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Monitoring and Predicting Agricultural Drought

Author: Vijendra K. Boken

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2005-04-14

Total Pages: 495

ISBN-13: 0198036787

Agricultural droughts affect whole societies, leading to higher food costs, threatened economies, and even famine. In order to mitigate such effects, researchers must first be able to monitor them, and then predict them; however no book currently focuses on accurate monitoring or prediction of these devastating kinds of droughts. To fill this void, the editors of Monitoring and Predicting Agricultural Drought have assembled a team of expert contributors from all continents to make a global study, describing biometeorological models and monitoring methods for agricultural droughts. These models and methods note the relationships between precipitation, soil moisture, and crop yields, using data gathered from conventional and remote sensing techniques. The coverage of the book includes probabilistic models and techniques used in America, Europe and the former USSR, Africa, Asia, and Australia, and it concludes with coverage of climate change and resultant shifts in agricultural productivity, drought early warning systems, and famine mitigation. This will be an essential collection for those who must advise governments or international organizations on the current scope, likelihood, and impact of agricultural droughts. Sponsored by the World Meterological Organization

Remote Sensing of Drought

Author: Brian D. Wardlow

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2012-04-24

Total Pages: 487

ISBN-13: 1439835578

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Remote Sensing of Drought: Innovative Monitoring Approaches presents emerging remote sensing-based tools and techniques that can be applied to operational drought monitoring and early warning around the world. The first book to focus on remote sensing and drought monitoring, it brings together a wealth of information that has been scattered throughout the literature and across many disciplines. Featuring contributions by leading scientists, it assembles a cross-section of globally applicable techniques that are currently operational or have potential to be operational in the near future. The book explores a range of applications for monitoring four critical components of the hydrological cycle related to drought: vegetation health, evapotranspiration, soil moisture and groundwater, and precipitation. These applications use remotely sensed optical, thermal, microwave, radar, and gravity data from instruments such as AMSR-E, GOES, GRACE, MERIS, MODIS, and Landsat and implement several advanced modeling and data assimilation techniques. Examples show how to integrate this information into routine drought products. The book also examines the role of satellite remote sensing within traditional drought monitoring, as well as current challenges and future prospects. Improving drought monitoring is becoming increasingly important in addressing a wide range of societal issues, from food security and water scarcity to human health, ecosystem services, and energy production. This unique book surveys innovative remote sensing approaches to provide you with new perspectives on large-area drought monitoring and early warning.

Drought

Author: Justin Sheffield

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2012-11-12

Total Pages: 250

ISBN-13: 1136540407

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Drought is one of the likely consequences of climate change in many regions of the world. Together with an increased demand for water resources to supply the world's growing population, it represents a potentially disastrous threat to water supplies, agriculture and food production, leading to famine and environmental degradation. Yet predicting drought is fraught with difficulty. The aim of this book is to provide a review of the historical occurrence of global drought, particularly during the 20th century and assess the likely potential changes over the 21st century under climate change. This includes documentation of the occurrence and impacts of major 20th century drought events and analysis of the contributing climatic and environmental factors that act to force, prolong and dissipate drought. Contemporary drought is placed in the context of climate variability since the last ice age, including the many severe and lengthy drought events that contributed to the demise of great civilizations, the disappearance of lakes and rivers, and the conversion of forests to deserts. The authors discuss the developing field of drought monitoring and seasonal forecasting and describe how this is vital for identifying emerging droughts and for providing timely warning to help reduce the impacts. The book provides a broad overview of large scale drought, from historic events such as the US Dust Bowl and African Sahel, and places this in the context of climate variability and change. The work is soundly based on detailed research that has looked at drought occurrence over the 20th century, global drought monitoring, modelling and seasonal prediction, and future projections from climate models.

Developing a Real-time Agricultural Drought Monitoring System for Delaware

Author: Steven Michael Quiring

Publisher:

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 104

ISBN-13:

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Droughts And Agricultural Production: Monitoring And Management

Author: G.G.S.N.Rao

Publisher: New India Publishing Agency

Published: 2015-08-20

Total Pages: 10

ISBN-13: 9385516000

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Drought is considered to be a normal feature of climate especially in tropical countries where occurrence of periods of dry weather during rainy season is common. Virtually droughts can occur in all climates and they can also be witnessed when the air temperatures are higher than the normal for a longer period that increases both evaporation and water deficit. 1. The first deals with the introduction to the topic, historical evidences of drought and famines in India. 2. The definition of droughts, criteria for classification of droughts, drought indices based on rainfall, climate derivatives and remote sensing are covered under two. 3. Information on climate change with respects to climate trends, projections on temperature and rainfall at global as well at national level, consequences of climate change on droughts are presented in there. 4. Approaches on drought monitoring, adopted by various countries, international cooperation in drought monitoring and drought monitoring mechanism in India are presented in four. Decision Support Systems and applications of GIS for drought monitoring are also covered in this . 5. World food production and its variability, the impact of phenomenal drought during 2009 on food grain production in different countries, impacts of droughts on livestock, milk and fisheries production are covered under five. 6. Global surface waters, availability of surface waters in India, influence of drought on fauna and flora of surface waters and global warming on water resources at global and national level is discussed in – six. 7. Drought management strategies, drought planning and preparedness action plans at global as well at national level, indigenous knowledge on drought management, astrological techniques in weather forecasting and traditional wisdom on management of droughts in different nomadic communities in Asia and Africa are covered in seven. eight carries the conclusion of the entire book. Book will be useful to the students and research scholars of Agrometeorology, Meteorology and Geography and all Research Scientists dealing with NRM.

Handbook of Drought Indicators and Indices

Author: Mark D. Svoboda

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 56

ISBN-13:

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Hydrological Drought

Author: Lena M. Tallaksen

Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 634

ISBN-13: 9780444516886

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The majority of the examples are taken from regions where the rivers run most of the year.

Methods and Tools for Drought Analysis and Management

Author: Giuseppe Rossi

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-07-26

Total Pages: 418

ISBN-13: 1402059248

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Frequent drought events have recently occurred in different Mediterranean regions. These have highlighted a general inadequacy of the current strategies applied to mitigate negative impacts of such phenomenon. This book provides various methods of drought monitoring at different spatial scales, as well as innovative drought forecasting techniques based on stochastic approaches. Besides common drought indices (i.e. SPI), new agrometeorological indices are proposed.

Spatio-temporal characterisation of drought: data analytics, modelling, tracking, impact and prediction

Author: Vitali Diaz Mercado

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2022-02-10

Total Pages: 161

ISBN-13: 1000612813

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Studies of drought have increased in light of new data availability and advances in spatio-temporal analysis. However, the following gaps still need to be filled: 1) methods to characterise drought that explicitly consider its spatio-temporal features, such as spatial extent (area) and pathway; 2) methods to monitor and predict drought that include the above-mentioned characteristics and 3) approaches for visualising and analysing drought characteristics to facilitate interpretation of its variation. This research aims to explore, analyse and propose improvements to the spatio-temporal characterisation of drought. Outcomes provide new perspectives towards better prediction. The following objectives were proposed. 1) Improve the methodology for characterising drought based on the phenomenon’s spatial features. 2) Develop a visual approach to analysing drought variations. 3) Develop a methodology for spatial drought tracking. 4) Explore machine learning (ML) techniques to predict crop-yield responses to drought. The four objectives were addressed and results are presented. Finally, a scope was formulated for integrating ML and the spatio-temporal analysis of drought. Proposed scope opens a new area of potential for drought prediction (i.e. predicting spatial drought tracks and areas). It is expected that the drought tracking and prediction method will help populations cope with drought and its severe impacts.

Soil Moisture-based Drought Monitoring in Rangeland Ecosystems

Author: Tegenu Ashagrie Engda

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 103

ISBN-13: 9781369094091

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Drought is a recurrent natural hazard with important ecological and socio-economic impacts. Soil water content has high potential as a drought indicator because it constitutes an integrated measure of incoming and outgoing water fluxes for the root zone. To explore the role of soil water in drought monitoring and prediction, three separate studies were conducted using measured and modeled soil water data within rangeland ecosystems. The first study introduced a flexible drought lag time parameter that allowed for successful drought monitoring at different time frames, ranging from short-term agricultural drought to long-term hydrological drought. The second study examines the importance of rainfall, soil water and evapotranspiration as herbage biomass predictors. Soil water values in April were accurate predictors of herbage biomass, indicating that soil moisture is a good predictor of drought as it provides information at the onset of the growing season. Finally, a one-dimensional vertical numerical model for coupled water flow and heat transport was calibrated for a rangeland ecosystem in Wyoming, and applied to calculate historical soil water content using North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP) re-analysis climate data. The historical median soil water content, representing the expected (normal) soil water content during the year, was used to assess drought conditions for the 2011-2015 water years. Soil water anomaly, calculated using the scaled difference between measured and expected soil water content, showed more realistic drought patterns for the 2011-2015 water years than the weekly CPC Crop Moisture Index (CMI). All the studies reveal that soil moisture is useful as a drought monitoring and predictor parameter.