Principles of Nuclear Structure and Function

Principles of Nuclear Structure and Function PDF

Author: P. R. Cook

Publisher: Wiley-Liss

Published: 2001-04-24

Total Pages: 376

ISBN-13:

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The nucleus guides the life processes of the cell by directing cellular reproduction, differentiation during development, and metabolism. The study of the structure and function of the nucleus along with its genetic material serves as the foundation for the science of genetics. Principles of Nuclear Structure and Function provides a comprehensive overview of the cell nucleus by illustrating the connection between function and the architecture of the nucleus. Richly illustrated throughout, each chapter includes an overview, detailed examples, summary points, references, and callout boxes highlighting methods and cutting-edge technology. The appendix provides a useful list of related Web sites. Some of the subjects reviewed within Principles of Nuclear Structure and Function include: * Nuclear structure, replication, damage, and repair * Regulation of gene expression * The cell cycle * Meiosis and recombination This timely volume presents functional studies within their proper structural context and is an informative profile of the cell and molecular biology in nuclei and chromatin. For those studying cell biology, along with molecular and cell biologists, geneticists, and reproductive biologists, Principles of Nuclear Structure and Function is a definitive resource. Visit www.wiley.com/cook for supplementary information, including additional Web resources, downloadable figures, and discussion questions.

The Nucleus, Second Edition

The Nucleus, Second Edition PDF

Author: Ana Pombo

Publisher:

Published: 2021-09

Total Pages: 300

ISBN-13: 9781621823896

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The nucleus is the most prominent structure in eukaryotic cells. It houses the cell's DNA and is the hub for DNA replication, transcription, and RNA processing. Despite its prominence and importance, our understanding of how the nucleus and its DNA are organized in space and time--and the implications of that organization for proper function--has lagged behind that of other cellular structures. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology covers recent advances in our understanding of nuclear organization and function. The contributors discuss the 3D organization of chromatin, the various nuclear bodies and compartments that have been identified, and the roles of RNA and actin in shaping nuclear organization, as well as how these structures interact with each other and with peripheral features (e.g., the nuclear pore complex and inner nuclear membrane proteins) to carry out the work of the nucleus. Insights into DNA replication timing and RNA processing dynamics based on new technologies aimed at examining chromatin and other intranuclear structures at high resolution are also included. Multiple chapters are devoted to physiological and disease processes involving disruption of nuclear structure and function (e.g., viral infection). This volume is therefore essential reading for all cell and molecular biologists, as well as pathologists interested in the role of nuclear architecture in disease.

Nuclear Physics

Nuclear Physics PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 1999-03-31

Total Pages: 222

ISBN-13: 0309173663

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Dramatic progress has been made in all branches of physics since the National Research Council's 1986 decadal survey of the field. The Physics in a New Era series explores these advances and looks ahead to future goals. The series includes assessments of the major subfields and reports on several smaller subfields, and preparation has begun on an overview volume on the unity of physics, its relationships to other fields, and its contributions to national needs. Nuclear Physics is the latest volume of the series. The book describes current activity in understanding nuclear structure and symmetries, the behavior of matter at extreme densities, the role of nuclear physics in astrophysics and cosmology, and the instrumentation and facilities used by the field. It makes recommendations on the resources needed for experimental and theoretical advances in the coming decade.

Aspects of Nuclear Structure and Function

Aspects of Nuclear Structure and Function PDF

Author: K Leon

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1974-01-01

Total Pages: 476

ISBN-13: 0323148999

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Aspects of Nuclear Structure and Function deals with various aspects of nuclear structure and function and covers topics ranging from the ultrastructure of the female gamete to the structure, biochemistry, and functions of the nuclear envelope. Banding patterns in chromosomes, histones and nonhistone proteins, and the transfer of genetic information in polytene cells are also discussed. This book is comprised of six chapters and begins by presenting a comparative view of some aspects of the ultrastructure of the vegetative (growth) aspects of oogenesis, with emphasis on microtubules, intercellular bridges of differentiating oocytes, and vitellogenesis as well as accessory structures of the egg envelope. The following chapters explore the structure, biochemistry, and functions of the nuclear envelope; banding patterns in chromosomes; chromosomal proteins (histones and nonhistone proteins); transfer of genetic information in polytene cells; and the intracellular biology of DNA polymerases in eukaryotic cells, their association with the nucleus, and how this association changes during the mitotic cell cycle. The relationship between eukaryotic DNA polymerases and DNA replication is also examined. This monograph should be a valuable resource for biochemists.

Nuclear Structure and Function

Nuclear Structure and Function PDF

Author: Miguel Berrios

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 659

ISBN-13: 0125641559

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This volume is a comprehensive guide to the methodologies used in the study of structural domains of cell nuclei. The text covers chromatin, the karyoskeleton, the soluble domain, and the nucleolus. It details methods that are used to isolate components from these domains and techniques used to assemble and disassemble nuclear elements. There is also coverage of three-dimensional mapping and localization of nuclear processes. Key Features * Provides a practical laboratory guide for studying cell nuclei * Includes comprehensive and easy-to-follow protocols

From Nucleons to Nucleus

From Nucleons to Nucleus PDF

Author: Jouni Suhonen

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-04-22

Total Pages: 655

ISBN-13: 3540488618

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From Nucleons to Nucleus deals with single-particle and collective features of spherical nuclei. Each nuclear model is introduced and derived in detail. The formalism is then applied to light and medium-heavy nuclei in worked-out examples, and finally the acquired skills are strengthened by a wide selection of exercises, many relating the models to experimental data. Nuclear properties are discussed using particles, holes and quasi-particles. From Nucleons to Nucleus is based on lectures on nuclear physics given by the author, and serves well as a textbook for advanced students. Researchers too will appreciate it as a well-balanced reference to theoretical nuclear physics.

The Cell: A Very Short Introduction

The Cell: A Very Short Introduction PDF

Author: Terence Allen

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2011-09-29

Total Pages: 160

ISBN-13: 0191620262

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All living things on Earth are composed of cells. A cell is the simplest unit of a self-contained living organism, and the vast majority of life on Earth consists of single-celled microbes, mostly bacteria. These consist of a simple 'prokaryotic' cell, with no nucleus. The bodies of more complex plants and animals consist of billions of 'eukaryotic' cells, of varying kinds, adapted to fill different roles - red blood cells, muscle cells, branched neurons. Each cell is an astonishingly complex chemical factory, the activities of which we have only begun to unravel in the past fifty years or so through modern techniques of microscopy, biochemistry, and molecular biology. In this Very Short Introduction, Terence Allen and Graham Cowling describe the nature of cells - their basic structure, their varying forms, their division, their differentiation from initially highly flexible stem cells, their signalling, and programmed death. Cells are the basic constituent of life, and understanding cells and how they work is central to all biology and medicine. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Relativistic Density Functional for Nuclear Structure

Relativistic Density Functional for Nuclear Structure PDF

Author: Jie Meng

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2016-01-11

Total Pages: 716

ISBN-13: 981473327X

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This book aims to provide a detailed introduction to the state-of-the-art covariant density functional theory, which follows the Lorentz invariance from the very beginning and is able to describe nuclear many-body quantum systems microscopically and self-consistently. Covariant density functional theory was introduced in nuclear physics in the 1970s and has since been developed and used to describe the diversity of nuclear properties and phenomena with great success. In order to provide an advanced and updated textbook of covariant density functional theory for graduate students and nuclear physics researchers, this book summarizes the enormous amount of material that has accumulated in the field of covariant density functional theory over the last few decades as well as the latest developments in this area. Moreover, the book contains enough details for readers to follow the formalism and theoretical results, and provides exhaustive references to explore the research literature. Contents:Concept of Covariant Density Functional Theory (P Ring)Relativistic Mean-Field Theory (J Meng, P Ring and P W Zhao)Relativistic Mean Field Description of Exotic Nuclei (J Meng, P Ring, P W Zhao and S G Zhou)Relativistic Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov Theory: Ground States and Excitations (W H Long, J Meng and N Van Giai)Superheavy Nuclei and Fission Barriers (B N Lu, J Zhao, E G Zhao and S G Zhou)Relativistic Symmetries in Nuclear Single-Particle Spectra (J Y Guo, H Z Liang, J Meng and S-G Zhou)Structure of Hypernuclei in Relativistic Approaches (K Hagino and J M Yao)Rotating Nuclei: From Ground State to the Extremes of Spin and Deformation (A V Afanasjev)Novel Rotational Excitations (J Meng, S Q Zhang and P W Zhao)Small Amplitude Motion (N Paar and Y Niu)Nuclear Shell Structure and Response with Quasiparticle-Vibration Coupling (E Litvinova and P Ring)Beyond the Relativistic Mean-Field Approximation — Collective Correlations (Z P Li, T Nikšić, D Vretenar and J M Yao)Heavy Element in Astrophysical Nucleosynthesis (B H Sun and Z M Niu)Relativistic Density Functional Theory for Finite Nuclei and Neutron Stars (J Piekarewicz)Relativistic Versus Non-Relativistic Mean Field (P-G Reinhard) Readership: Graduate students in nuclear physics, nuclear physicists; theoretical physicists interested in the study of quantum many body problems. Key Features:This book focuses on the covariant version of density functional theory, summarizes the latest developments as well as the enormous amount of material that has accumulated over the last few decades, and provides a comprehensive overview of its development and applications for nuclear structureThis book contains enough details for a beginner in nuclear physics to follow the formalism and theoretical results, and provides exhaustive references to explore the research literatureThe authors include all the experts in this field including many world-leading scientists from China, Europe, Japan, and United StatesKeywords:Covariant Density Functional Theory;Relativistic Mean-Field;Pairing Correlations;Exotic Nucleus;Hartree(–Fock)–Bogoliubov Theory;Relativistic Symmetries;Superheavy Nuclei;Fission;Hypernuclei;Well-Deformed and Superdeformed Rotational Excitation;Electric and Magnetic Rotation;Collective Excitations;Small Amplitude Motion;Quasiparticle-Vibration Coupling;Beyond Mean-Field Approximation;Astrophysical Nucleosynthesis;Neutron Star

The Nucleus

The Nucleus PDF

Author: Ronald Hancock

Publisher: Humana Press

Published: 2014-10-14

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781493916795

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This volume presents detailed, recently-developed protocols ranging from isolation of nuclei to purification of chromatin regions containing single genes, with a particular focus on some less well-explored aspects of the nucleus. The methods described include new strategies for isolation of nuclei, for purification of cell type-specific nuclei from a mixture, and for rapid isolation and fractionation of nucleoli. For gene delivery into and expression in nuclei, a novel gentle approach using gold nanowires is presented. As the concentration and localization of water and ions are crucial for macromolecular interactions in the nucleus, a new approach to measure these parameters by correlative optical and cryo-electron microscopy is described. The Nucleus, Second Edition presents methods and software for high-throughput quantitative analysis of 3D fluorescence microscopy images, for quantification of the formation of amyloid fibrils in the nucleus, and for quantitative analysis of chromosome territory localization. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, The Nucleus, Second Edition seeks to serve both professionals and novices with its well-honed methods for the study of the nucleus.