Mistletoes of the Continental United States and Canada

Mistletoes of the Continental United States and Canada PDF

Author: Robert Mathiasen

Publisher:

Published: 2021-10-29

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9781889878669

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Mistletoes are a fascinating group of parasitic flowering plants that occur throughout most of the World. In mainland North America north of Mexico, there are only two native mistletoe groups: the dwarf mistletoes and the leafy mistletoes. The dwarf mistletoes are widespread, common parasites of coniferous trees. They are considered among the most important forest tree diseases in North America. Although, the leafy mistletoes are also widespread, they are not as damaging to their hosts. Throughout human history, mistletoes have played an importantrole in mythology, Christmas traditions, and as a part of the medicinal arsenal with which to fight disease. Mistletoes also have important relationships with many other living organisms. They provide valuable food sources and habitat for birds, mammals, insects, and fungi. Leafy mistletoes are dependent on birds like the phainopepla illustrated here, for seed dispersal.This book covers all the dwarf and leafy mistletoes recognized by the author that are found in the continental United States and Canada. General descriptions, geographic distributions, and lists of hosts for each mistletoe are provided. In addition, distribution maps illustrate where each mistletoe is found, and photos help acquaint readers with their general appearance and habit. Supplemental materials include: a table listing principal and less commonly infected hosts of each species of dwarf mistletoe that can be used as a short cut for their identification; dichotomous keys to assist in identification for those who enjoy this form of discovery; and sidebars covering a range of interesting topics related to the biology, classification, ecology, and cultural significance of mistletoes expands this user-friendly guide.

Dwarf Mistletoes

Dwarf Mistletoes PDF

Author: Frank G. Hawksworth

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 1998-04

Total Pages: 427

ISBN-13: 0788142011

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Contents: generalized life cycle; sexual reproductive biology; mechanism and trends of evolution; biogeography and paleogeographic history; host relationships; ecological relationships; biotic associates; host-parasite physiology; anatomy of the dwarf mistletoe shoot system; endophytic system; pathogenic effects; control; systematics: philosophy, problems, and criteria for classification; molecular systematics; formal taxonomy. Extensive bibliography. Scientific and common names; collecting and curating techniques; herbaria consulted; specimens examined; glossary; subject and species indexes.

A Synthesis of the Literature on the Biology, Ecology, and Management of Western Hemlock Dwarf Mistletoe

A Synthesis of the Literature on the Biology, Ecology, and Management of Western Hemlock Dwarf Mistletoe PDF

Author: United States Department of Agriculture

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2015-06-26

Total Pages: 150

ISBN-13: 9781508501978

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Hemlock dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium tsugense [Rosendahl] G.N. Jones) is a small, inconspicuous parasite that has significant effects on tree growth and stand structure in coastal forest ecosystems of western North America. Most previous research focused on the effects of hemlock dwarf mistletoe on timber production. Previous clearcut harvesting of large areas that removed virtually all infected trees and forestry practices that established even-aged stands of trees effectively prevented or minimized future hemlock dwarf mistletoe impacts. Under this regime, further research on hemlock dwarf mistletoe was considered unnecessary. However, current forestry practices that restrict clearcut harvesting to small openings and retain live trees to preserve attributes of old-growth forests create conditions that appear highly favorable for enhanced seed production by hemlock dwarf mistletoe, early spread of the mistletoe to infect young trees, and, consequently, increased growth impacts to residual trees over time. More information is needed on the biology and impacts of hemlock dwarf mistletoe in coastal western hemlock retention-harvested forests in the United States of America and Canada. Further work is recommended to develop sampling and monitoring procedures to determine hemlock dwarf mistletoe spread and impacts. We also need to investigate several unusual aspects of hemlock dwarf mistletoe biology and development such as long-distance seed dispersal and persistence in old-growth forests. Detailed tree, stand, and forest-level models are needed to monitor and project hemlock dwarf mistletoe effects over a wide range of ecological conditions and management regimes in coastal forests.