Mathematical Optimization of Water Networks

Mathematical Optimization of Water Networks PDF

Author: Alexander Martin

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-06-30

Total Pages: 202

ISBN-13: 3034804369

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Water supply- and drainage systems and mixed water channel systems are networks whose high dynamic is determined and/or affected by consumer habits on drinking water on the one hand and by climate conditions, in particular rainfall, on the other hand. According to their size, water networks consist of hundreds or thousands of system elements. Moreover, different types of decisions (continuous and discrete) have to be taken in the water management. The networks have to be optimized in terms of topology and operation by targeting a variety of criteria. Criteria may for example be economic, social or ecological ones and may compete with each other. The development of complex model systems and their use for deriving optimal decisions in water management is taking place at a rapid pace. Simulation and optimization methods originating in Operations Research have been used for several decades; usually with very limited direct cooperation with applied mathematics. The research presented here aims at bridging this gap, thereby opening up space for synergies and innovation. It is directly applicable for relevant practical problems and has been carried out in cooperation with utility and dumping companies, infrastructure providers and planning offices. A close and direct connection to the practice of water management has been established by involving application-oriented know-how from the field of civil engineering. On the mathematical side all necessary disciplines were involved, including mixed-integer optimization, multi-objective and facility location optimization, numerics for cross-linked dynamic transportation systems and optimization as well as control of hybrid systems. Most of the presented research has been supported by the joint project „Discret-continuous optimization of dynamic water systems“ of the federal ministry of education and research (BMBF).

Optimal Design of Water Distribution Networks Using Harmony Search

Optimal Design of Water Distribution Networks Using Harmony Search PDF

Author: Zong Woo Geem

Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

Published: 2009-08

Total Pages: 112

ISBN-13: 9783838305837

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Traditional mathematical optimization methods, such as linear programming (LP), nonlinear programming (NLP) and dynamic programming (DP), often have drawbacks in practice. To overcome these drawbacks, various meta-heuristic optimization techniques have been developed. This study proposes a new meta- heuristic algorithm which mimics musical performance, and names as Harmony Search (HS). The HS algorithm is applied to five problems: a continuous function optimization, a hydrologic parameter calibration, a traveling salesman problem, an optimal design of water supply network, and an optimal expansion of water supply network. The comparison of solutions obtained by HS and other optimization techniques shows that the HS algorithm can find better solutions in less number of iterations. The new algorithm can solve continuous-variable problems as well as discrete- variable problems without unnecessary restrictions imposed by calculus-based algorithms.

Introduction to Optimization Analysis in Hydrosystem Engineering

Introduction to Optimization Analysis in Hydrosystem Engineering PDF

Author: Ehsan Goodarzi

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2014-02-06

Total Pages: 301

ISBN-13: 3319044001

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This book presents the basics of linear and nonlinear optimization analysis for both single and multi-objective problems in hydrosystem engineering. The book includes several examples with various levels of complexity in different fields of water resources engineering. The examples are solved step by step to assist the reader and to make it easier to understand the concepts. In addition, the latest tools and methods are presented to help students, researchers, engineers and water managers to properly conceptualize and formulate resource allocation problems, and to deal with the complexity of constraints in water demand and available supplies in an appropriate way.

Modeling, Control and Optimization of Water Systems

Modeling, Control and Optimization of Water Systems PDF

Author: Thomas Rauschenbach

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-12-14

Total Pages: 308

ISBN-13: 3642160263

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This book provides essential background knowledge on the development of model-based real-world solutions in the field of control and decision making for water systems. It presents system engineering methods for modelling surface water and groundwater resources as well as water transportation systems (rivers, channels and pipelines). The models in turn provide information on both the water quantity (flow rates, water levels) of surface water and groundwater and on water quality. In addition, methods for modelling and predicting water demand are described. Sample applications of the models are presented, such as a water allocation decision support system for semi-arid regions, a multiple-criteria control model for run-of-river hydropower plants, and a supply network simulation for public services.

Stochastic Hydrology and its Use in Water Resources Systems Simulation and Optimization

Stochastic Hydrology and its Use in Water Resources Systems Simulation and Optimization PDF

Author: J.B. Marco

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 470

ISBN-13: 9401116970

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Stochastic hydrology is an essential base of water resources systems analysis, due to the inherent randomness of the input, and consequently of the results. These results have to be incorporated in a decision-making process regarding the planning and management of water systems. It is through this application that stochastic hydrology finds its true meaning, otherwise it becomes merely an academic exercise. A set of well known specialists from both stochastic hydrology and water resources systems present a synthesis of the actual knowledge currently used in real-world planning and management. The book is intended for both practitioners and researchers who are willing to apply advanced approaches for incorporating hydrological randomness and uncertainty into the simulation and optimization of water resources systems. (abstract) Stochastic hydrology is a basic tool for water resources systems analysis, due to inherent randomness of the hydrologic cycle. This book contains actual techniques in use for water resources planning and management, incorporating randomness into the decision making process. Optimization and simulation, the classical systems-analysis technologies, are revisited under up-to-date statistical hydrology findings backed by real world applications.

Hydrology, Hydraulics and Water Resources Management

Hydrology, Hydraulics and Water Resources Management PDF

Author: K.L. Katsifarakis

Publisher: WIT Press

Published: 2012-07-11

Total Pages: 175

ISBN-13: 1845646649

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With population of our planet exceeding seven billion, funds for infrastructure works being limited worldwide and climate change affecting water resources, their optimal development and management is literally vital. This volume deals with application of some non-traditional optimization techniques to hydraulics, hydrology and water resources management and aims at helping scientists dealing with these issues to reach the best decisions. Chapter 1 is a brief introduction to optimization and its application to water resources management. Chapter 2 is dedicated to genetic algorithms. Chapter 3 focuses on applications of genetic algorithms to hydraulic networks, mainly irrigation ones. Chapter 4 is dedicated to simulated annealing. The particle swarm method (PSO) is discussed in Chapter 5. In Chapter 6 the basic concepts and features of Tabu search are presented and its coupling with other heuristic optimizers is discussed. Chapter 7 is dedicated to the Harmony Search method. Finally, Chapter 8 deals with the Outer Approximation method. This book is aimed at engineers and other scientists working on water resources management and hydraulic networks.

Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of Water Efficiency in Residential Buildings

Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of Water Efficiency in Residential Buildings PDF

Author: Mahmoud Amin

Publisher:

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Abstract: Water scarcity is a global issue that is rapidly worsening. The domestic sector is one of the fastest-growing segments of world water usage. Many researchers have explored various approaches to promote sustainable uses of water, with Greywater (GW) recycling and utilization of innovative plumbing fixtures among the methods presented to reduce freshwater consumption for domestic usage. Nonetheless, previous studies have dealt with both means independently, with limited analysis of the integrated effect of utilizing GW recycling with innovative plumbing fixtures, both on quality of supplied water, as well as on cost of the integrated system. Accordingly, this research aims at improving the efficiency of water usage in residential buildings, through the development of a mathematical optimization model that utilizes a comprehensive database in order to select the most appropriate GW recycling system, plumbing fixtures, and system components with the aim of improving water quality, minimizing water usage and reducing cost. The developed model is divided into three main modules: inputs, water flow, and annual worth quantification. The user is required to specify certain inputs that define parameters related to the building, its surrounding landscape, as well as economical parameters. Based on such information, the model determines the suitable fixtures' types for each water appliance, and the feasibility of utilizing GW recycling along with determining; the water source to be recycled and the treatment system type to be used, with the objective of minimizing both the total annual worth and the utilized potable water quantity. The model was verified on a case study and sensitivity analysis was performed to explore the impact of changing major input factors on the total annual cost. A factorial design examining both two and three-factor interactions was used. The number of residents and the annual increase of water tariffs factors showed the most significant impact on the total annual worth accounting for 55% and 43.7% of total variability, respectively. Furthermore, The model was validated by comparing its results with a previous study conducted in the United Kingdom, where the developed model led to a significant reduction in the lifecycle cost of the decentralized water system in residential buildings and attained freshwater savings of 58.17%.

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