Nanofiber Filter Technologies for Filtration of Submicron Aerosols and Nanoaerosols

Nanofiber Filter Technologies for Filtration of Submicron Aerosols and Nanoaerosols PDF

Author: Wallace Woon-Fong Leung

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2021-10-30

Total Pages: 572

ISBN-13: 0323859852

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Nanofiber Filter Technologies for Filtration of Submicron Aerosols and Nanoaerosols covers the nanoaerosols (less than 100 nanometers) to larger submicron aerosols due mostly to pollution, which are present in high number concentration in our surroundings. People are breathing these nanoaerosols daily without being aware of it. Airborne viruses from flu to coronaviruses are also nanoaerosols. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it took a long time for health authorities and the General Public to recognize the airborne transmission mode of the virus. This leads to inadequate protection and ineffective virus control strategies resulting in high infection and death rates. The book cites evidence and observations pointing to the airborne transmission mode of the coronavirus. It also discusses different filtration technologies using nanofibers to capture these aerosols for short-term filtration, where aerosols are trapped in the filter (depth filtration), and long-term filtration, where aerosols are trapped in the growing filter cake (cake filtration). This book provides a good understanding on how nanofibers, which is of size 1/1000 times that of a normal human hair, can effectively filter these tiny aerosols. NFT, organized in four sections – fundamentals, deep understanding, technologies, and application, covering comprehensively on the subject, is a valuable resource for undergraduates and graduates, engineers, researchers and practitioners in related industries. Describes technologies with insight and use basic engineering principles to build-up technologies Includes extensive clear and understandable figures and tables to enhance key concepts Uses examples throughout to explain engineering principles and interdisciplinary concepts The only book in the market focusing on nanofiber filter technologies for filtering submicron aerosols and nanoaerosols

Backpulse and Backblow Cleaning of Nanofiber Filter Loaded with Nano-aerosols

Backpulse and Backblow Cleaning of Nanofiber Filter Loaded with Nano-aerosols PDF

Author: Wing Yi Curie Hau

Publisher:

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 98

ISBN-13:

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For multilayer nanofiber filter, two inhomogeneous filters have been tested. One filter was made from a combo filter with a thickermicrofiber layer upstream and a thinner nanofiber layer downstream. The second filter was made from a nanofiber layer with mean fiber diameter of 280nm located upstream and another nanofiber layer with mean fiber diameter of 180nm located downstream. The cleaning effectiveness of the multilayer nanofiber filter was compared with a filter with only single nanofiber layer. The multi-layering configurationcan reduce the skin effect during aerosolloading, however, during cleaning with reversed flowthe downstream microfiber layer provided damping to the cleaning jet undermining the cleaning effectiveness on the upstream nanofiberlayer when compared to the case with regenerating only single nanofiber layer filter. For the filter with two nanofiberlayers, the downstream nanofiber layer enhanced the recapture of loosen particles during cleaning. Further, the presence of the downstream nanofiber layer also compromised the cleaning effectiveness of the nanofiber upstream layerduring reverse flow cleaning. Cyclic filtration, involving both loading and cleaning, have been carried out in both single-layer and multilayer nanofiber filters. Both filter configurations have shown stable behavior in which the growth in residual pressure drop and the decrease in filtration cycle time were present primarily in the first filtration cycle (i.e. the conditioning phase) and subsequently both variables remained relatively constant thereafter. The pressure versus time during loading wasconvex upward for the first loading cycle (at times linear), but changed over to concave downward in subsequent cycles. This isdue to the dead pores of the filter being prefilledwith aerosols after the first loading and cleaning cycle.

Aerosol Filtration

Aerosol Filtration PDF

Author: Dominique Thomas

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2016-11-30

Total Pages: 228

ISBN-13: 008102116X

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Filtration of aerosols is omnipresent in our daily lives, in areas as diverse as health, the protection of people and the environment, and air treatment inside buildings. However, the collection of particles within a filter media is not, contrary to popular belief, linked to a simple screen effect. The phenomena involved are much more complex and require the consideration of aerosol interactions, filter media and process conditions to select the best fiber filter for a given application. Aerosol Filtration, book for students, hygiene or process engineers, fibrous media manufacturers, designers, and filtration system suppliers or users addresses the filtration of aerosols in six chapters. These chapters cover physics and aerosol characterization, the fibrous media, and efficiency and filter clogging by solid or liquid aerosols, with special attention to the filtration of the nanoparticles. Analyses the behavior of fibrous media against solid and liquid aerosols Presents models of efficiency and pressure drop Introduces computing elements for estimating the lifetime of filters Provides guidance for designing filters and predicting their behavior over time

Nanoaerosols, Air Filtering and Respiratory Protection

Nanoaerosols, Air Filtering and Respiratory Protection PDF

Author: Katarzyna Majchrzycka

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2020-08-02

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 1000164144

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Recent toxicological studies show that nanoparticles released in technological processes and combustion processes outside industry can be dangerous for humans especially when entering the body through the mouth and nose. In connection with the above, the use of adequately effective respiratory protection equipment is of great importance in prophylactic and preventive activities. The first part of Nanoaerosols, Air Filtering and Respiratory Protection: Science and Practice refers to the general phenomena of filtration described on the basis of the authors’ own experience and international reports. The book also includes a description of the respiratory system and principles of its functioning and the accumulation of aerosol particles. It goes on to discuss technological innovations regarding the production of filtering materials for protection against nanoparticles and the latest test methods. Finally, the book contains information about the proper selection and use of respiratory protective devices against airborne nanoparticles in the workplace and everyday life. Special attention is paid to proper fit procedures as well as use and maintenance activities of such devices. The content of the book with rich illustrative material has been presented so that it can be used by health and safety experts, students as well as employers, employees and private users of respiratory protective devices. "Through a comprehensive approach to the subject of the work, the authors present theoretical foundations as well as practical solutions that are used in the research and development of personal respiratory protection. The complementarity of the information contained in the book will allow the reader to become familiar with a wide range of knowledge related to the design and manufacture as well as assessment of properties and procedures for the use of respiratory protection against the adverse effects of aerosols, including air contaminated with nanoparticles and microparticles. In my opinion the book is a valuable part of the series Occupational Safety, Health, and Ergonomics: Theory and Practice, published by Taylor & Francis." —Maciej Boguń, ŁUKASIEWICZ – The Textile Research Institute, Łódź

Nanoaerosols, Air Filtering and Respiratory Protection

Nanoaerosols, Air Filtering and Respiratory Protection PDF

Author: Katarzyna Majchrzycka

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2020-08-02

Total Pages: 235

ISBN-13: 1000164128

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Recent toxicological studies show that nanoparticles released in technological processes and combustion processes outside industry can be dangerous for humans especially when entering the body through the mouth and nose. In connection with the above, the use of adequately effective respiratory protection equipment is of great importance in prophylactic and preventive activities. The first part of Nanoaerosols, Air Filtering and Respiratory Protection: Science and Practice refers to the general phenomena of filtration described on the basis of the authors’ own experience and international reports. The book also includes a description of the respiratory system and principles of its functioning and the accumulation of aerosol particles. It goes on to discuss technological innovations regarding the production of filtering materials for protection against nanoparticles and the latest test methods. Finally, the book contains information about the proper selection and use of respiratory protective devices against airborne nanoparticles in the workplace and everyday life. Special attention is paid to proper fit procedures as well as use and maintenance activities of such devices. The content of the book with rich illustrative material has been presented so that it can be used by health and safety experts, students as well as employers, employees and private users of respiratory protective devices. "Through a comprehensive approach to the subject of the work, the authors present theoretical foundations as well as practical solutions that are used in the research and development of personal respiratory protection. The complementarity of the information contained in the book will allow the reader to become familiar with a wide range of knowledge related to the design and manufacture as well as assessment of properties and procedures for the use of respiratory protection against the adverse effects of aerosols, including air contaminated with nanoparticles and microparticles. In my opinion the book is a valuable part of the series Occupational Safety, Health, and Ergonomics: Theory and Practice, published by Taylor & Francis." —Maciej Boguń, ŁUKASIEWICZ – The Textile Research Institute, Łódź

Advances in Aerosol Gas Filtration

Advances in Aerosol Gas Filtration PDF

Author: Kvetoslav R. Spurny

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 1998-03-27

Total Pages: 564

ISBN-13: 9780873718301

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Aerosols are generally associated with damaging effects to the ozone and human health, however, some aerosols enable productions of very clean, highly dispersed materials. Advances in Aerosol Filtration is dedicated to progress in aerosol science, presenting newly developed theories, filtration models, and novel applications of aerosol gas filtration. Topics include new filtration materials, filter testing methods, electrically enhanced filtration, mechanical and chemical filter resistivity, computational models, and much more. This book examines the history and development of aerosol filtration science and also considers research needs for the future.

Nanofiber Filter Media for Air Filtration

Nanofiber Filter Media for Air Filtration PDF

Author: Bharath Kumar Raghavan

Publisher:

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 204

ISBN-13:

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Nanofibers have higher capture efficiencies in comparison to microfibers in the submicron particle size range of 100-500 nm because of small fiber diameter and increased surface area of the fibers. Pressure drop across the filter increases tremendously with decrease in fiber diameter in the continuum flow regime. Nanofibers with fiber diameter less than 300 nm are in the slip flow regime as a consequence of which steep increase in pressure drop is considerably reduced due to slip effect. The outlet or inlet gases have broad range of particle size distribution varying from few micrometers to nanometers. The economic benefits include capture of a wide range of particle sizes in the gas streams using compact filters composed of nanofibers and microfibers. Electrospinning technique was used to successfully fabricate polymeric and ceramic nanofibers. The nanofibers were long, continuous, and flexible with diameters in the range of 200-300 nm. Nanofibers were added to the filter medium either by mixing microfibers and nanofibers or by directly electrospinning nanofibers as thin layer on the surface of the microfiber filter medium. Experimental results showed that either by mixing Nylon 6 nanofibers with B glass fibers or by electrospinning Nylon 6 nanofibers as a thin layer on the surface of the microfiber medium in the surface area ratio of 1 which is 0.06 g of nanofibers for 2 g of microfibers performed better than microfiber filter media in air filtration tests. This improved performance is consistent with numerical modeling The particle loading on a microfibrous filter were studied for air filtration tests . The experimental and modeling results showed that both pressure drop and capture efficiency increased with loading time. Nanofiber filter media has potential applications in many filtration applications and one of them being hot gas filtration. Ceramic nanofibers made of alumina and titania nanofibers can withstand in the range of 1000°C. Ceramic nanofibers filter media were fabricated by mixing alumina microfibers (SAFFIL) and alumina nanofibers. The appropriate binders were tested for ceramic filter media. The ceramic filter media were tested for aerosol filtration.

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