Molecular Basis of Multiple Sclerosis

Molecular Basis of Multiple Sclerosis PDF

Author: Roland Martin

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-09-14

Total Pages: 306

ISBN-13: 3642141536

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Despite major efforts by the scientific community over the years, our understanding of the pathogenesis or the mechanisms of injury of multiple sclerosis is still limited. Consequently, the current strategies for treatment and management of patients are limited in their efficacy. The mechanisms of tissue protection and repair are probably even less understood. One reason for these limitations is the enormous complexity of the disease and every facet of its pathogenesis, the mechanisms of tissue injury, the diagnostic procedures and finally the efficacy of treatments and their side effects. The aim of this book is to review the most recent advances made in this highly complex field.

Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis

Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis PDF

Author: Edwin Wan

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2020-11-25

Total Pages: 182

ISBN-13: 3039435558

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological disorders in young adults. The etiology of MS is not known, but it is generally accepted that it is autoimmune in nature. Our knowledge of the pathogenesis of MS has increased tremendously in the past decade through clinical studies and the use of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model that has been widely used for MS research. Major advances in the field, such as understanding the roles of pathogenic Th17 cells, myeloid cells, and B cells in MS/EAE, as well as cytokine and chemokine signaling that controls neuroinflammation, have led to the development of potential and clinically approved disease-modifying agents (DMAs). There are many aspects related to the initiation, relapse and remission, and progression of MS that are yet to be elucidated. For instance, what are the genetic and environmental risk factors that promote the initiation of MS, and how do these factors impact the immune system? What factors drive the progression of MS, and what are the roles of peripheral immune cells in disease progression? How do the CNS-infiltrated immune cells interact with the CNS-resident glial cells when the disease progresses? What is the role of microbiome in MS? Can we develop animal models that better represent subcategories of MS? Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that govern the pathogenesis of MS will help to develop novel and more specific therapeutic strategies that will ultimately improve clinical outcomes of the treatments. This Special Issue of Cells has published original research articles, a retrospective clinical report, and review articles that investigate the cellular and molecular basis of MS.

Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis

Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis PDF

Author: Edwin Wan

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 182

ISBN-13: 9783039435562

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological disorders in young adults. The etiology of MS is not known, but it is generally accepted that it is autoimmune in nature. Our knowledge of the pathogenesis of MS has increased tremendously in the past decade through clinical studies and the use of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model that has been widely used for MS research. Major advances in the field, such as understanding the roles of pathogenic Th17 cells, myeloid cells, and B cells in MS/EAE, as well as cytokine and chemokine signaling that controls neuroinflammation, have led to the development of potential and clinically approved disease-modifying agents (DMAs). There are many aspects related to the initiation, relapse and remission, and progression of MS that are yet to be elucidated. For instance, what are the genetic and environmental risk factors that promote the initiation of MS, and how do these factors impact the immune system? What factors drive the progression of MS, and what are the roles of peripheral immune cells in disease progression? How do the CNS-infiltrated immune cells interact with the CNS-resident glial cells when the disease progresses? What is the role of microbiome in MS? Can we develop animal models that better represent subcategories of MS? Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that govern the pathogenesis of MS will help to develop novel and more specific therapeutic strategies that will ultimately improve clinical outcomes of the treatments. This Special Issue of Cells has published original research articles, a retrospective clinical report, and review articles that investigate the cellular and molecular basis of MS.

Multiple Sclerosis: Bench to Bedside

Multiple Sclerosis: Bench to Bedside PDF

Author: Alexzander A. A. Asea

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-01-16

Total Pages: 188

ISBN-13: 3319478613

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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one of the main causes of disability in young adult population. The estimated burden of the disease worldwide is about three million people. The pathogenic mechanism of MS involves both auto immune and degenerative processes. These two mechanisms are thought to determine a combination of events leading to several clinical pattern of disease onset and course. Multiple Sclerosis: Bench to Bedside provides the most up-to-date and concise reviews on the critical issues of multiple sclerosis from around the world. This book is written by leaders and experts in the field of multiple sclerosis research and is divided into easy to read sections. Section I focuses on basic science aspects of Multiple Sclerosis, including potential biomarkers, molecular biology, heat shock proteins, oxidative stress, genetic and epigenetics. Section II focuses on clinical and epidemiological aspects of Multiple Sclerosis, including remyelination therapy, neuroplasticity-based technologies and interventions. This is an important reference book and a must-read for Postgraduate Medical Scholars, Basic Science Researchers and Neurologists in Clinical Practice.

Molecular Biology of Multiple Sclerosis

Molecular Biology of Multiple Sclerosis PDF

Author: W. C. Russell

Publisher:

Published: 1997

Total Pages: 328

ISBN-13:

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a devastating demyelinating disease with complex aetiology which defies simple molecular description. Molecular Biology of Multiple Sclerosis provides a compendium of information on the molecular aspects of the disease. It embraces contributions on the biology and pathology of the cells of the central nervous system as well as recent advances in our understanding of the relevant biochemistry, immunology, genetics and virology. With this enhanced knowledge the prospects for transplantation and repair of the damaged myelin as well as approaches to rational therapy are considered. Studies in MS embrace a wide spectrum of disciplines and this volume will be indispensible to neurologist, molecular biologists, biochemists, microbiologists, geneticists and immunologists with an interest in MS.

Emerging Drugs and Targets for Multiple Sclerosis

Emerging Drugs and Targets for Multiple Sclerosis PDF

Author: Ana Martinez

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry

Published: 2019-06-18

Total Pages: 350

ISBN-13: 1788018060

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease with a presumed autoimmune aetiology and few current effective treatments. Disease modifying therapies focus on the altering the natural course of relapsing and remitting MS, targeting the inflammatory response. Other targets involve tacking the cause of the disease – demyelination of axons through remyelination therapies. Due to several recent breakthroughs in the understanding of the pathophysiology of MS new targets for remyelination and immunomodulation are rapidly emerging. This book provides a comprehensive overview of drug discovery and development for the molecular basis of the disease, from new targets to drugs currently in clinical development, cellular and animal disease models to biomarkers for diagnosis and assessment in clinical trials. Emerging Drugs and Targets for Multiple Sclerosis is an ideal reference for any student or researcher interested in drug development for neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases and MS in particular.

Multiple Sclerosis Immunology

Multiple Sclerosis Immunology PDF

Author: Takashi Yamamura

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-09-14

Total Pages: 468

ISBN-13: 1461479533

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The availability of powerful genome-wide association study technology, during the last five years, has shown that most of the “new” MS susceptibility loci are immune-response genes. It is clear that there is much novelty in the field of MS immunology, which has served as an impetus to invest in new therapies. Notably, most if not all of these are immunotherapies. Even the equally exciting field of cell-based therapies and neuro-regeneration may well rely on cells or growth factors that are no less immunomodulators than restorative of myelin and neural cell function. Multiple Sclerosis Immunology looks at MS immunology as the basis for the present and—even more—the future of treatments for this complex autoimmune condition. Both editors are immunologists, as well as clinical neurologists, and appreciate the importance of a sustained dialogue between basic and clinical scientists to ensure that “translation” is real and not just virtual.

Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis PDF

Author: Robert M Herndon, MD

Publisher: Demos Medical Publishing

Published: 2002-12-01

Total Pages: 328

ISBN-13: 1934559261

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Knowledge has been described as being like an expanding sphere with the volume of knowledge contacting a surface on the unknown. This new comprehensive review of the many fields of basic and clinical research that impact our understanding of multiple sclerosis has its basis in this premise. In doing research on MS, it is not enough to know clinical neurology or neurochemistry or neuroanatomy or pathology; it is important to understand the many other areas that relate to them. This volume provides an overview of MS-related research and will benefit many investigators in the field and help to advance our efforts to cure this, thus far intractable, disease. It is now more than 160 years since the first clinical-pathological descriptions of cases of multiple sclerosis and more than 130 years since the classic clinical description and development of diagnostic criteria by Charcot, yet MS remains an enigma. After decades of intense effort to find the cause, no cause has been clearly identified and the disease remains poorly understood. Despite the introduction of immunomodulatory therapies and immunosuppressive regimens, MS remains a devastating disease. While a great deal of progress has been made, much remains to be done. Our understanding of the disease remains limited, treatments remain inadequate, and comprehensive management all too rare. This volume is an overview of the basic sciences as they relate to MS and will provide clinicians and investigators a better understanding of the basic aspects of the disease. While it is possible to find excellent reviews of almost any aspect of MS, few attempts have been made to bring these very different aspects together in a single source. This volume is a companion to Multiple Sclerosis: Diagnosis, Medical Management, and Rehabilitation, edited by Drs. Jack S. Burks and Kenneth P. Johnson. Together, they represent an attempt to comprehensively cover the field of MS from basic research to comprehensive management and to provide a broad overview for those interested in understanding the disease better or in pursuing MS research.

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