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Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Published: 2009-10-15
Total Pages: 254
ISBN-13: 9264045740
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment sets the world standard for FDI statistics. It provides a single point of reference for statisticians and users on all aspect of FDI statistics, while remaining compatible with other internationally accepted statistical standards.
Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Publisher:
Published: 2008
Total Pages: 241
ISBN-13: 9789264048751
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a major driver of globalisation. The OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment sets the world standard for FDI statistics. It provides a single point of reference for statisticians and users on all aspect of FDI statistics, while remaining compatible with other internationally accepted statistical standards. This edition introduces new analytical data breakdowns and statistical treatments that better reflect the realities of today's world economy. The revised Benchmark Definition provides methods for classifying different types of FDI (e.g., mergers and acquisitions, greenfield investments) and for identifying the ultimate investor. The new edition now addresses the uses of FDI statistics, including globalisation indicators, and provides a chapter relating to the statistics on the activities of multinational enterprises.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Published: 1996-11-03
Total Pages: 51
ISBN-13: 926406480X
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →ThIS Third Edition of the OECD Benchmark Definition, fully consistent with the IMF Balance of Payments Manual, provides operational guidance on how FDI data should be compiled to meet internationally agreed standards.
Author: Jannick Damgaard
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2019-12-11
Total Pages: 54
ISBN-13: 1513521527
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Macro statistics on foreign direct investment (FDI) are blurred by offshore centers with enormous inward and outward investment positions. This paper uses several new data sources, both macro and micro, to estimate the global FDI network while disentangling real investment and phantom investment and allocating real investment to ultimate investor economies. We find that phantom investment into corporate shells with no substance and no real links to the local economy may account for almost 40 percent of global FDI. Ignoring phantom investment and allocating real investment to ultimate investors increases the explanatory power of standard gravity variables by around 25 percent.
Author: Jannick Damgaard
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2017-11-17
Total Pages: 25
ISBN-13: 1484330293
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This paper addresses three types of geographical decoupling in foreign direct investment (FDI), i.e., challenges when using traditional FDI data as a proxy for real economic integration between economies: (i) large bilateral asymmetries between inward and outward FDI, (ii) the role of special purpose entities (SPEs), and (iii) the effect of moving from immediate counterpart to ultimate investing economy (UIE). A unique global FDI network is estimated, where SPEs are removed and FDI positions are broken down by the UIE. Total inward FDI in the new network is reduced by one-third, and financial centers are less dominant.
Author: Emma Angulo
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2017-11-21
Total Pages: 49
ISBN-13: 148433003X
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This paper analyzes asymmetries in direct investment positions reported in the Coordinated Direct Investment Survey (CDIS) following a top down approach. First, it examines asymmetries at global level; second, it examines asymmetries between CDIS reported and derived data for individual economies; and third, the paper analyzes data at bilateral economy level. Then, the paper explores seven main reasons for asymmetries, including those arising even when economies follow international standards. Finally, the paper includes a section on addressing bilateral asymmetries and concludes with specific planned actions to reduce asymmetries, including initiatives led by international organizations.
Author: Emmanuel O. Kumah
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2009-11-01
Total Pages: 75
ISBN-13: 1451873891
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This paper analyzes the seven valuation methods for unlisted direct investment equity included in the recently adopted IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, Sixth Edition (BPM6). Based on publicly available Danish data, we test the three methods that are generally applicable and find that the choice of valuation method and estimation technique can have a highly significant impact on the international investment position, pointing to the need for further harmonization. The results show that the price-to-book value method generates more robust market value estimates than the price-to-earnings method. This finding suggests that the valuation basis for the forthcoming Coordinated Direct Investment Survey - own funds at book value -will provide useful information for compiling the international investment position.
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2005-11-16
Total Pages: 206
ISBN-13: 9781557753397
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The fifth edition of Balance of Payments Manual, issued in 1993, presents revised and updated standards for concepts, definitions, classifications, and conventions for compilation of balance of payments and international investment position statistics that reflect the widespread changes that have taken place in international transactions since the fouth edition was published in 1977. As the international standard, the Manual serves as a guide for IMF member countries that regularly report balance of payments data to the IMF. The Manual contains significantly expanded and restructured coverage of financial flows and stocks and international transactions in services. Harmonization with the System of National Accounts and other IMF statistical systems is also greatly increased. See also companion volumes, the Balance of Payments Compilation Guide and the Balance of Payments Textbook.
Author: United Nations Publications
Publisher:
Published: 2019-08-16
Total Pages: 236
ISBN-13: 9789211129496
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This report focuses on special economic zones (SEZs) which are widely used across most developing and many developed economies. It explores the place of SEZs in today's global investment landscape and provides guidance for policymakers on how to make SEZs work for sustainable development. It presents international investment trends and prospects at global, regional and national levels, as well as the evolution of international production and global value chains. It analyses the latest developments in new policy measures for investment promotion, facilitation and regulation around the world.
