Paradigm Shift in Technologies and Innovation Systems

Paradigm Shift in Technologies and Innovation Systems PDF

Author: John Cantwell

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2019-11-02

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 9813293500

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This book provides some new ideas on the conceptualization of a shift in technological paradigm, and it explores in depth the relevance of this concept for research on innovation systems. It examines text-mining software and analyzes patent data as well as academic and business journals to illustrate the paradigm shift of newly emerging technologies, such as the all-solid-state battery and automatic driving for electric vehicles, and surgical robots. It also explores the critical role of emerging software technologies by examining US, EU, and Japanese patent statistics. Highlighting the paradigm shift of technologies since the 1990s and the geographical dispersion of innovative capabilities, it identifies essential trends toward new innovation systems as well as the concentration and dispersion of national and corporate R&D capabilities that have taken place as a result. In this new paradigm, the competitiveness of a company is decisively determined by other innovations in systems and management. Since the 1990s, when a network economy began to be established and technological know-how came to be easily transferred across borders, the changing structure of technological activities has required organizations with traditional integral and closed architecture models to move toward open innovation or modular architectures. These changes involve wider technological areas and cognitive diversity among international inter-firm and intra-firm R&D networks. This book is highly recommended not only to academicians but also to business people seeking an in-depth and up-to-date overview of the paradigm shift of technologies and new innovation systems.

Paradigm Shift in Urban Mobility

Paradigm Shift in Urban Mobility PDF

Author: Tomasz Janasz

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-11-30

Total Pages: 360

ISBN-13: 3658204605

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Tomasz Janasz demonstrates that digital technologies and new mobility concepts can lead to a reduction of the automobiles in urban areas by a factor of 10. The book features two vivid case studies of such digital mobility concepts: TwoGo by SAP and smexx. The author proposes six prototypes of business models for ‘Shared Automobility Services’. Janasz offers also the ‘Transformative Literacy’ for designing sustainable urban mobility systems of the future. The author elaborates on the socio-political patterns of urban mobility by presenting the case of the City of Basel (Switzerland). He proposes the framework of ‘Integrated Sustainable Urban Mobility’ to explain how to overcome car dependence in cities.

New Paradigms in Technological Innovation Management

New Paradigms in Technological Innovation Management PDF

Author: Hans Roth

Publisher:

Published: 2019-06-03

Total Pages: 222

ISBN-13: 9781632408358

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Technological innovation system explains the nature and rate of technological change. It can be applied to three levels of analysis namely, to technology as a field of knowledge, to a product or artifact, or to a set of related products and artifacts developed with the aim to satisfy a specific purpose. The structures in a technological innovation system represent the static aspect of the system and are distinguished into three categories- actors, institutions and technological factors. The organizations that contribute to a technology are actors. These may also be developers, financiers, regulators, etc. The institutional structures form the core of the innovation system. These are the institutional rules and constraints that shape human interaction. Technological factors are essential for understanding the feedback mechanisms between technological and institutional change. The book studies, analyzes and upholds the pillars of technological innovation management with respect to business organizations and its utmost significance in modern times. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. It is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.

Techno-economic Paradigms

Techno-economic Paradigms PDF

Author: Wolfgang J. M. Drechsler

Publisher: Anthem Press

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 443

ISBN-13: 1843317850

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'Techno-Economic Paradigms' presents a series of essays discussing one of the most interesting and talked-about socio-economic theories of our times: techno-economic paradigm shifts.

Innovation Systems and Capabilities in Developing Regions

Innovation Systems and Capabilities in Developing Regions PDF

Author: Willie Siyanbola

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-05-23

Total Pages: 426

ISBN-13: 1317116313

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In today's knowledge-driven world, innovation and innovation systems have become key policy issues. However, the extent of knowledge that is available on these concepts in less developed countries is still relatively low. Much of what we know about innovation theory and systems has come from the developed countries and reflects their world view. This apparent knowledge deficit has major implications for less developed countries. Innovation Systems and Capabilities in Developing Regions adds to the growing body of knowledge on developing countries. The theoretical and empirical case studies presented here advance the notion that, while developing countries may not engage in frontier research, a critical knowledge base upon which these countries compete for global markets is emerging. There is evidence that state and non-state actors are increasingly emphasising policies that sit within the framework of national innovation systems. This book illuminates this shift in policy competence at national levels. The contributions in this volume highlight the need for thorough understanding of the role of diffusion-based innovation linked to technology transfer and acquisition. They also provide empirical evidence on the drivers, dynamics and impact of such innovation in developing economies and the constraints that apply. Contributors also document the application of the innovation system approach in developing countries as well as the build-up and diffusion of technological capabilities within innovation systems. Academics, higher level students, policy makers and practitioners involved with innovation and the economics of technical change, particularly in developing countries, will find this a valuable book.

Sustainability-oriented Innovation Systems in China and India

Sustainability-oriented Innovation Systems in China and India PDF

Author: Tilman Altenburg

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-10-02

Total Pages: 168

ISBN-13: 1317383923

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Global economic growth, recently fuelled by Asia’s emerging economies, has greatly accelerated the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and boosted demand for scarce natural resources, including energy, food and mineral raw materials. These developments are pushing the planet close to its ecological boundaries. Transforming the world economy towards sustainability, while ensuring decent levels of resource use for all global citizens, is the greatest challenge of our time. This book explores how innovation systems need to be adapted to successfully confront these challenges. The first chapter introduces the concept of sustainability-oriented innovation systems which highlights the systematic differences between systems that have developed along current resource-intensive technological trajectories and those that address the impending environmental mega-problems. The subsequent articles present case studies of sustainability-oriented innovations in a number of policy areas, including energy efficiency, electric mobility and generation of renewable energy, in China and India. These case studies confirm the specificities of innovation systems geared towards a green techno-economic paradigm. This book was originally published as a special issue of Innovation and Development.

Challenges of African Transformation

Challenges of African Transformation PDF

Author: Mammo Muchie

Publisher: African Books Collective

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 234

ISBN-13: 0798303484

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A brief overview of the African economic picture reveals a paradox where the continent that has rich mineral resources, nearly a billion people and a land mass which includes the sizes of China, USA, India, Western Europe, Argentina together larger than the sum of these regions is in an unacceptable state of being an object of aid, debt and loans despite the vast resources both known and yet to be explored. Africa should have been a productive and innovation centre and not a charity and aid centre of the world where 'donorship' has replaced African national ownership' of not just Africa's resources, but even worse, Africa's own agency, autonomy and independence to shape policy and direction; to undertake African integrated national development by establishing a science, engineering and technology based knowledge, innovative, learning and competent economy. The chapters in this volume address the application of the innovation approach to a variety of problems in Africa. Together they highlight the critical importance of the innovation systems approach in each of the issues the authors preferred to select and analyse. In the African context, the application of innovation goes beyond firms to the informal activities at grassroots level. The boundaries and the range of actors and activities for innovation application are varied and not limited. This variation is represented in this volume by the diverse issues that the authors dealt with in their research by applying as common the use and application of innovation.

Innovation

Innovation PDF

Author: Calestous Juma

Publisher: Earthscan

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 214

ISBN-13: 1844072185

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Describes approaches for effectively applying science, technology, and innovation to achieving the Millennium Development Goals. Outlines core areas for policy action, including a focus on platform or generic technologies, defining infrastructure services as foundations for technology, placing universities at the centre of local development and improving science education, spurring entrepreneurial activities, improving the policy environment and focusing on areas of under-funded research for development.