Made to Measure

Made to Measure PDF

Author: Philip Ball

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2021-09-14

Total Pages: 468

ISBN-13: 1400865336

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Made to Measure introduces a general audience to one of today's most exciting areas of scientific research: materials science. Philip Ball describes how scientists are currently inventing thousands of new materials, ranging from synthetic skin, blood, and bone to substances that repair themselves and adapt to their environment, that swell and flex like muscles, that repel any ink or paint, and that capture and store the energy of the Sun. He shows how all this is being accomplished precisely because, for the first time in history, materials are being "made to measure": designed for particular applications, rather than discovered in nature or by haphazard experimentation. Now scientists literally put new materials together on the drawing board in the same way that a blueprint is specified for a house or an electronic circuit. But the designers are working not with skylights and alcoves, not with transistors and capacitors, but with molecules and atoms. This book is written in the same engaging manner as Ball's popular book on chemistry, Designing the Molecular World, and it links insights from chemistry, biology, and physics with those from engineering as it outlines the various areas in which new materials will transform our lives in the twenty-first century. The chapters provide vignettes from a broad range of selected areas of materials science and can be read as separate essays. The subjects include photonic materials, materials for information storage, smart materials, biomaterials, biomedical materials, materials for clean energy, porous materials, diamond and hard materials, new polymers, and surfaces and interfaces.

Materials for the 21st Century

Materials for the 21st Century PDF

Author: David Segal

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 0198804075

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Materials play a key role in our search for solutions to many pressing issues. They underpin industries, are critical for developing new consumer goods, are essential components for medical diagnosis, offer hope for the treatment of currently incurable diseases, and help solve environmental problems. This is a guide to materials for the future

Functionally Graded Materials in the 21st Century

Functionally Graded Materials in the 21st Century PDF

Author: Kiyoshi Ichikawa

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 268

ISBN-13: 9780792372363

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"In a Functionally Graded Material (FGM), which is a kind of advanced composite materials, the composition and structure change gradually over volume, resulting in corresponding changes in the properties of the material. By appyling the possibilities inherent in the concept of FGM, it is anticipated that materials will be improved and new functions for them will be also created. A comprehensive description of status of the art and perspectives, modeling and simulation, processing and system, characterization of properties as well as applications of FGMs is covered in this book."--Jacket.

Zeolites and Mesoporous Materials at the Dawn of the 21st Century

Zeolites and Mesoporous Materials at the Dawn of the 21st Century PDF

Author: A. Galarneau

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2001-08-13

Total Pages: 525

ISBN-13: 008054391X

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The Zeolites and Mesporous Materials at the Dawn of the 21st Century Proceedings are the expression of the oral and poster communications which where presented during the 13th International Zeolite Conference (IZC). They are subdivided into 32 thematic sessions starting from the genesis of materials to their applications through their characterisation. The paper volume contains the full texts of the 5 plenary and 6 keynote lectures and informative summaries of 150 oral and 540 poster presentations. These contributions have been selected among the 903 submissions received from a total of 57 countries! In order to gather all the communications in a handy document, the full texts of oral and poster presentations are available in CD-ROM. Besides the fields of zeolite science always represented at IZC (synthesis, characterisation, catalysis, etc¿), some subjects strengthened their position (mesoporous materials, theory and modelling), new areas emerge (advanced materials, environmental and life sciences) and older ones regain interest (natural zeolites). The understanding and development of the unique properties of porous materials relies on a unique blend of multidisciplinary knowledge: material science, with the implication of organic and colloid chemistry, to prepare micro- and mesoporous materials, surface and adsorption science sustained by theory and modelling to understand the peculiar behaviour of molecules in confined systems, special branches of catalysis, physics, chemical engineering and life science to design novel applications. The gathering of these elements is at the basis of a fruitful and evolutionary zeolite science, as it is hopefully reflected by these proceedings.

Applied Polymer Science: 21st Century

Applied Polymer Science: 21st Century PDF

Author: C. Craver

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2000-12-19

Total Pages: 1087

ISBN-13: 0080527353

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The 75th Anniversary Celebration of the Division of Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering of the American Chemical Society, in 1999 sparked this third edition of Applied Polymer Science with emphasis on the developments of the last few years and a serious look at the challenges and expectations of the 21st Century. This book is divided into six sections, each with an Associate Editor responsible for the contents with the group of Associate Editors acting as a board to interweave and interconnect various topics and to insure complete coverage. These areas represent both traditional areas and emerging areas, but always with coverage that is timely. The areas and associated chapters represent vistas where PMSE and its members have made and are continuing to make vital contributions. The authors are leaders in their fields and have graciously donated their efforts to encourage the scientists of the next 75 years to further contribute to the well being of the society in which we all live. Synthesis, characterization, and application are three of the legs that hold up a steady table. The fourth is creativity. Each of the three strong legs are present in this book with creativity present as the authors were asked to look forward in predicting areas in need of work and potential applications. The book begins with an introductory history chapter introducing readers to PMSE. The second chapter introduces the very basic science, terms and concepts critical to polymer science and technology. Sections two, three and four focus on application areas emphasizing emerging trends and applications. Section five emphasizes the essential areas of characterization. Section six contains chapters focusing of the synthesis of the materials.

Twentieth-Century Building Materials

Twentieth-Century Building Materials PDF

Author: Thomas C. Jester

Publisher: Getty Publications

Published: 2014-08-01

Total Pages: 354

ISBN-13: 1606063251

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Over the concluding decades of the twentieth century, the historic preservation community increasingly turned its attention to modern buildings, including bungalows from the 1930s, gas stations and diners from the 1940s, and office buildings and architectural homes from the 1950s. Conservation efforts, however, were often hampered by a lack of technical information about the products used in these structures, and to fill this gap Twentieth-Century Building Materials was developed by the U.S. Department of the Interior’s National Park Service and first published in 1995. Now, this invaluable guide is being reissued—with a new preface by the book’s original editor. With more than 250 illustrations, including a full-color photographic essay, the volume remains an indispensable reference on the history and conservation of modern building materials. Thirty-seven essays written by leading experts offer insights into the history, manufacturing processes, and uses of a wide range of materials, including glass block, aluminum, plywood, linoleum, and gypsum board. Readers will also learn about how these materials perform over time and discover valuable conservation and repair techniques. Bibliographies and sources for further research complete the volume. The book is intended for a wide range of conservation professionals including architects, engineers, conservators, and material scientists engaged in the conservation of modern buildings, as well as scholars in related disciplines.

EPR in the 21st Century

EPR in the 21st Century PDF

Author: Asako Kawamori

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2002-07-01

Total Pages: 853

ISBN-13: 0080539726

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The Proceedings in this volume are a refereed selection of presentations from The Third Asia-Pacific EPR/ESR Symposium (APES'01), held in Kobe, Japan from October 29 to November 1, 2001. Participants from 20 countries from Asia, Australia, Europe, North and South America presented 210 papers, of which 132 are included here. These Proceedings are also a blueprint for development of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) / electron spin resonance (ESR) in the Asia-Pacific region in the 21st century. The Symposium reflected a variety of research fields developed over half a century and focuses especially on the most recent developments, such as high-field and high-frequency EPR, which are envisaged to be further developed and applied to various fields in the 21st century. All sessions consisted of Plenary, Invited and Contributed presentations. The Plenary presentations aimed at summarizing the overall developments. Invited presentations, reviewing the most recent developments, and Contributed ones, dealing with original research recently carried out in the EPR/ESR area, were given in one of three parallel sessions. The unique research works presented cover various fields and reflect the existing diversity of applications of the EPR/ESR techniques.

21st Century Advanced Carbon Materials for Engineering Applications

21st Century Advanced Carbon Materials for Engineering Applications PDF

Author: Mujtaba Ikram

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781789859911

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Advanced carbon materials such as graphene, fullerenes, hierarchical carbon, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have exceptional physical properties, making them useful for several applications in fields ranging from energy and industry to electronics and drug delivery. This book includes comprehensive information on fabrication, emerging physical properties, and technological applications of advanced carbon materials. Over three sections, chapters cover such topics as advanced carbon materials in engineering, conjugation of graphene with other 2D materials, fabrication of CNTs and their use in tissue engineering and orthopaedics, and advanced carbon materials for sustainable applications, among others.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates--plastic Materials of the 21st Century

Polyhydroxyalkanoates--plastic Materials of the 21st Century PDF

Author: Tatʹi͡ana Grigorʹevna Volova

Publisher: Nova Publishers

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 310

ISBN-13: 9781590339923

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Special Interest Catogories: biotechnology; materials science; medicine; ecology and chemistry. The book summarizes the literature data and research results on biodegradable polyesters of microbiological origin -- polymers of hydroxy alkanoic acids (polyhydroxyalkanoates, PHAs). These polymers are thermoplastic, biodegradable, and biocompatible. They are promising candidates for applications in agriculture, communal services, pharmacology, medicine, and other spheres. The book sums up the most recent data on the known types of polyhydroxyalkanoates, their producers, substrates, and methods of biosynthesis. The structure and physicochemical properties of these polymers, the methods used to process them to make specialised products and spheres of their application are described in the book.

Stuff Matters

Stuff Matters PDF

Author: Mark Miodownik

Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 277

ISBN-13: 0544236041

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An eye-opening adventure deep inside the everyday materials that surround us, from concrete and steel to denim and chocolate, packed with surprising stories and fascinating science.