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Maat Revealed, Philosophy of Justice in Ancient Egypt

Author: Anna Mancini

Publisher: BUENOS BOOKS AMERICA LLC

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 132

ISBN-13: 193284810X

Categories: Egyptology, philosophy of law, history of religions Unlike ancient Rome, Egypt did not transmit any legal system to us, but rather an idea of justice our modern minds can hardly understand. In the ancient Egyptian world, almost all the texts and inscriptions speak of justice. All the texts of wisdom teach that one has to conform to Maat, an obscure and omnipresent concept that Egyptologists have translated into the expression "Goddess of Truth and Justice." Egyptian justice is so different from ours that Egyptologists and historians of religions believe they have not yet fully understood its meaning. They regret this fact because understanding Maat would be a gateway to a deeper understanding of the ancient Egyptian world. As for lawyers, they have limited themselves to the Greco-Roman sources on the philosophy of Justice and the discoveries of Egyptologists in this philosophical field remain thoroughly ignored. Thanks to her experience in ancient history of law and her ability to understand ancient symbols, the author provides Egyptology with the missing pieces that were needed to form a coherent image of Maat. Once revealed, Maat sheds a new and unexpected light on the whole of Egyptian civilization. As a bridge between traditionally separate fields of academic research, this book is a useful and groundbreaking contribution to Egyptology, the history of religions and the modern philosophy of law.

The Meaning of Dreams

Author: Anna Mancini

Publisher: BUENOS BOOKS AMERICA LLC

Published: 2007-03

Total Pages: 114

ISBN-13: 1932848436

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Dreams are at the heart of a process where tangible and intangible worlds are intimately intermingled. Indeed, a dream is an intangible phenomenon occurring in a physical body that stands in an environment both material and informational (intangible). A systematic investigation of the connections between dreams and reality sheds new light on the dream process and on the functioning of the mind. This book invites you, the reader, to discover the results you can achieve through a more comprehensive and unified approach to the dream process. It gives you advice on how to carry out your own research. Reading this book will help you become better aware of the role played by your body at the meeting point between dreams and reality, between the tangible and the intangible (Chapter 1). The book describes an efficient method for observing the dream process (Chapter 2) and explains the results you can achieve with it through your own experimentation (Chapter 3). Through your personal exploration of the whole dream process you will be able to verify for yourself the reality of certain faculties of the mind which are commonly considered to be "paranormal". You will see that they can be explained rationally. Chapter 4 of the book explains how you can use the dream process to find answers to your questions, whether they regard your daily life (health, work, relationships, life guidance) or your artistic or scientific creativity. The last chapter (Chapter 5) explains why faculties today considered to be paranormal are destined to a natural collective awakening. With this book, I invite you to observe your dreams and their connections with your reality, with a mind as neutral as possible. This is the best way to understand the meaning of your dreams. Try, then, to forget all you have ever heard about dreams, and just look at them and observe the whole dream process, and not only the dreams. Everything I assert in the book can be verified through personal experience by using the proposed method of observation. With this method everyone, even the most skeptical person, can verify the existence of unusual faculties of the mind, and learn to develop and use them. Key words: dreams and reality, precognitive dreams, future in dreams, premonitory dreams, dream interpretation, meaning of dreams, paranormal faculties, telepathy, dreams and health, dreams and abundance, dreams and the past, mind and body, nightmares, dreaming brain, lucid dreams

Ma'at. Story of Justice in ancient Egypt

Author: Mostafa Shaker

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2018-02-16

Total Pages: 116

ISBN-13: 3668638659

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Diploma Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Egyptology, University of Heidelberg (institut von Aegyptologie), language: English, abstract: Egyptian society was founded on the concept of ma‛at. Ma‛at regulated the seasons, the movement of the stars, and relations between man and the gods; it was a golden thread running through their ideas about the universe and their code of ethics; it formed the basis of their thinking and especially of the way they approached justice and law. Ma‛at related to activities of human life and the cosmos in general. After its creation by the sun god Re, ma‛at ordered the universe. Since the pharaoh was a living god, ruling by divine right, he was the supreme judge and lawgiver. As Re’s representative on earth, he was responsible for the preservation of ma‛at and was the nexus between ma‛at and the law (hp). Ma‛at had a religious, ethical, and moral connection, since it was the guiding principle for all aspects of life and represented the values that all people sought. Ma'at is an idea, invented by the king, and believed by the whole world

Vegetarian and Organic Paris, Locations and Information about Vegetarian Restaurants, Juice Bars, Organic Food Shops, Organic Bakeries and Artesian Wells in Paris

Author: Laure Goldbright

Publisher: BUENOS BOOKS AMERICA LLC

Published: 2009-05

Total Pages: 130

ISBN-13: 1932848525

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This book is destined for vegetarians, vegans, and people who want to stay healthy by eating better foods obtained in compliance with the laws of nature. Although Paris is not yet a vegetarian haven like London or New York, vegetarianism is now booming here, as well as the use of organic foods in traditional restaurants. This is very good news ! Vegetarian Paris has now become Vegetarian and Organic Paris to include traditional French restaurants using organic products and being vegetarian-friendly. This year, I have added a "Read Me First" section in the book. Here, I have grouped information about what continues to be hard to find in Paris, including where to find wheatgrass juice, have an organic breakfast, eat without gluten, eat organic crepes, have organic Italian meals, have meals with many sprouted seeds, buy organic products with your Amex card, etc. In addition, the section includes a useful list of the restaurants that no longer exist but continue to be mentioned on many websites. In the first chapter, "Restaurants," you will find addresses, telephone numbers, business hours and closest metro stations of Parisian restaurants. Also included are brief examples of meals proposed and price, the percentage of organically grown products used in the preparation of meals, the kind of restaurant (vegetarian, vegan, macrobiotic, vegetarian-friendly) and website addresses, when available. You will also find pictures of the restaurants listed. The second chapter lists organic and non-organic juice bars and soup bars and quality vegetarian (or vegetarian-friendly) snack bars. Included are the names, addresses, business hours, phone numbers, and closest metro stations, as well as examples of meals/juices/soups proposed with their prices and organic ingredients used. The third chapter lists organic food shops with their names, addresses, business hours and phone numbers. When available, the number of seats for eating-in and websites are given. In the fourth chapter you will find listed the artesian wells still open to the public. Here you can get pure spring water for free, and chat with French people. In the fifth and sixth chapters, you will find lists of the main organic bakeries in Paris and information about organic food open markets. At the end of the book is an English-French food dictionary to help you get what you really want. I hope that Vegetarian and Organic Paris will help you enjoy even more the City of Light. Bon voyage and bon apptit!

International Patent Law is Obsolete

Author: Anna Mancini

Publisher: BUENOS BOOKS AMERICA LLC

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 118

ISBN-13: 1932848177

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Since it was developed during the industrial revolution to protect material innovations, patent law often cannot be applied to intangible industrial inventions, such as software. International patent law must be adapted to cover the emerging virtual world, but this has not been done. Unsuited to modern innovation, the author argues that international patent law has reached a period of decline. This book explains why we have reached this situation, and how and why the international patent system must be modernised and rebalanced.

Maat in Egyptian Autobiographies and Related Studies

Author: Miriam Lichtheim

Publisher: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht

Published: 1992

Total Pages: 244

ISBN-13:

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God, Grace, and Righteousness in Wisdom of Solomon and Paul's Letter to the Romans

Author: Jonathan A. Linebaugh

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2013-09-12

Total Pages: 282

ISBN-13: 9004257411

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In God, Grace, and Righteousness in Wisdom of Solomon and Paul's Letter to the Romans, Jonathan A. Linebaugh places the Wisdom of Solomon and the Letter to the Romans in conversation. Both texts discuss the relationship of Jew and Gentile, the meaning of God's grace and righteousness, and offer readings of Israel's scripture. These shared themes provide talking-points, initiating a dialogue on anthropology, soteriology, and hermeneutics. By listening in on this conversation, Linebaugh demonstrates that while these texts have much in common, the theologies they articulate are ultimately incommensurable because they think from different events - Wisdom from the pre-creational order crafted by Sophia and exemplified in the Exodus; Paul from the incongruous gift of Christ which justifies the ungodly.

Tax Law and Racial Economic Justice

Author: Andre L. Smith

Publisher: Lexington Books

Published: 2015-06-03

Total Pages: 241

ISBN-13: 1498503667

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No study of Black people in America can be complete without considering how openly discriminatory tax laws helped establish a racial caste system in the United States, how they were designed to exclude blacks from lucrative markets and the voting franchise, and how tax laws extracted and redistributed vast sums of black wealth. Not only was slavery nearly a 100% tax on black labor, so too was Jim Crow apartheid and tax laws specified the peculiar institution as “negro slavery.” The first instances of affirmative action in the United States were tax laws designed to attract white men to the South. The nineteenth-century Federal Tariff indirectly redistributed perhaps a majority of the profits from slavery from the South to the North and is the principle reason the Confederate states seceded. The only constitutional amendment obtained by the Civil Rights Movement is the Twenty-Sixth Amendment abolishing poll taxes in federal elections. Blending traditional legal theory, neoclassical economics, and a pan-African view of history, these six interrelated essays on race and taxes demonstrate that, even in today’s supposedly post-racial society, there is no area of human activity where racial dynamics are absent.

The Forty-two Precepts of Maat

Author: Muata Ashby

Publisher: Cruzian Mystic Books

Published: 2006-01-01

Total Pages: 144

ISBN-13: 9781884564482

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THE FORTY TWO PRECEPTS OF MAAT, THE PHILOSOPHY OF RIGHTEOUS ACTION AND THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN WISDOM TEXTS ADVANCED STUDIES This manual is designed for use with the 1998 Maat Philosophy Class conducted by Dr. Muata Ashby. This is a detailed study of Maat Philosophy. It contains a compilation of the 42 laws or precepts of Maat and the corresponding principles which they represent along with the teachings of the ancient Egyptian Sages relating to each. Maat philosophy was the basis of Ancient Egyptian society and government as well as the heart of Ancient Egyptian myth and spirituality. Maat is at once a goddess, a cosmic force and a living social doctrine, which promotes social harmony and thereby paves the way for spiritual evolution in all levels of society.

Law in Ancient Egypt

Author: Russ VerSteeg

Publisher:

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13:

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Law in Ancient Egypt examines the legal philosophy, legal institutions, and laws of the ancient Egyptians. Ancient documents, accounts, and literature provide the basis for a wide perspective of law and the Egyptian legal system. VerSteeg delineates and analyzes the elements of Egyptian law, explaining how social, religious, cultural, and political forces shaped both the procedural and substantive aspects of law. Part I considers the theory of justice in ancient Egypt, exploring the role of law in society. Part I also traces the development of the judicial system distinguishing the various types of judges, courts, and procedures that were employed to make justice available to all. Part II reconstructs the substantive laws of the ancient Egyptians, including chapters detailing property, family law, inheritance and succession, tort and criminal law, contracts, and status. Land records, wills, sales documents, court chronicles, works of ancient fiction, and accounts of ancient trials illustrate the sophisticated, often subtle, and complex nature of law in ancient Egypt. This study provides an introduction to law in ancient Egypt. It is the first comprehensive overview of the subject written from the perspective of someone trained as an American lawyer who is also sufficiently familiar with the discipline of Egyptology. The book will be of interest to Egyptologists, legal historians, law students, and educated non-specialists who are interested in the interaction of law, history, and ancient culture.