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Marx's Practical Materialism

Author: Wang Nanshi

Publisher: Canut Publishers

Published: 2011-01

Total Pages: 444

ISBN-13: 9783942575058

In mainland China, in the recent decades, once discarded Western Marxism studies have reached a peak. To study humanism, alienation, subjectivity and practical materialism, epistemology and aesthetics, interchange and social ontology as well as cultural philosophy, existential philosophy, philosophy of daily life, has entered into the scope. Wang Nanshi and Xie Yongkang, in this book on practical materialism, have succeeded a comprehensive study to reflect the major aspects and theoretical bases of this philosophy. Marxist philosophical theoretical research had not been so successful for some time. This has been fairly evaluated and investigated in this book to open a new scope, revealing the past theoretical regress. On the one shore was dialectical and historical materialism theory of Marxist philosophy propagated in college text books which was scientist, and naturalist and on the other shore was critical historical materialism of Young Lukacs and Korsch, which put the subject- proletarian practice in the center, to solve the problem of unity between subject and object isomorphic with the unity of nature and history. The issue put by the former was the existence of general principles applicable to both spheres. The latter had centered the issue on the existence of natural being opposite to social history. Lukacs' gave a negative answer to these two issues. As to history, general principles would be abstract and Lukacs had viewed the nature as a "socio-historical category." Although both schools led their own journey, both had failed to grasp the real essence of Marx's philosophical theories on materialism, metaphysics, dialectic and complex human practice. The essence of the philosophical revolution achieved by Marx, which makes him an outstanding modern philosopher, was his practical materialist theory and his view on the relation between practice and theory. Readers will surely find a thought provoking debate and vision in the book. CONTENT OF MAIN PARTS THEORETICAL PHILOSOPHY AND PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY Conceptual Study of Theory and Practice Differentiation and Evolution of Theoretical Philosophy and Practical Philosophy Marx's Philosophy Is a Modern Practical Philosophy MATERIALISM AND MODERN MATERIALISM General Meaning and History of Materialism Practice and Marx's Modern Materialism Modern Materialism is Historical Materialism DIALECTIC AS PRACTICAL WISDOM Concept and History of Dialectic Marxist Practical Dialectic PICTURE OF THE LIFE-WORLD OF FINITE SUBJECT Marx's Two Propositions about Man Material World and Human Activity Social Life and Human Essence PRACTICE ANd HUMAN KNOWLEDGE Epistemological Issues and Their Way out Quasi-Epistemological View of Truth HISTORY AND HUMAN IDEAL Contradictoriness of Human Existence History and Ideal Looking into Marx's Realm of Ideal from the Angle of Real History

Into the Depths of History. Research on Marx's Historical Materialism

Author: Xianda Chen

Publisher:

Published: 2014-02-01

Total Pages: 638

ISBN-13: 9786054923069

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- Historical Materialism Series - This original and comprehensive study explores the formation, development and later 20th century enrichments on Marx's historical materialism theories. It innovatively interprets its formation period between 1835-1845 which has always been the object of heated discussions. The author gives special attention on the thoughts Marx and Engels had similarities and even agreement with their contemporaries especially Feuerbach and followers of Hegel. Naturally each philosopher has his own specific formation which applies for Marx, and his unique differences with his contemporaries at the certain point of time rapidly led him to establish the materialist concept of history. Recently we see a revival of interest in the nature and utility of this discovery by Marx. Debate amongst historians and philosophers on Marx's assertions on the role of man as the subject of history also the relations between Marx's practice view and historical materialism is an important focus of the book which has an impressive record three editions within ten years. Chen Xianda passionately argues, "Social science can fully become as accurate as natural science. To do this, the first thing is to determine its nature accurately, that is, to have a scientific understanding of the macroscopic laws of history. Different from living organisms, the social organism has its unique laws. The various systems in society with their special structures and functions are interrelated and constitute an indivisible whole. It is impossible to understand society without grasping the laws of social development and without analyzing the nature and complex causality in social phenomena. However, human understanding of society cannot rest on the qualitative analysis, and quantitative analysis should be conducted wherever it is possible. With the emergence of world-wide technological revolutions, the spread of the system theories, control/simulation theory, information theory and even mathematical methods being applied into social sciences provides conditions for the accurate grasp of the quantitative determination of social phenomena. The mutual permeation between natural science and social science is a progressive tendency, and Marxist philosophy researchers should face the world and the contemporary era, and summarize the new achievements in those technological revolutions. The achievements in natural science enrich and affirm instead of reducing the scientific character of the materialist conception of history. No methods offered by natural science can replace the materialist conception of history, and history has proved that the methods of positivism and empiricism were unsuitable." The author is among the leading researchers of history and theories of Marxism in China, who greatly influenced several important debates in the Chinese academia in the last three decades, including those on Marxist humanism, the role of superstructure, ontology and practical materialism. The generous appendix part of the book with six of his famous articles, contains author's important direct contributions to these debates, including his ideas on the present issues of Marxist philosophy in China and the world.

Historical Materialism and the Economics of Karl Marx

Author: Benedetto Croce

Publisher:

Published: 1914

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13:

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Karl Marx’s Philosophy of Nature, Action and Society

Author: Justin Holt

Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published: 2009-05-27

Total Pages: 200

ISBN-13: 1443811874

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This work analyses Marx's philosophy of nature and shows how it is the basis for his practical philosophy. Previous analysis of Marx's philosophy of nature has considered humans as only natural beings and social beings. But, Marx analyzed humans' relationship to the natural world and to themselves as natural, social, and material. This material feature of human action can server as a basis for social critique and as the foundation for a practical analysis. The first chapter of this book analyzes Marx's philosophy of nature from his early to late works and argues that humans are natural begins that use nature to develop new capacities. This consideration is central in Marx's critiques of Hegel and Feuerbach. The second chapter discusses Marx's material critique of social forms and discusses why the distinction between material action and social action is a key component of Marx critique of capitalism. This chapter also discusses industrial history, ideology, wages, justice, and valorization. The third and final chapter builds on Marx's materialist analysis to develop a standard of practical action that takes human's material activity as its basis. This chapter also discusses classical historical materialist claims, liberal ethical theories, and a practical philosophic consideration of socialism.

MarxÕs Ecology

Author: John Bellamy Foster

Publisher: NYU Press

Published: 2000-03-01

Total Pages: 325

ISBN-13: 1583670114

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Progress requires the conquest of nature. Or does it? This startling new account overturns conventional interpretations of Marx and in the process outlines a more rational approach to the current environmental crisis. Marx, it is often assumed, cared only about industrial growth and the development of economic forces. John Bellamy Foster examines Marx's neglected writings on capitalist agriculture and soil ecology, philosophical naturalism, and evolutionary theory. He shows that Marx, known as a powerful critic of capitalist society, was also deeply concerned with the changing human relationship to nature. Marx's Ecology covers many other thinkers, including Epicurus, Charles Darwin, Thomas Malthus, Ludwig Feuerbach, P. J. Proudhon, and William Paley. By reconstructing a materialist conception of nature and society, Marx's Ecology challenges the spiritualism prevalent in the modern Green movement, pointing toward a method that offers more lasting and sustainable solutions to the ecological crisis.

A New Introduction to Karl Marx

Author: Ryuji Sasaki

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-01-30

Total Pages: 235

ISBN-13: 3030529509

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This book provides a concise overview of Marx’s philosophy and political economy, tracing various changes of his theoretical views over time through his practical and theoretical engagements with contradictions of capitalism from the unique perspective of Japanese Marxism. While it offers an objective introduction to Marx’s critique of capitalism, Sasaki uniquely pays particular attention to the concept of “metabolism,” whose disruption under the capitalist mode of production causes exhaustion of labour-power as well as natural resources. Sasaki reconstructs Marx as a revolutionary thinker, whose devoted his entire life for the sake of establishing a more free and equal society beyond capitalism. Sasaki’s book shows that Marx’s passion for the socialist revolution in his last years is recorded in his late excerpt notebooks that become available through the Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe.

Historical Materialism and the Economics of Karl Marx

Author: Benedetto Croce

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2014-03-22

Total Pages: 208

ISBN-13: 9781497419414

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CONTENTS INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I- CONCERNING THE SCIENTIFIC FORM OF HISTORICAL MATERIALISM 1. Labriola implies that historical materialism is not a philosophy of history: Materialistic theory of History as stated by Labriola not an attempt to establish a law of history: This contrasted with theories of monists, and teleologists: Engels' statement that it is a new method erroneous 2. Historical materialism a mass of new data of which historian becomes conscious 3. Questions as to relations between historical materialism and socialism; Absolute morality a necessary postulate of socialism CHAPTER II CONCERNING HISTORICAL MATERIALISM VIEWED AS A SCIENCE OF SOCIAL ECONOMICS 1. Relation between Professor Stammler's book on historical materialism and Marxism: Distinction between pure economics and general historical economics: CHAPTER III CONCERNING THE INTERPRETATION AND CRITICISM OF SOME CONCEPTS OF MARXISM I. OF THE SCIENTIFIC PROBLEM IN MARX'S 'DAS KAPITAL' Das Kapital an abstract investigation: His society is not this or that society: Treats only of capitalist society: Assumption of equivalence between value and labour: Is not a moral ideal: Marx's deductions from it II. MARX'S PROBLEM AND PURE ECONOMICS (GENERAL ECONOMIC SCIENCE) Marxian economics not general economic science and labour-value not a general concept of value: Engels' rejection of general economic law: relation of economic psychology to pure economics: pure economics does not destroy history or progress III. CONCERNING THE LIMITATION OF THE MATERIALISTIC THEORY OF HISTORY Historical materialism a canon of historical interpretation: Question as to how Marx and Engels understood it: Their metaphysical tendency IV. OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN FACE OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS Socialism and free trade not scientific deductions: Obsolete metaphysics of old theory of free trade: The desirable is not science nor the practicable: Scientific law only applicable under certain conditions: Element of daring in all action V. OF ETHICAL JUDGMENT IN FACE OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS Meaning of Marx's phrase the 'impotence of morality' and his remark that morality condemns what has been condemned by history: Profundity of Marx's philosophy immaterial: Kant's position not surpassed VI. CONCLUSION Recapitulation: 1. Justification of Marxian economics as comparative sociological economics: 2. Historical materialism simply a canon of historical interpretation: 3. Marxian social programme not a pure science: 4. Marxism neither intrinsically moral nor anti-moral CHAPTER IV RECENT INTERPRETATIONS OF THE MARXIAN THEORY OF VALUE AND CONTROVERSIES CONCERNING THEM I Labriola's criticism of method and conclusions of preceeding essays answered II Meaning of phrase crisis in Marxianism: Sorel's view of equivalence of value and labour mostly in agreement with view put forward above: Surplus product same as surplus value CHAPTER V A CRITICISM OF THE MARXIAN LAW OF THE FALL IN THE RATE OF PROFITS Interpretation here given assumes acceptance of Marx's main principles: Necessary decline in rate of profit on hypothesis of technical improvement: Marx assumes that would be an increase of capital: Would be same capital and increase in rate of profits CHAPTER VI ON THE ECONOMIC PRINCIPLE TWO LETTERS TO PROFESSOR V. PARETO I Reasons why the mechanical conception erroneous, economic fact capable of appraisement: Economic datum a fact of human activity: Distinction and connection between pleasure and choice: Economic datum a fact of will: Knowledge a necessary presupposition of will II Disagreement (1) about method (2) postulates: (1) Nothing arbitrary in economic method, analogy of classificatory sciences erroneous: (2) Metaphysical postulate that facts of human activity same as physical facts erroneous: Definition of practical activity in so far as admits of definition: Moral and economic activity and approval: Economic and moral remorse: Economic scale of values INDEX OF NAMES

Ernst Bloch’s Speculative Materialism

Author: Cat Moir

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2019-12-09

Total Pages: 193

ISBN-13: 9004272879

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In Ernst Bloch’s Speculative Materialism: Ontology, Epistemology, Politics, Cat Moir offers a new interpretation of the philosophy of Ernst Bloch. The reception of Bloch’s work has seen him variously painted as a naïve realist, a romantic nature philosopher, a totalitarian thinker, and an irrationalist whose obscure literary style stands in for a lack of systematic rigour. Moir challenges these conceptions of Bloch by reconstructing the ontological, epistemological, and political dimensions of his speculative materialism. Through a close, historically contextualised reading of Bloch’s major work of ontology, Das Materialismusproblem, seine Geschichte und Substanz (The Materialism Problem, its History and Substance), Moir presents Bloch as one of the twentieth century’s most significant critical thinkers.

The Revolutionary Philosophy of Marxism

Author: Karl Marx

Publisher: Marxist Books

Published: 2018-11-22

Total Pages: 475

ISBN-13:

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A Selection of Writings on Dialectical Materialism by Marx, Engels, Lenin, Trotsky, Plekhanov, and Luxemburg, and Alan Woods. Edited by John Peterson with an Introduction by Alan Woods. On the bicentennial of his birth, Karl Marx’s ideas are more relevant than ever. While he is perhaps best known for his writings on economics and history, anyone who wishes to have a fully rounded understanding of his method must strive to master dialectical materialism, which itself resulted from an assiduous study and critique of Hegel. Dialectical materialism is the logic of motion, development, and change. By embracing contradiction instead of trying to write it out of reality, dialectics allows Marxists to approach processes as they really are, not as we would like them to be. In this way we can understand and explain the essential class interests at stake in our fight against capitalist exploitation and oppression. At every decisive turning point in history, scientific socialists must go back to basics. Marxist theory represents the synthesized experience, historical memory, and guide to action of the working class. The Revolutionary Philosophy of Marxism aims to arm the new generation of revolutionary socialists with these essential ideas.

Time in Marx

Author: Stavros Tombazos

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2013-11-21

Total Pages: 353

ISBN-13: 9004256261

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This book demonstrates that the basic concepts of the three volumes of Capital come under different categories of time: "time of production" in the first volume is linear, “time of circulation” in the second is circular, while in the third volume “organic time” is the unity of the two. Capitalist relations emerge as a definite organisation of social time that obeys its own intrinsic criteria and operates as an autonomous, social subject. Reading Capital from this perspective, it becomes possible to restore its dialectical (Hegelian) logic – not in order to reveal the “real” Marx, but as a means to contribute to the understanding of the real, capitalist world with its present-day fetishes, its explosive contradictions and its ever deeper crises.