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Nuclear Threat Reduction Measures for India and Pakistan
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 2005
Total Pages: 31
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Since India and Pakistan tested nuclear weapons in 1998, there has been a debate on whether the United States should provide assistance in making those weapons safer and more secure. In the wake of September 11, 2001, interest in this kind of assistance has grown for several reasons: the possibility of terrorists gaining access to Pakistan's nuclear weapons seems higher, the U.S. military is forging new relationships with both Pakistan and India in the war on terrorism, and heightened tension in Kashmir in 2002 threatened to push both states closer to the brink of nuclear war. Revelations in 2004 that Pakistani scientist A.Q. Khan was selling nuclear technology (and reportedly a nuclear bomb design) to Iran, Libya, and North Korea also helped to renew interest in making, in particular, Pakistna's nuclear weapons program more secure from exploitation. The report of the 9/11 Commission also called for continued support for threat reduction assistance to keep weapons of mass destruction (WMD) away from terrorist groups.
Nuclear Threat Reduction Measures for India and Pakistan
Author: Sharon Squassoni
Publisher:
Published: 2011-05-09
Total Pages: 30
ISBN-13: 9781437961454
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Since India and Pakistan tested nuclear weapons in 1998, there has been a debate on whether the U.S. should provide assistance in making those weapons safer and more secure. In the wake of September 11, 2001, interest in this kind of assistance grew for several reasons: the possibility of terrorists gaining access to Pakistan's nuclear weapons seems higher, the U.S. military is forging new relationships with both Pakistan and India in the war on terrorism, and heightened tension in Kashmir in 2002 threatened to push both states closer to the brink of nuclear war. In the 108th Congress, the Nunn-Lugar Expansion Act allowed the Dept. of Defense (DOD) to spend up to $50 million in unobligated funds on cooperative threat reduction (CTR) measures outside the former Soviet Union. In the 109th Congress, it was likely that similar legislation would be introduced again. The Bush admin. used $20 million of CTR funds to dismantle chemical weapons-related items in Albania, but proponents of expanding CTR have mentioned many other countries as possible recipients, such as India, Pakistan, China, North Korea, Iraq, and Libya. This report describes why Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) programs developed for the former Soviet Union are considered models for assistance elsewhere and their potential application in India and Pakistan. The report considers the types of assistance provided under CTR and potential constraints on U.S. assistance in this area, including domestic and international legal and political restrictions on cooperation with states outside the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT); the low level of cooperation and transparency exhibited by India and Pakistan; lack of incentives for India and Pakistan to pursue threat reduction measures; and potentially competing objectives of threat reduction and nuclear deterrence. This is a print on demand report.
Global Threat Reduction
Author: Sharon A. Squassoni
Publisher: Nova Publishers
Published: 2006
Total Pages: 164
ISBN-13: 9781600210808
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Globalizing cooperative threat reduction : a survey of options / Sharon Squassoni -- Nunn-Lugar cooperative threat reduction programs / Amy F. Woolf -- Nuclear threat reduction measures for India and Pakistan / Sharon Squassoni -- Expanding threat reduction and nonproliferation programs / Amy F. Woolf
Nuclear Risk Reduction in South Asia
Author: Michael Krepon
Publisher:
Published: 2003
Total Pages: 352
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Expert Road Map for Reducing Nuclear Dangers in South Asia The advent of nuclear weapons has not made the Indian Subcontinent a safer or a more stable place. Pakistan, in fact, views its nuclear weapons as a great equalizer vis-Ã -vis India's superiority in conventional forces, something which facilitates its support to militancy in Kashmir. Crises over Kashmir have subsequently grown both more frequent and more intense. The two countries clashed in Kargil in 1999 under the nuclear shadow and again fully mobilized their forces during 2002. The sobering fact, however, is that there are no instances of a successful, limited war between nuclear states. The need for reducing the risks of nuclear conflagration in South Asia is therefore urgent and calls for cooperation, political will and wisdom on the parts of Indian and Pakistani leaders and people. Equally, it requires a clear understanding and implementation of measures that can reduce the risk of a nuclear war. In this book, a dozen experts from India, Pakistan and the US provide precisely such a road map
Nuclear Risk Reduction Measures and Restraint Regime in South Asia
Author: Zafar Nawaz Jaspal
Publisher: Manohar Publishers
Published: 2004
Total Pages: 118
ISBN-13: 9788173045691
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This Book Examines The Prospects Of `Nuclear Risk Reduction Measures And A Restraint Regime In South Asia` Which Would Minimize The Risks Of Accidental, Unauthorized, Or Inadvertent Use Of Indian And/Or Pakistani Nuclear Weapons. It Recommends Effective Barriers Against The Danger Of Loose Nukes And Facility-Related Problems. Furthermore, The Book Explains The Nuclear Perils In The South Asian Strategic Environment, Along With Possible Solutions For Viable Nuclear Risk Reduction Measures And A Nuclear Restraint Regime In South Asia.
Managing Nuclear Proliferation
Author: Farah Zahra
Publisher:
Published: 2010
Total Pages: 644
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This thesis examines the evolution of the nuclear deterrence relationship between India and Pakistan since their respective nuclear tests in May 1998. Over the past decade or so several important nuclear developments have taken place in both countries in terms of their strategic discourses, policies and procedures. However, it is evident that nuclear deterrence in South Asia is still evolving and the strategic context in the region remains fluid. To examine the evolution of nuclear deterrence in South Asia the thesis develops and applies an analytical framework derived from the principal factors that influenced nuclear stability during the Cold War in the context of the US-Soviet strategic relationship. In this respect the three core factors are identified as nuclear doctrines, risk reduction measures and arms control. Moreover, achieving nuclear stability during this period necessitated a significant degree of communication between the United States and the Soviet Union. -- The thesis explores developments in the India-Pakistan nuclear relationship since May 1998 through the lens of these three factors. It finds that restricted communication on these issues between the two states undermined the prospects for achieving greater stability in their nuclear relationship. The lack of communication has primarily been a result of the historical animosity between India and Pakistan. The increased role of the United States in the region since the 1990s, where India and Pakistan have tended to communicate more with Washington and less with each other, has in certain circumstances, exacerbated this communication gap. Furthermore, The overt introduction of nuclear weapons to the regional landscape in 1998 has actually lead to a deterioration in strategic communication on the nuclear issue between the two countries with both parties appearing to have reduced the perceived need to improve bilateral nuclear relations.
Not War, Not Peace?
Author: George Perkovich
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2016-08-04
Total Pages: 310
ISBN-13: 0199089701
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The Mumbai blasts of 1993, the attack on the Indian Parliament in 2001, Mumbai 26/11—cross-border terrorism has continued unabated. What can India do to motivate Pakistan to do more to prevent such attacks? In the nuclear times that we live in, where a military counter-attack could escalate to destruction beyond imagination, overt warfare is clearly not an option. But since outright peace-making seems similarly infeasible, what combination of coercive pressure and bargaining could lead to peace? The authors provide, for the first time, a comprehensive assessment of the violent and non-violent options available to India for compelling Pakistan to take concrete steps towards curbing terrorism originating in its homeland. They draw on extensive interviews with senior Indian and Pakistani officials, in service and retired, to explore the challenges involved in compellence and to show how non-violent coercion combined with clarity on the economic, social and reputational costs of terrorism can better motivate Pakistan to pacify groups involved in cross-border terrorism. Not War, Not Peace? goes beyond the much discussed theories of nuclear deterrence and counterterrorism strategy to explore a new approach to resolving old conflicts.
Nuclear Risk Reduction in South Asia
Author: Michael Krepon
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2004-11-26
Total Pages: 277
ISBN-13: 140398168X
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The essys in this collection explore and analyze how to reduce the risk of nuclear war in South Asia. Contributors work to introduce the theory and methodology of nuclear risk reduction, to provide specific measures that might work best in the region, and to consider the consequences of missile defense options for stability in Asia. Much work is needed to recduce nuclear dangers between India and Pakistan. While the fact that both countries possess nuclear weapons may prevent a full-blown conventional or nuclear war, the presence of these weapons in the region may also encourage the use of violence at lower levels expecting escalation to be contained by a mutual desire to avoid the nuclear threshold. One only needs to look at the Kashmir conflict for confirmation of this paradox, with serious crises coming more frequently with more severity since the nuclear tests of 1998. Sustained efforts along the line suggested by the contributors of this volume are a crucial step toward reducing nuclear risk on the Subcontinent.
Confidence Building Measures in South Asia
Author: Dipankar Banerjee
Publisher:
Published: 1999
Total Pages: 216
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Contributed articles presented at a conference.
