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Modulating Gene Expression

Author: Aditi Singh

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2019-05-29

Total Pages: 136

ISBN-13: 1838806962

RNA interference (RNAi) is a widely used technology for gene silencing and has become a key tool in a myriad of research and lead discoveries. In recent years, the mechanism of RNAi agents has been well investigated, and the technique has been optimized for better effectiveness and safety. On the other hand, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated Cas9/gRNA system is a recent, novel, targeted genome-editing technique derived from the bacterial immune system. Recent advances in gene-editing research and technologies have enabled the CRISPR Cas9 system to become a popular tool for sequence-specific gene editing to correct and modify eukaryotic systems. In this book, we will focus on the mechanisms, applications, regulations (their pros and cons), and various ways in which RNAi-based methods and CRIPSR-Cas9 technology have stimulated the modulation of gene expression, thereby making them a promising therapeutic tool to treat and prevent complex diseases and disorders.

Bioinformatics in the Era of Post Genomics and Big Data

Author: Ibrokhim Y. Abdurakhmonov

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2018-06-20

Total Pages: 190

ISBN-13: 1789232686

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Bioinformatics has evolved significantly in the era of post genomics and big data. Huge advancements were made toward storing, handling, mining, comparing, extracting, clustering and analysis as well as visualization of big macromolecular data using novel computational approaches, machine and deep learning methods, and web-based server tools. There are extensively ongoing world-wide efforts to build the resources for regional hosting, organized and structured access and improving the pre-existing bioinformatics tools to efficiently and meaningfully analyze day-to-day increasing big data. This book intends to provide the reader with updates and progress on genomic data analysis, data modeling and network-based system tools.

Epigenetic Gene Expression and Regulation

Author: Suming Huang

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2015-10-19

Total Pages: 482

ISBN-13: 0128004711

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Epigenetic Gene Expression and Regulation reviews current knowledge on the heritable molecular mechanisms that regulate gene expression, contribute to disease susceptibility, and point to potential treatment in future therapies. The book shows how these heritable mechanisms allow individual cells to establish stable and unique patterns of gene expression that can be passed through cell divisions without DNA mutations, thereby establishing how different heritable patterns of gene regulation control cell differentiation and organogenesis, resulting in a distinct human organism with a variety of differing cellular functions and tissues. The work begins with basic biology, encompasses methods, cellular and tissue organization, topical issues in epigenetic evolution and environmental epigenesis, and lastly clinical disease discovery and treatment. Each highly illustrated chapter is organized to briefly summarize current research, provide appropriate pedagogical guidance, pertinent methods, relevant model organisms, and clinical examples. Reviews current knowledge on the heritable molecular mechanisms that regulate gene expression, contribute to disease susceptibility, and point to potential treatment in future therapies Helps readers understand how epigenetic marks are targeted, and to what extent transgenerational epigenetic changes are instilled and possibly passed onto offspring Chapters are replete with clinical examples to empower the basic biology with translational significance Offers more than 100 illustrations to distill key concepts and decipher complex science

Non-coding RNAs and Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression

Author: Kevin V. Morris

Publisher: Caister Academic Press Limited

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781904455943

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Non-coding RNAs potentially play an active role in modulating gene transcription and epigenetic states. Several genes in differentiated cells may be under some form of RNA-based transcriptional and epigenetic regulatory control. This form of regulation may be controlled by selective pressures and influence the adaptability of the cell. The concept that RNA can control epigenetic states impacts our understanding of the basic fabric of the cell and may have therapeutic potential. Many studies have been carried out on the modulation of gene transcription by non-coding RNAs. This book, written by a group of distinguished scientists, represents an important overview and summary of the field to date. The 13 chapters are organized into three sections: a) Non-coding RNAs: Form, Function and Diversity; b) Non-coding RNAs: Gene Regulation and Epigenetics; and c) Non-coding RNAs: Disease and Therapeutics. This up-to-date volume is an essential book for those working in the area and represents a major information resource on current research in the fast-moving fields of epigenetics, the regulation of gene expression, and RNA research.

Modulating Gene Expression by Antisense Oligonucleotides to Understand Neural Functioning

Author: Margaret M. McCarthy

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 179

ISBN-13: 1461549337

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When first introduced, antisense oligonucleotides were hailed as the long awaited magic bullet that would provide an unprecedented level of specificity in controlling gene expression. Following this initial enthusiasm, antisense oligonucleotides have been maligned as nonspecific, toxic, and essentially useless. However, application of antisense oligonucleotide technology in the nervous system stands apart from the use of this technique in peripheral systems, largely because of its enormous success. The source of this success remains a matter of some controversy. Modulating Gene Expression by Antisense Oligonucleotides to Understand Neural Functioning addresses the origins of that controversy and determines whether the nervous system is a privileged site for antisense oligonucleotide action and not subject to the same vagaries and pitfalls as non-neuronal systems. Modulating Gene Expression by Antisense Oligonucleotides to Understand Neural Functioning contains chapters by experts in the field that focus on the use of this technique in a variety of behavioral systems, as well as rapid and nonspecific effects and the uptake and metabolism of antisense oligonucleotides by the nervous system. Modulating Gene Expression by Antisense Oligonucleotides to Understand Neural Functioning features: experts in the field reporting on the use of antisense oligonucleotide technology in a variety of behavioral systems, including pain control, circadian rhythms, ingestion and control of water balance, and reproductive behaviors; the novel use of plasmids to express antisense RNA in the nervous system; the biodistribution and metabolism of antisense oligonucleotides in the nervous system; rapid and unusual effects; and non-specific effects.

Modulating Gene Expression - Abridging the RNAi and CRISPR-Cas9 Technologies

Author: Mohammad W. Khan

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 134

ISBN-13: 9781838806989

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Genetics and Biotechnology

Author: Ulrich Kück

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-09

Total Pages: 372

ISBN-13: 3662103648

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Mycology, the study of fungi, originated as a subdiscipline of botany and was a descriptive discipline, largely neglected as an experimental science until the early years of this century. A seminal paper by Blakeslee in 1904 provided evidence for self incompatibility, termed "heterothallism", and stimulated interest in studies related to the control of sexual reproduction in fungi by mating-type specificities. Soon to follow was the demonstration that sexually reproducing fungi exhibit Mendelian inheritance and that it was possible to conduct formal genetic analysis with fungi. The names Burgeff, Kniep and Lindegren are all associated with this early period of fungal genetics research. These studies and the discovery of penicillin by Fleming, who shared a Nobel Prize in 1945, provided further impetus for experimental research with fungi. Thus began a period of interest in mutation induction and analysis of mutants for bio chemical traits. Such fundamental research, conducted largely with Neurospora crassa, led to the one gene: one enzyme hypothesis and to a second Nobel Prize for fungal research awarded to Beadle and Tatum in 1958. Fundamental research in biochemical genetics was extended to other fungi, especially to Saccharomyces cere visiae, and by the mid-1960s fungal systems were much favored for studies in eukaryotic molecular biology and were soon able to compete with bacterial systems in the molecular arena.

Untranslated Gene Regions and Other Non-coding Elements

Author: Lucy W. Barrett

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-06-26

Total Pages: 63

ISBN-13: 3034806795

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There is now compelling evidence that the complexity of higher organisms correlates with the relative amount of non-coding RNA rather than the number of protein-coding genes. Previously dismissed as “junk DNA”, it is the non-coding regions of the genome that are responsible for regulation, facilitating complex temporal and spatial gene expression through the combinatorial effect of numerous mechanisms and interactions working together to fine-tune gene expression. The major regions involved in regulation of a particular gene are the 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions and introns. In addition, pervasive transcription of complex genomes produces a variety of non-coding transcripts that interact with these regions and contribute to regulation. This book discusses recent insights into the regulatory roles of the untranslated gene regions and non-coding RNAs in the control of complex gene expression, as well as the implications of this in terms of organism complexity and evolution.

Human Herpesviruses

Author: Ann Arvin

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2007-08-16

Total Pages: 1325

ISBN-13: 1139461648

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This comprehensive account of the human herpesviruses provides an encyclopedic overview of their basic virology and clinical manifestations. This group of viruses includes human simplex type 1 and 2, Epstein–Barr virus, Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, cytomegalovirus, HHV6A, 6B and 7, and varicella-zoster virus. The viral diseases and cancers they cause are significant and often recurrent. Their prevalence in the developed world accounts for a major burden of disease, and as a result there is a great deal of research into the pathophysiology of infection and immunobiology. Another important area covered within this volume concerns antiviral therapy and the development of vaccines. All these aspects are covered in depth, both scientifically and in terms of clinical guidelines for patient care. The text is illustrated generously throughout and is fully referenced to the latest research and developments.

Modulating Prokaryotic Lifestyle by DNA-Binding Proteins

Author: Tatiana Venkova

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2017-03-07

Total Pages: 311

ISBN-13: 2889451054

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The Overview of the Topic was the following: "One of the most active areas of research in molecular microbiology has been the study of how bacteria modulate their genetic activity and its consequences. The prokaryotic world has gained a lot of interest. In addition to the above, the invention is based on the subject-matter of the present invention, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. All of these processes are fundamental to the operation of a genetic entity and condition their lifestyle. Further, the discoveries in the bacterial world have been of ample use in eukaryotes. [Article in German] Hansen, Hansen, H. (2003). In addition to the fundamental interest in understanding modulation of prokaryotic lifestyle by DNA binding proteins, As it is well-known the antibiotic-resistance strains of pathogenic bacteria are a major world problem, so that there is an urgent need of innovative technologies to tackle it. Most of the patients are infected with the virus. It is an imperative of finding new alternatives to the 'classical' way of treatment of bacterial infections and these new alternatives. Nevertheless, These new alternatives will find a dead-end if we are unable to obtain a better understanding of the basic processes modulating bacterial gene expression. Our goal is to achieve our understanding of protein-DNA interactions. First, the topic will bring together a lot of very active research in the study of gene replication, gene regulation, the strategies. We therefore want to acquire an in-depth knowledge of some of the mechanisms of gene regulation, gene transfer, and gene replication. Further, the readers of the papers will realize the importance of the topic and will learn the most recent thinking, results, and approaches in the area ". We are fully confident that we have exceeded our expectations. Now we are proud to present the final output of the topic, which is the eBook. It includes 24 articles contributed by 118 authors. As of today, March, 16th, January 2017, the total number of readings has reached 19,284, 14,921 article views, and 2,944 article downloads.