Methodological Problems with the Academic Sources of Popular Psychology

Methodological Problems with the Academic Sources of Popular Psychology PDF

Author: Robert Ausch

Publisher: Lexington Books

Published: 2016-02-19

Total Pages: 237

ISBN-13: 149852415X

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Methodological Problems with the Academic Sources of Popular Psychology: Context, Inference, and Measurementexamines the relationship between academic and popular psychology from a critical perspective with a focus on issues of methodology. The monograph traces the path from ideas in reputable popular psychology back to the original academic research tradition from which the claims were generated. It also addresses the conceptual and methodological controversies with respect to the original research typically ignored or played down in popular writing. This book covers a range of topics including the question of universal biases in judgment, resurgent notions of “fast” thinking and a cognitive unconscious, the psychology of happiness and other “positive” psychologies, the effects of parenting on child outcomes, and more general issues related to psychological tests and measures. The methodological problems that emerge include problems with generalizing from specific experimental conditions, highly biased sampling, lack of replication of findings, lack of shared referents across subfields, even different authors, as well as confusion around basic statistical and mathematical issues. Methodological Problems with the Academic Sources of Popular Psychology: Context, Inference, and Measurementreviews these issues extensively, offering both a sense of the history and pervasiveness of these issues in the field itself and an opportunity to review and master these difficult ideas.

Methodological Issues in Applied Social Psychology

Methodological Issues in Applied Social Psychology PDF

Author: Fred B. Bryant

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-11

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 148992308X

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Many authors have argued that applying social psychology to the solution of real world problems builds better theories. Observers have claimed, for example, that of human behavior applied social psychology reveals more accurate principles because its data are based on people in real-life circumstances (Helmreich, 1975; Saxe & Fine, 1980), provides an opportunity to assess the ecological validity of generalizations derived from laboratory research (Ellsworth, 1977; Leventhal, 1980), and discloses important gaps in existing theories (Fisher, 1982; Mayo & LaFrance, 1980). Undoubtedly, many concrete examples can be mustered in support of these claims. But it also can be argued that applying social psychology to social issues and problems builds better research methods. Special methodological problems arise and new perspectives on old methodological problems emerge when re searchers leave the laboratory and tackle social problems in real-world settings. Along the way, we not only improve existing research techniques but also devel op new research tools, all of which enhance our ability to obtain valid results and thereby to understand and solve socially relevant problems. Indeed, Campbell and Stanley's (1966) seminal work on validity in research design grew out of the application of social science in field settings. In this spirit, the principal aim of this volume is to present examples of methodological advances being made as researchers apply social psychology in real-life settings.

Methodological Issues & Strategies in Clinical Research

Methodological Issues & Strategies in Clinical Research PDF

Author: Alan E. Kazdin

Publisher:

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 765

ISBN-13:

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This book provides readings designed to improve understanding of methodology and to enhance research practices in clinical psychology. The intended audience is persons who are in training or are actively involved in research. The primary focus of the readings is clinical psychology, but the issues and methods are relevant to other areas as well, such as counseling, educational and school psychology, psychiatry, and social work. /// Several readings have been included to address a broad range of practices, procedures, and strategies for developing a sound knowledge base. The goal was to select, from a large literature on methodology and design, a special set of engaging articles of use to students and professionals alike. The articles address a wide range of topics within clinical research. /// The content of this book addresses experimental design, principles, procedures, and practices that govern research, assessment, sources of artifact and bias, data analyses and interpretation, ethical issues, and publication and communication of the results of research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2004 APA, all rights reserved).

Methodological Issues in Applied Social Psychology

Methodological Issues in Applied Social Psychology PDF

Author: Fred B. Bryant

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2013-05-31

Total Pages: 304

ISBN-13: 9781489923103

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Many authors have argued that applying social psychology to the solution of real world problems builds better theories. Observers have claimed, for example, that of human behavior applied social psychology reveals more accurate principles because its data are based on people in real-life circumstances (Helmreich, 1975; Saxe & Fine, 1980), provides an opportunity to assess the ecological validity of generalizations derived from laboratory research (Ellsworth, 1977; Leventhal, 1980), and discloses important gaps in existing theories (Fisher, 1982; Mayo & LaFrance, 1980). Undoubtedly, many concrete examples can be mustered in support of these claims. But it also can be argued that applying social psychology to social issues and problems builds better research methods. Special methodological problems arise and new perspectives on old methodological problems emerge when re searchers leave the laboratory and tackle social problems in real-world settings. Along the way, we not only improve existing research techniques but also devel op new research tools, all of which enhance our ability to obtain valid results and thereby to understand and solve socially relevant problems. Indeed, Campbell and Stanley's (1966) seminal work on validity in research design grew out of the application of social science in field settings. In this spirit, the principal aim of this volume is to present examples of methodological advances being made as researchers apply social psychology in real-life settings.

Readings in Ethnic Psychology

Readings in Ethnic Psychology PDF

Author: Pamela Balls Organista

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2013-11-26

Total Pages: 436

ISBN-13: 1317827929

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This pioneering reader is a collection of fundamental writings on the influence of culture and ethnicity on human social behavior. An overview of current psychological knowledge about African Americans, Asian Americans, American Indians, and Hispanics/Latinos in the United States, Readings in Ethnic Psychology addresses basic concepts in the field--race, ethnic identity, acculturation and biculturalism. In addition, psychosocial conditions such as risk behaviors, adaptive health behaviors, psychological distress, and culturally appropriate interventions are also explored.

Integrated Research Methodologies in Islāmic Psychology

Integrated Research Methodologies in Islāmic Psychology PDF

Author: G. Hussein Rassool

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-10-09

Total Pages: 128

ISBN-13: 1003819567

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This book provides a foundation of the methodology of research scholarship in Islāmic studies, psychology and psychotherapy, offering an understanding of the concepts and techniques of Islāmic research methodology integrated with qualitative and quantitative research. Integrating Islāmic moral and epistemological values into research methodologies, the text synthesises research methodologies and approaches (empirical, rational) with Islāmic research scholarship. Chapters include a range of topics including research ethics from an Islamic perspective, systematic methodology of research in Islamic studies and social sciences and inductive and deductive approaches. Other questions covered include how to integrate the Qur’ân and Hadith (rules, concepts and statements) with psychological phenomena and how to write a research proposal and research paper. Each chapter includes rich case examples and relevant practical examples. This book is ideal for researchers and students in Islāmic psychology and psychotherapy wishing to learn more about the techniques and principles of Islāmic research scholarship in the field.

Methodological Issues in Psychology

Methodological Issues in Psychology PDF

Author: David Trafimow

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-08-17

Total Pages: 230

ISBN-13: 1000918270

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Methodological Issues in Psychology is a comprehensive text that challenges current practice in the discipline and provides solutions that are more useful in contemporary research, both basic and applied. This book begins by equipping the readers with the underlying foundation pertaining to basic philosophical issues addressing theory verification or falsification, distinguishing different levels of theorizing, or hypothesizing, and the assumptions necessary to negotiate between these levels. It goes on to specifically focus on statistical and inferential hypotheses including chapters on how to dramatically improve statistical and inferential practices and how to address the replication crisis. Advances to be featured include the author's own inventions, the a priori procedure and gain-probability diagrams, and a chapter about mediation analyses, which explains why such analyses are much weaker than typically assumed. The book also provides an introductory chapter on classical measurement theory and expands to new concepts in subsequent chapters. The final measurement chapter addresses the ubiquitous problem of small effect sizes in psychology and provides recommendations that directly contradict typical thinking and teaching in psychology, but with the consequence that researchers can enjoy dramatically improved effect sizes. Methodological Issues in Psychology is an invaluable asset for students and researchers of psychology. It will also be of vital interest to social science researchers and students in areas such as management, marketing, sociology, and experimental philosophy.

The Teaching of Psychology

The Teaching of Psychology PDF

Author: Stephen F. Davis

Publisher: Psychology Press

Published: 2013-03-07

Total Pages: 544

ISBN-13: 1135644152

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The Teaching of Psychology is centered around the masterful work of two champions of the teaching of psychology, Wilbert J. McKeachie and Charles L. Brewer, in order to recognize their seminal contributions to the teaching of the discipline. The book's main goal is to provide comprehensive coverage and analysis of the basic philosophies, current issues, and the basic skills related to effective teaching in psychology. It transcends the typical "nuts and bolts" type books and includes such topics as teaching at small colleges versus a major university, teaching and course portfolios, the scholarship of teaching, what to expect early in a teaching career, and lifelong learning. The Teaching of Psychology also features: Biographies of Bill McKeachie and Charles L. Brewer Fourteen chapters written by leading authorities in the teaching of psychology, which provide overviews of the latest psychological research and theories in effective college and university teaching. These chapters cover lecturing, classroom presence, using humor in teaching, pedagogy, advising, teaching critical thinking, writing, and technology, and training graduate students to teach Useful advice to new teachers and seasoned veterans, including qualities of master teachers, understanding the many facets of working within the academy, and teaching with technology Insights into teaching specific courses within the psychology curriculum, including the history of psychology, biological psychology, statistics and research methods, learning, social psychology, personality, psychology of women, cross-cultural psychology, industrial/organizational psychology, psychology of religion, and environmental psychology A closing section containing Bill McKeachie's and Charles L. Brewer's perspectives into the teaching of psychology and its history, highlights, and future. This book is intended for academic psychologists who teach and/or train graduate assistants to teach at the college and university level. All royalities from this book will be donated to the Society for the Teaching of Psychology (Division 2 of the American Psychological Association), which each year sponsors many activities across the country to promote the teaching of psychology.

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