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The Natural Origins of Economics

Author: Margaret Schabas

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Published: 2009-05-15

Total Pages: 208

ISBN-13: 0226735710

References to the economy are ubiquitous in modern life, and virtually every facet of human activity has capitulated to market mechanisms. In the early modern period, however, there was no common perception of the economy, and discourses on money, trade, and commerce treated economic phenomena as properties of physical nature. Only in the early nineteenth century did economists begin to posit and identify the economy as a distinct object, divorcing it from natural processes and attaching it exclusively to human laws and agency. In The Natural Origins of Economics, Margaret Schabas traces the emergence and transformation of economics in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries from a natural to a social science. Focusing on the works of several prominent economists—David Hume, Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus, David Ricardo, and John Stuart Mill—Schabas examines their conceptual debt to natural science and thus locates the evolution of economic ideas within the history of science. An ambitious study, The Natural Origins of Economics will be of interest to economists, historians, and philosophers alike.

The New Economy of Nature

Author: Gretchen Cara Daily

Publisher: Island Press

Published: 2012-09-26

Total Pages: 250

ISBN-13: 1610910966

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Why shouldn't people who deplete our natural assets have to pay, and those who protect them reap profits? Conservation-minded entrepreneurs and others around the world are beginning to ask just that question, as the increasing scarcity of natural resources becomes a tangible threat to our own lives and our hopes for our children. The New Economy of Nature brings together Gretchen Daily, one of the world's leading ecologists, with Katherine Ellison, a Pulitzer-prize winning journalist, to offer an engaging and informative look at a new "new economy" -- a system recognizing the economic value of natural systems and the potential profits in protecting them.Through engaging stories from around the world, the authors introduce readers to a diverse group of people who are pioneering new approaches to conservation. We meet Adam Davis, an American business executive who dreams of establishing a market for buying and selling "ecosystem service units;" John Wamsley, a former math professor in Australia who has found a way to play the stock market and protect native species at the same time; and Dan Janzen, a biologist working in Costa Rica who devised a controversial plan to sell a conservation area's natural waste-disposal services to a local orange juice producer. Readers also visit the Catskill Mountains, where the City of New York purchased undeveloped land instead of building an expensive new water treatment facility; and King County, Washington, where county executive Ron Sims has dedicated himself to finding ways of "making the market move" to protect the county's remaining open space.Daily and Ellison describe the dynamic interplay of science, economics, business, and politics that is involved in establishing these new approaches and examine what will be needed to create successful models and lasting institutions for conservation. The New Economy of Nature presents a fundamentally new way of thinking about the environment and about the economy, and with its fascinating portraits of charismatic pioneers, it is as entertaining as it is informative.

Natural Economy

Author: Fouad Sabry

Publisher: One Billion Knowledgeable

Published: 2024-01-09

Total Pages: 409

ISBN-13:

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What is Natural Economy The natural economy is a form of economic system in which the transfer of resources among individuals does not include the use of monetary exchange. Direct trading, entitlement by law, or sharing out according to historic custom are all examples of methods that are utilized in this system for the distribution of resources. In the more intricate kinds of natural economies, certain items may serve as a referent for fair bartering; nevertheless, in general, currency plays only a tiny role in the process of resource allocation. The majority of the items that are created in a natural economy system are not produced with the intention of exchanging them; rather, they are produced for the purpose of direct consumption by the producers themselves, which is referred to as subsistence. Therefore, natural economies have a tendency to be self-sufficient, meaning that all of the items that are consumed are produced within the country. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Natural economy Chapter 2: Capitalism Chapter 3: Capital (economics) Chapter 4: Commodity fetishism Chapter 5: Economic system Chapter 6: Exchange value Chapter 7: History of capitalist theory Chapter 8: Reproduction (economics) Chapter 9: Law of value Chapter 10: Unearned income Chapter 11: Merchant capitalism Chapter 12: Economy Chapter 13: Commodity (Marxism) Chapter 14: The Origin of Capitalism Chapter 15: Value-form Chapter 16: Spheres of exchange Chapter 17: Perspectives on capitalism by school of thought Chapter 18: Marxian economics Chapter 19: Proletariat Chapter 20: Crisis theory Chapter 21: Criticism of value-form (II) Answering the public top questions about natural economy. (III) Real world examples for the usage of natural economy in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of natural economy.

Encyclopedia of Energy, Natural Resource, and Environmental Economics

Author:

Publisher: Newnes

Published: 2013-03-29

Total Pages: 1056

ISBN-13: 0080964524

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Every decision about energy involves its price and cost. The price of gasoline and the cost of buying from foreign producers; the price of nuclear and hydroelectricity and the costs to our ecosystems; the price of electricity from coal-fired plants and the cost to the atmosphere. Giving life to inventions, lifestyle changes, geopolitical shifts, and things in-between, energy economics is of high interest to Academia, Corporations and Governments. For economists, energy economics is one of three subdisciplines which, taken together, compose an economic approach to the exploitation and preservation of natural resources: energy economics, which focuses on energy-related subjects such as renewable energy, hydropower, nuclear power, and the political economy of energy resource economics, which covers subjects in land and water use, such as mining, fisheries, agriculture, and forests environmental economics, which takes a broader view of natural resources through economic concepts such as risk, valuation, regulation, and distribution Although the three are closely related, they are not often presented as an integrated whole. This Encyclopedia has done just that by unifying these fields into a high-quality and unique overview. The only reference work that codifies the relationships among the three subdisciplines: energy economics, resource economics and environmental economics. Understanding these relationships just became simpler! Nobel Prize Winning Editor-in-Chief (joint recipient 2007 Peace Prize), Jason Shogren, has demonstrated excellent team work again, by coordinating and steering his Editorial Board to produce a cohesive work that guides the user seamlessly through the diverse topics This work contains in equal parts information from and about business, academic, and government perspectives and is intended to serve as a tool for unifying and systematizing research and analysis in business, universities, and government

Nature's Economy

Author: Donald Worster

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1994-06-24

Total Pages: 528

ISBN-13: 9780521468343

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Nature's Economy is a wide-ranging investigation of ecology's past, first published in 1994.

Natural Capital and Human Economic Survival, Second Edition

Author: Thomas Prugh

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1999-05-20

Total Pages: 210

ISBN-13: 9781420048322

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Most people love nature and consider themselves environmentalists, but nature isn't just pretty and lovable, it is indispensable to our survival and economic activity. That is the most compelling reason for environmental protection. The conventional economic wisdom views land (natural capital) as a small part of the economy, along with capital, labor, technology and so on. The authors argue that this is backwards: that the economy nests within the environment (land) and not the other way around. The authors give a brief history of the origins of conventional economic wisdom and critique it from a the standpoint of ecological economics. They explain what natural capital -our life support system - is and does, and describe the severe strains that have been put on it. They conclude with some policy options, such as green taxes and suggestions for personal action that would conserve natural capital and thus make conserve resources for present and future generations. Natural Capital and Human Economic Survival is written for environmentalists, environmental studies majors and anyone concerned about the flaws of mainstream economics - how it has led us into unsustainable ways of living - and who would like to learn about alternatives that are more sustainable.

Nature

Author: Geerat Vermeij

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2009-02-09

Total Pages: 460

ISBN-13: 1400826497

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From humans to hermit crabs to deep water plankton, all living things compete for locally limiting resources. This universal truth unites three bodies of thought--economics, evolution, and history--that have developed largely in mutual isolation. Here, Geerat Vermeij undertakes a groundbreaking and provocative exploration of the facts and theories of biology, economics, and geology to show how processes common to all economic systems--competition, cooperation, adaptation, and feedback--govern evolution as surely as they do the human economy, and how historical patterns in both human and nonhuman evolution follow from this principle. Using a wealth of examples of evolutionary innovations, Vermeij argues that evolution and economics are one. Powerful consumers and producers exercise disproportionate controls on the characteristics, activities, and distribution of all life forms. Competition-driven demand by consumers, when coupled with supply-side conditions permitting economic growth, leads to adaptation and escalation among organisms. Although disruptions in production halt or reverse these processes temporarily, they amplify escalation in the long run to produce trends in all economic systems toward greater power, higher production rates, and a wider reach for economic systems and their strongest members. Despite our unprecedented power to shape our surroundings, we humans are subject to all the economic principles and historical trends that emerged at life's origin more than 3 billion years ago. Engagingly written, brilliantly argued, and sweeping in scope, Nature: An Economic History shows that the human institutions most likely to preserve opportunity and adaptability are, after all, built like successful living things.

Nature's Economy

Author: Donald Worster

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1994-06-24

Total Pages: 528

ISBN-13: 1107268419

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Nature's Economy is a wide-ranging investigation of ecology's past, first published in 1994. It traces the origins of the concept, discusses the thinkers who have shaped it, and shows how it in turn has shaped the modern perception of our place in nature. Our view of the living world is a product of culture, and the development of ecology since the eighteenth century has closely reflected society's changing concerns. Donald Worster focuses on these dramatic shifts in outlook and on the individuals whose work has expressed and influenced society's point of view. The book includes portraits of Linnaeus, Gilbert White, Darwin, Thoreau, and such key twentieth-century ecologists as Rachel Carson, Frederic Clements, Aldo Leopold, James Lovelock, and Eugene Odum.

The Economics of Natural Resource Use

Author: John M. Hartwick

Publisher: HarperCollins Publishers

Published: 1986

Total Pages: 554

ISBN-13:

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This text is an examination of the economics of using natural resources in the modern economy. Presenting economic concepts essential to examining how resources can be sustained, extracted and harvested extensive use is made of diagrams and accompanying algebraic models.

Scarcity and Frontiers

Author: Edward B. Barbier

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-12-23

Total Pages: 767

ISBN-13: 1139493469

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Throughout much of history, a critical driving force behind global economic development has been the response of society to the scarcity of key natural resources. Increasing scarcity raises the cost of exploiting existing natural resources and creates incentives in all economies to innovate and conserve more of these resources. However, economies have also responded to increasing scarcity by obtaining and developing more of these resources. Since the agricultural transition over 12,000 years ago, this exploitation of new 'frontiers' has often proved to be a pivotal human response to natural resource scarcity. This book provides a fascinating account of the contribution that natural resource exploitation has made to economic development in key eras of world history. This not only fills an important gap in the literature on economic history but also shows how we can draw lessons from these past epochs for attaining sustainable economic development in the world today.