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Peer Review in an Era of Evaluation

Author: Eva Forsberg

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 414

ISBN-13: 3030752631

This open access volume explores peer review in the scientific community and academia. While peer review is as old as modern science itself, recent changes in the evaluation culture of higher education systems have increased the use of peer review, and its purposes, forms and functions have become more diversified. This book put together a comprehensive set of conceptual and empirical contributions on various peer review practices with relevance for the scientific community and higher education institutions worldwide. Consisting of three parts, the editors and contributors examine the history, problems and developments of peer review, as well as the specificities of various peer review practices. In doing so, this book gives an overview on and examine peer review , and asks how it can move forward. Eva Forsberg is Professor of Education at Uppsala University, Sweden. Her research focuses education governance and evaluation, academic work and the interface between educational policy, practice and research. Lars Geschwind is Professor in Engineering Education Policy and Management at KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden. His main research interests are higher education policy, institutional governance, academic leadership and academic work. Sara Levander is Senior Lecturer and Researcher in Education at Uppsala University, Sweden. Her research interests are higher education, academic work and faculty evaluation in academic recruitment and promotion. Wieland Wermke is Associate Professor in Special Education at Stockholm University, Sweden. His research interest focuses on comparative education methodology, and teacher practice at different levels of education.

Reading Peer Review

Author: Martin Paul Eve

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2021-02-04

Total Pages: 178

ISBN-13: 1108788688

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This Element describes for the first time the database of peer review reports at PLOS ONE, the largest scientific journal in the world, to which the authors had unique access. Specifically, this Element presents the background contexts and histories of peer review, the data-handling sensitivities of this type of research, the typical properties of reports in the journal to which the authors had access, a taxonomy of the reports, and their sentiment arcs. This unique work thereby yields a compelling and unprecedented set of insights into the evolving state of peer review in the twenty-first century, at a crucial political moment for the transformation of science. It also, though, presents a study in radicalism and the ways in which PLOS's vision for science can be said to have effected change in the ultra-conservative contemporary university. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Making "Nature"

Author: Melinda Baldwin

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2015-08-18

Total Pages: 318

ISBN-13: 022626159X

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Making "Nature" is the first book to chronicle the foundation and development of Nature, one of the world's most influential scientific institutions. Now nearing its hundred and fiftieth year of publication, Nature is the international benchmark for scientific publication. Its contributors include Charles Darwin, Ernest Rutherford, and Stephen Hawking, and it has published many of the most important discoveries in the history of science, including articles on the structure of DNA, the discovery of the neutron, the first cloning of a mammal, and the human genome. But how did Nature become such an essential institution? In Making "Nature," Melinda Baldwin charts the rich history of this extraordinary publication from its foundation in 1869 to current debates about online publishing and open access. This pioneering study not only tells Nature's story but also sheds light on much larger questions about the history of science publishing, changes in scientific communication, and shifting notions of "scientific community." Nature, as Baldwin demonstrates, helped define what science is and what it means to be a scientist.

The Gatekeepers of Psychology

Author: E. Rae Harcum

Publisher: Praeger

Published: 1993-04-30

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 0275945146

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This book is a wake-up call for those who contend that the peer review system for journal publications works. It supports the current groundswell of dissatisfaction with peer review. Harcum and Rosen challenge the notion of simple biases of researchers and argue that many reviews are simply incompetent. The biases against new scientific approaches and philosophies are exacerbated if proposed by unknown researchers or if contrary to the established research stars. The authors also destroy the myth of the appeal system as a forum whereby peers can debate scientific issues. The primary purpose of this work is to raise the consciousness of the scientific community, particularly psychologists, about serious flaws in peer review. The authors demonstrate in a dramatic way how poor the system really is, and propose a critical change--the institution of a viable system for appeals.

Strengthening Peer Review in Federal Agencies That Support Education Research

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2004-09-18

Total Pages: 106

ISBN-13: 0309090997

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Peer review is a method used to inform decision-making by engaging experts in a critical evaluation of the merits of a product or proposal. It is most commonly known as a mechanism for judging the quality of proposals for research funding, or manuscripts submitted for publication in academic journals. It is at once a tool with which scientific judgment is formalized and decisions about the allocation of scarce public resources are legitimized. Strengthening Peer Review in Federal Agencies That Support Education Research seeks to advance an improved understanding of a scientific approach to addressing education problems and to engage the field of education research in action-oriented dialogue about how to further the accumulation of scientific knowledge. The focus of this report is on peer review as it is applied to the evaluation of proposals for federal funding of education research projects.

Editorial Peer Review

Author: Ann C. Weller

Publisher: Information Today, Inc.

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 9781573871006

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This book is the first to provide an in-depth analysis of the peer review process in scholarly publishing. Author Weller offers a systematic review of published studies of editorial peer review in the following broad categories: general studies of rejection rates, studies of editors, studies of authors, and studies of reviewers. The book concludes with an examination of new models of editorial peer review intended to enhance the scientific communication process as it moves from a print to an electronic environment.

The Evaluators’ Eye

Author: Gemma Derrick

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-02-08

Total Pages: 230

ISBN-13: 3319636278

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This book offers an empirical analysis of how academic peer review panels mediate the traditionally non-academic criterion of societal impact. The UK’s 2014 Research Excellence Framework (REF2014) for the first time included an “Impact” criterion that considered how research had influenced society, beyond academia. Using a series of interviews with REF2014 Main Panel A evaluators, the book explores how a dominant definition of Impact was constructed within panels and how this led to the development of strategies around valuing it as an ambiguous object. By doing so, Derrick brings a unique perspective to Impact that is currently overlooked in the dominant Impact evaluation discourse. Through examining the evaluation procedure as a dynamic process it is argued that the best models, strategies and insights for Impact evaluation are those constructed in practice, within peer review groups. By exploring the legitimacy of peer review as a tool to assess the societal impact of research, Derrick states that the future for Impact evaluation is not to seek alternative tools where peer review seemingly fails, but instead to highlight ways in which peer review panels can work smarter. The book will be essential reading for students, academics and policy-makers working in Education, as well as researchers interested in peer review processes and the research evaluation frameworks and audit exercises globally.

Effective Peer Review

Author: Robert J. Marder

Publisher: HC Pro, Inc.

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 191

ISBN-13: 1601460112

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HCPro is pleased to introduce Effective Peer Review: A Practical Guide to Contemporary Design, Second Edition, authored by The Greeley Company experts, Robert J. Marder, MD and Mark A. Smith, MD, MBA, FACS. Completely updated to help you: * Comply with The Joint Commission's 2007 standards * Deliver focused and ongoing professional practice evaluations * Evaluate physician core competencies * And much more! Peer review continues to rate as a top problematic issue and one you can't ignore. The pressure is driven by publicly available national data, The Joint Commission's 2007 standards expanding measurement of physician competence, and hospital boards' need to be assured that the peer review process is functioning effectively. Learn how to go beyond just satisfying a regulatory requirement to performing peer review that fosters true improvement within your facility. Although hospitals go through the motions of peer review, they are often unable to make it a meaningful process-one that results in true improvement in physician performance and meets The Joint Commission's standards. Transform your peer review process and meet external requirements with Effective Peer Review: A Practical Guide to Contemporary Design, Second Edition. Get best practices to make peer review worthwhile Newly updated and in high demand, Effective Peer Review, Second Edition, outlines and provides advice about how to do physician peer review effectively. Authored by experts from The Greeley Company, this book and CD-ROM goes beyond just reviewing the Joint Commission standards. It puts the standards in context by emphasizing best practices you can implement in your peer review process. Plus, you'll receive thorough discussion about data analysis and collection, along with peer review scoring and rating systems. Critical information at your fingertips Offering step-by-step guidance to peer review, this book and CD-ROM will help you: * Streamline your exist

HBR Guide to Performance Management (HBR Guide Series)

Author: Harvard Business Review

Publisher: Harvard Business Press

Published: 2017-06-20

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13: 1633692795

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Are your employees meeting their goals? Is their work improving over time? Understanding where your employees are succeeding—and falling short—is a pivotal part of ensuring you have the right talent to meet organizational objectives. In order to work with your people and effectively monitor their progress, you need a system in place. The HBR Guide to Performance Management provides a new multi-step, cyclical process to help you keep track of your employees' work, identify where they need to improve, and ensure they're growing with the organization. You'll learn to: Set clear employee goals that align with company objectives Monitor progress and check in regularly Close performance gaps Understand when to use performance analytics Create opportunities for growth, tailored to the individual Overcome and avoid burnout on your team Arm yourself with the advice you need to succeed on the job, with the most trusted brand in business. Packed with how-to essentials from leading experts, the HBR Guides provide smart answers to your most pressing work challenges.

School Peer Review for Educational Improvement and Accountability

Author: David Godfrey

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-09-03

Total Pages: 299

ISBN-13: 3030481301

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This book explores how peer reviews are used in school improvement, accountability and education system reform. Importantly, these issues are studied through numerous international cases and new empirical evidence. This volume also identifies and describes barriers and facilitators to the development, use, sustainability and expansion of school peer review. School peer reviews are a form of internal evaluation driven by schools themselves rather than externally imposed, such as with school inspections. Schools collaborate with other schools in networks, collect data through self-evaluation and in school review visits. They provide feedback, challenge and support to each other. Despite the increased use of school peer review in system reform and school improvement, very little research has been conducted on this model and there is a dearth of literature that looks at the phenomenon internationally. This book fills this gap and will be an invaluable source for academics in school leadership and educational evaluation and accountability, as well as those working at the level of executive leadership in school networks, NGOs and in government policy-making.