Perpetrators Victims Bystanders

Perpetrators Victims Bystanders PDF

Author: Raul Hilberg

Publisher: Harper Collins

Published: 1993-09-15

Total Pages: 362

ISBN-13: 0060995076

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The man the New York Times has called "the preeminent scholar of the Holocaust" tells the stories of those who caused, experienced, and witnessed the great human catastrophe.

The Implicated Subject

The Implicated Subject PDF

Author: Michael Rothberg

Publisher: Stanford University Press

Published: 2019-08-06

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 150360960X

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“A pathbreaking meditation . . . shifts the discussion . . . from . . . notions of guilt and innocence to the complexities of responsibility and accountability.” —Amir Eshel, Stanford University When it comes to historical violence and contemporary inequality, none of us are completely innocent. We may not be direct agents of harm, but we may still contribute to, inhabit, or benefit from regimes of domination that we neither set up nor control. Arguing that the familiar categories of victim, perpetrator, and bystander do not adequately account for our connection to injustices past and present, Michael Rothberg offers a new theory of political responsibility through the figure of the implicated subject. The Implicated Subject builds on the comparative, transnational framework of Rothberg's influential work on memory to engage in reflection and analysis of cultural texts, archives, and activist movements from such contested zones as transitional South Africa, contemporary Israel/Palestine, post-Holocaust Europe, and a transatlantic realm marked by the afterlives of slavery. An array of globally prominent artists, writers, and thinkers—from William Kentridge, Hito Steyerl, and Jamaica Kincaid, to Hannah Arendt, Primo Levi, Judith Butler, and the Combahee River Collective—speak show how confronting our own implication in difficult histories can lead to new forms of internationalism and long-distance solidarity. “A significant work by a major scholar . . . .While drawing on a global range of histories and texts, the book never loses focus on the contemporary moment.” —Robert Eaglestone, Royal Holloway, University of London “Offer[s] a fresh vocabulary to confront our personal and collective responsibility in the face of massive political violence, past and present.” —Marianne Hirsch, Columbia University

Bystanders

Bystanders PDF

Author: Victoria Barnett

Publisher: Praeger

Published: 1999-06-30

Total Pages: 216

ISBN-13:

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A systematic study of bystanders during the Holoaust which analyzes why individuals, institutions and the international community remained passive while millions died. The work illustrates the terrible consequences of indifference and passivity towards the persecution of others.

Cyberbullying and the Critical Importance of Educational Resources for Prevention and Intervention

Cyberbullying and the Critical Importance of Educational Resources for Prevention and Intervention PDF

Author: Marzano, Gilberto

Publisher: IGI Global

Published: 2019-05-15

Total Pages: 323

ISBN-13: 1522580778

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The prevention of cyberbullying is an ongoing challenge due to the multifaceted nature of cyberbullying and the difficulties in realizing effective interventions that involve educational institutions, educators, and families. Enduring prevention programs through education need to be defined and take into account that the digital revolution changes the way and the meaning of interpersonal relationships. Cyberbullying and the Critical Importance of Educational Resources for Prevention and Intervention is a collection of innovative research on the methods and applications of policies and other strategies that identify and prevent online harassment among middle and high school students. Among the strategies discussed are the involvement of school institutions and families in planning continuous and well-structured awareness activities, as well as designing and running effective educational initiatives for intervention. While highlighting topics including digital technologies, bullying behaviors, and online communication, this book is ideally designed for policymakers, educators, academicians, administrators, and researchers.

Probing the Limits of Categorization

Probing the Limits of Categorization PDF

Author: Christina Morina

Publisher: Berghahn Books

Published: 2020-12-01

Total Pages: 382

ISBN-13: 9781789208115

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Of the three categories that Raul Hilberg developed in his analysis of the Holocaust—perpetrators, victims, and bystanders—it is the last that is the broadest and most difficult to pinpoint. Described by Hilberg as those who were “once a part of this history,” bystanders present unique challenges for those seeking to understand the decisions, attitudes, and self-understanding of historical actors who were neither obviously the instigators nor the targets of Nazi crimes. Combining historiographical, conceptual, and empirical perspectives on the bystander, the case studies in this book provide powerful insights into the complex social processes that accompany state-sponsored genocidal violence.

The Psychology of Genocide

The Psychology of Genocide PDF

Author: Steven K. Baum

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2008-05-29

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 1139472828

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Genocide has tragically claimed the lives of over 262 million victims in the last century. Jews, Armenians, Cambodians, Darfurians, Kosovons, Rwandans, the list seems endless. Clinical psychologist Steven K. Baum sets out to examine the psychological patterns to these atrocities. Building on trait theory as well as social psychology he reanalyzes key conformity studies (including the famous experiments of Ash, Millgram and Zimbardo) to bring forth an understanding of identity and emotional development during genocide. Baum presents a model that demonstrates how people's actions during genocide actually mirror their behaviour in everyday life: there are those who destruct (perpetrators), those who help (rescuers) and those who remain uninvolved, positioning themselves between the two extremes (bystanders). Combining eyewitness accounts with Baum's own analysis, this book reveals the common mental and emotional traits among perpetrators, bystanders and rescuers and how a war between personal and social identity accounts for these divisions.

The Holocaust in Three Generations

The Holocaust in Three Generations PDF

Author: Gabriele Rosenthal

Publisher: Barbara Budrich

Published: 2010-02-18

Total Pages: 401

ISBN-13: 3866492820

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Victims and Perpetrators What form does the dialogue about the family past during the Nazi period take in families of those persecuted by the Nazi regime and in families of Nazi perpetrators and bystanders? What impact does the past of the first generation, and their own way of dealing with it have on the lives of their children and grandchildren? What are the differences between the dialogue about the family past and the Holocaust in families of Nazi perpetrators and in families of Holocaust survivors? This book examines these questions on the basis of selected case studies.

Perpetrators, Victims, Bystanders

Perpetrators, Victims, Bystanders PDF

Author: Raul Hilberg

Publisher:

Published: 1993-01-01

Total Pages: 340

ISBN-13: 9780413457417

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The story of the people who caused, carried out, experienced, survived and witnessed the Holocaust. In the factual narrative which reads like a novel, the author relates individual stories, appalling events and terrible ironies. Raul Hilberg has also written "The Destruction of the European Jews."

Second Generation Voices

Second Generation Voices PDF

Author: Alan L. Berger

Publisher: Syracuse University Press

Published: 2001-06-01

Total Pages: 404

ISBN-13: 9780815606819

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Heirs to the legacy of Auschwjtz, the children and grandchildren of Holocaust survivors and perpetrators have always been thought of as separated by fear and anger, mistrust and shame. This groundbreaking study provides a forum for expression in which each group reflects candidly upon the consuming burdens and challenges it has inherited. In these intensely personal and frequently dramatic pieces, understandable differences surface. The Jewish second generation is unified by a search for memory and family. Their German counterparts experience the opposite. Yet surprising common ground is revealed. Each group emerges out of households where, for vastly different reasons, the Holocaust was not mentioned. Each struggles to break this barrier of silence. Each has witnessed the continued survival of parents and must grapple with living in households haunted by denial. And each knows it is his or her charge to shape the Holocaust for future generations. To be sure, there is disagreement among the groups about the need for-or wisdom of-dialogue. Yet Second Generation Voices boldly engenders authentic grounds for discussion. Issues such as guilt, anger, religious faith, and accountability are explored in deeply felt poems, essays, and narratives. Jew and German alike speak openly of forming and affirming their own identities, reconnecting with roots, and working through their own "psychological Holocaust."

A Small Town Near Auschwitz

A Small Town Near Auschwitz PDF

Author: Mary Fulbrook

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2012-09-20

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 0191611751

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The Silesian town of Bedzin lies a mere twenty-five miles from Auschwitz; through the linked ghettos of Bedzin and its neighbouring town, some 85,000 Jews passed on their way to slave labour or the gas chambers. The principal civilian administrator of Bedzin, Udo Klausa, was a happily married family man. He was also responsible for implementing Nazi policies towards the Jews in his area - inhumane processes that were the precursors of genocide. Yet he later claimed, like so many other Germans after the war, that he had 'known nothing about it'; and that he had personally tried to save a Jew before he himself managed to leave for military service. A Small Town Near Auschwitz re-creates Udo Klausa's story. Using a wealth of personal letters, memoirs, testimonies, interviews and other sources, Mary Fulbrook pieces together his role in the unfolding stigmatization and degradation of the Jews under his authoritiy, as well as the heroic attempts at resistance on the part of some of his victims. She also gives us a fascinating insight into the inner conflicts of a Nazi functionary who, throughout, considered himself a 'decent' man. And she explores the conflicting memories and evasions of his life after the war. But the book is much more than a portrayal of an individual man. Udo Klausa's case is so important because it is in many ways so typical. Behind Klausa's story is the larger story of how countless local functionaries across the Third Reich facilitated the murderous plans of a relatively small number among the Nazi elite - and of how those plans could never have been realized, on the same scale, without the diligent cooperation of these generally very ordinary administrators. As Fulbrook shows, men like Klausa 'knew' and yet mostly suppressed this knowledge, performing their day jobs without apparent recognition of their own role in the system, or any sense of personal wrongdoing or remorse - either before or after 1945. This account is no ordinary historical reconstruction. For Fulbrook did not discover Udo Klausa amongst the archives. She has known the Klausa family all her life. She had no inkling of her subject's true role in the Third Reich until a few years ago, a discovery that led directly to this inescapably personal professional history.