Partisan Politics, Divided Government, and the Economy

Partisan Politics, Divided Government, and the Economy PDF

Author: Alberto Alesina

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1995-01-27

Total Pages: 302

ISBN-13: 9780521436205

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This book develops an integrated approach to understanding the American economy and national elections. Economic policy is generally seen as the result of a compromise between the President and Congress. Because Democrats and Republicans usually maintain polarized preferences on policy, middle-of-the-road voters seek to balance the President by reinforcing in Congress the party not holding the White House. This balancing leads, always, to relatively moderate policies and, frequently, to divided government. The authors first outline the rational partisan business cycle, where Republican administrations begin with recession, and Democratic administrations with expansions, and next the midterm cycle, where the President's party loses votes in the mid-term congressional election. The book argues that both cycles are the result of uncertainty about the outcome of presidential elections. Other topics covered include retrospective voting on the economy, coat-tails, and incumbency advantage. A final chapter shows how the analysis sheds light on the economies and political processes of other industrial democracies.

Divided Government

Divided Government PDF

Author: Peter F. Galderisi

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 266

ISBN-13:

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As the relationship between the executive and legislative branches of the federal government becomes increasingly hostile, more Americans are wondering whether national politics can be described as gridlock or good government. This provocative and insightful collection of original essays provides answers by exploring the complicated nature and multiple implications of divided government in the United States. The distinguished contributors analyze the consequences of the 1992 and 1994 elections and argue that discussions of divided government are too narrowly focused on the issue of partisan division of governmental institutions. Divided Government convincingly shows how political scientists have downplayed the significance of Constitutional rules, legislative policy disaggregation, and the decline of party organization. They conclude that divided government, in its broader institutional context, will continue regardless of which parties control the different branches.

Political Economy of the United States

Political Economy of the United States PDF

Author: Joel W. Johnson

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-12-20

Total Pages: 216

ISBN-13: 135103460X

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How have the policies of recent administrations shaped today’s economy? To what extent has federal policy contributed to growth in income inequality? Why have the parties become so polarized and how has polarization influenced economic policy? This book provides an introduction to the contemporary political economy of the United States. It examines the politics of economic policymaking, the influence of federal policies and programs on the economy, and the co-evolution of politics and the economy over the past five decades. Along the way, it explains the causes and consequences of many contemporary phenomena, such as the government’s deficits and debt and the ideological polarization of the parties. The book is divided into two parts. The first half explains how America’s political economy "works." It explains what the federal government does, why it does what it does, and how its policies influence the economy. The second half explains "how we got here" with a review of major political and economic developments since the 1970s, all the way up to the early years of the Trump Administration. This weaving together of theory and history provides both the tools and the context so that readers can properly understand the nation’s current-day politics and policy debates.

Welfare for the Wealthy

Welfare for the Wealthy PDF

Author: Christopher G. Faricy

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2015-10-22

Total Pages: 269

ISBN-13: 1316352455

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How does political party control determine changes to social policy, and by extension, influence inequality in America? Conventional theories show that Democratic control of the federal government produces more social expenditures and less inequality. Welfare for the Wealthy re-examines this relationship by evaluating how political party power results in changes to both public social spending and subsidies for private welfare - and how a trade-off between the two, in turn, affects income inequality. Christopher Faricy finds that both Democrats and Republicans have increased social spending over the last forty-two years. And while both political parties increase federal social spending, Democrats and Republicans differ in how they spend federal money, which socioeconomic groups benefit, and the resulting consequences for income inequality.

The Politics Industry

The Politics Industry PDF

Author: Katherine M. Gehl

Publisher: Harvard Business Press

Published: 2020-06-23

Total Pages: 316

ISBN-13: 1633699242

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Leading political innovation activist Katherine Gehl and world-renowned business strategist Michael Porter bring fresh perspective, deep scholarship, and a real and actionable solution, Final Five Voting, to the grand challenge of our broken political and democratic system. Final Five Voting has already been adopted in Alaska and is being advanced in states across the country. The truth is, the American political system is working exactly how it is designed to work, and it isn't designed or optimized today to work for us—for ordinary citizens. Most people believe that our political system is a public institution with high-minded principles and impartial rules derived from the Constitution. In reality, it has become a private industry dominated by a textbook duopoly—the Democrats and the Republicans—and plagued and perverted by unhealthy competition between the players. Tragically, it has therefore become incapable of delivering solutions to America's key economic and social challenges. In fact, there's virtually no connection between our political leaders solving problems and getting reelected. In The Politics Industry, business leader and path-breaking political innovator Katherine Gehl and world-renowned business strategist Michael Porter take a radical new approach. They ingeniously apply the tools of business analysis—and Porter's distinctive Five Forces framework—to show how the political system functions just as every other competitive industry does, and how the duopoly has led to the devastating outcomes we see today. Using this competition lens, Gehl and Porter identify the most powerful lever for change—a strategy comprised of a clear set of choices in two key areas: how our elections work and how we make our laws. Their bracing assessment and practical recommendations cut through the endless debate about various proposed fixes, such as term limits and campaign finance reform. The result: true political innovation. The Politics Industry is an original and completely nonpartisan guide that will open your eyes to the true dynamics and profound challenges of the American political system and provide real solutions for reshaping the system for the benefit of all. THE INSTITUTE FOR POLITICAL INNOVATION The authors will donate all royalties from the sale of this book to the Institute for Political Innovation.

Divided Politics, Divided Nation

Divided Politics, Divided Nation PDF

Author: Darrell M. West

Publisher: Brookings Institution Press

Published: 2019-03-26

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 0815736924

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Why are Americans so angry with each other? The United States is caught in a partisan hyperconflict that divides politicians, communities—and even families. Politicians from the president to state and local office-holders play to strongly-held beliefs and sometimes even pour fuel on the resulting inferno. This polarization has become so intense that many people no longer trust anyone from a differing perspective. Drawing on his personal story of growing up as a fundamentalist Christian on a dairy farm in rural Ohio, then as an academic in the heart of the liberal East Coast establishment, Darrell West analyzes the economic, cultural, and political aspects of polarization. He takes advantage of his experiences inside both conservative and liberal camps to explain the views of each side and offer insights into why each is angry with the other. West argues that societal tensions have metastasized into a dangerous tribalism that seriously threatens U.S. democracy. Unless people can bridge these divisions and forge a new path forward, it will be impossible to work together, maintain a functioning democracy, and solve the country's pressing policy problems.

Partisan Conflict and Private Investment

Partisan Conflict and Private Investment PDF

Author: Marina Azzimonti

Publisher:

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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American politics have been characterized by a high degree of partisan conflict in recent years. Combined with a divided government, this has led not only to significant Congressional gridlock, but also to spells of high fiscal policy uncertainty. The unusually slow recovery from the Great Recession during the same period suggests the possibility that the two phenomena may be related. In this paper, I investigate the hypothesis that political discord depresses private investment. To this end, I first present a reduced-form political economy model to illustrate how news about political disagreement affects investment through agents' expectations. I then construct a novel high-frequency indicator of partisan conflict consistent with the model. The index, computed monthly between 1981 and 2015, uses a semantic search methodology to measure the frequency of newspaper articles reporting lawmakers' disagreement about policy. Using a 2SLS approach, I estimate that a 10% increase in the partisan conflict index is associated with a 3.4% decline in aggregate private investment in the US.

Politics and Economics in the Eighties

Politics and Economics in the Eighties PDF

Author: Alberto Alesina

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 1991-11-15

Total Pages: 246

ISBN-13: 9780226012803

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Is the federal budget deficit a result of congressional deadlocks, gross miscalculation of economic trends, or a Republican strategy to tie the budgetary hands of future Democratic leadership? To what extend does the partisan split between Congress and the executive branch constrain the president's agenda? In this volume, political scientists and economists tackle these and many other contentious issues, offering a variety of analytical perspectives. Certain to provoke controversy, this interdisciplinary volume brings together policy experts to provide a coherent analysis of the most important economic policy changes of the 1980s. Through a detailed examination of voting patterns, monetary and fiscal policies, welfare spending, tax reform, minimum wage legislation, the savings and loan collapse, and international trade policy, the authors explore how politics can influence the direction of economic policymaking.

Curious Correlations - Party Politics and Economics

Curious Correlations - Party Politics and Economics PDF

Author: Jan S Raymond

Publisher: Independently Published

Published: 2019-07-15

Total Pages: 156

ISBN-13: 9781081207663

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This investigation of curious correlations explores the implications of the fact the two worst economic collapses in the last 100 years, the Great Depression and the Great Recession occurred at the end of a decade of Republican domination of all elective branches of government.- House, Senate and Presidency. Republicans pursued similar policies in both decades - tax cuts, regulatory cuts and reducing the size of Government. At no other time in the last 100 years did Republicans enjoy such total control for an extended period of time. Polls say that voters generally consider Republicans to be better at managing the economy. How can it be that the party that is perceived to be better at managing the economy controlled government policy in the decade leading up to the two worst economic collapses of the last 100 years.? Is it just bad luck? Or bad policy? The book examines whether data justifies voter belief in Republican managerial skills. It begins by developing historical context - summarizing the philosophical differences between Republicans and Democrats regarding how they view market based economics, the appropriate size of government, taxation to support government, and regulating individual behavior. Next it identifies who controlled each branch of Congress and which party controlled the Presidency for each of the 50 two-year congressional sessions between 1919 and 2018. The data shows that Republicans have dominated government policy for about 51 of the 100 years between 1919 and 2018 while Democratic policies dominated government for 49 years. After reviewing how we pay for the Federal government it becomes obvious the most prominent difference between the parties is that when Republicans controlled policy the tax rate on the top end of the income of the wealthiest taxpayers is below 40% while when Democrats controlled policy the tax rate on the top end of the wealthiest taxpayers income averaged roughly 85%. Next it compares GDP figures for each year between 1919 and 2018 and the data shows in the 49 years when Democratic policy dominated the country grew an average of 2.77% per year, while in the 51 years when Republican policy dominated GDP grew at an average of less than 1% per year. During the years Republican policy dominated the National debt rose by over 50%. During the years Democratic policy dominated the National debt rose only 5%. When Republican policy dominates the rich get richer and the poor get poorer, when Democratic policy dominated the rich still get richer but everyone else did much better. Looking at indirect economic consequences when Republican policy dominated our healthcare system got more expensive and inefficient, compared to when Democratic policy dominated. During the years Republican policy dominated the housing market was more volatile, home ownership shrank and more people lost their homes to foreclosure. During the years Democratic policy dominated the housing market was stable, home ownership grew and foreclosures were rare. During the years of Republican domination higher education became less available for those without well off parents, during periods of Democratic domination higher education became more widely available across all income brackets. Finally we look at the stock market - surely the stock market does better when Republicans control? But in fact the market generally does considerably better under periods of Democratic policy control than during periods of Republican policy control. Looking at the vocations of Presidents in the last 100 years the data shows the 5 Presidents that came out of a business background were all Republican and economic performance during all their administrations ranged from mediocre to calamitous. The book concludes with a summary and some speculation on why these often counter-intuitive correlations exist.

Modern Political Economy

Modern Political Economy PDF

Author: Jeffrey S. Banks

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1995-08-25

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 9780521478106

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Political economy has been an essential realm of inquiry and has attracted myriad intellectual adherents for much of the period of modern scholarship. The discipline's formal split into the distinct studies of political science and economics in the nineteenth-century, while advantageous for certain scientific developments, has biased the way economists and political scientists think about many issues, and has placed artificial constraints on the study of many important social issues. This volume calls for a reaffirmation of the importance of the unified study of political economy, and explores the frontiers of the interaction between politics and markets. This volume brings together intellectual leaders of various areas, drawing upon state-of-the-art theoretical and empirical analysis from each of the underlying disciplines. Each chapter, while beginning with a survey of existing work, focuses on profitable lines of inquiry for future developments. Particular attention is devoted to fields of active current development.