Logic

Logic PDF

Author: Christian Freiherr von Wolff

Publisher:

Published: 1770

Total Pages: 356

ISBN-13:

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Logic, Or Rational Thoughts on the Powers of the Human Understanding; With Their Use and Application in the Knowledge and Search of Truth. Translated From the German of Baron Wolfius. To Which is Prefixed a Life of the Author

Logic, Or Rational Thoughts on the Powers of the Human Understanding; With Their Use and Application in the Knowledge and Search of Truth. Translated From the German of Baron Wolfius. To Which is Prefixed a Life of the Author PDF

Author: Christian Wolff

Publisher: Gale Ecco, Print Editions

Published: 2018-04-20

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781379916079

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The 18th century was a wealth of knowledge, exploration and rapidly growing technology and expanding record-keeping made possible by advances in the printing press. In its determination to preserve the century of revolution, Gale initiated a revolution of its own: digitization of epic proportions to preserve these invaluable works in the largest archive of its kind. Now for the first time these high-quality digital copies of original 18th century manuscripts are available in print, making them highly accessible to libraries, undergraduate students, and independent scholars. The Age of Enlightenment profoundly enriched religious and philosophical understanding and continues to influence present-day thinking. Works collected here include masterpieces by David Hume, Immanuel Kant, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, as well as religious sermons and moral debates on the issues of the day, such as the slave trade. The Age of Reason saw conflict between Protestantism and Catholicism transformed into one between faith and logic -- a debate that continues in the twenty-first century. ++++ The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure edition identification: ++++ British Library T145616 London: printed for L. Hawes, W. Clarke, and R. Collins, 1770. [4], lxxxviii,228, [6]p.; 8°

A Guided Tour of Artificial Intelligence Research

A Guided Tour of Artificial Intelligence Research PDF

Author: Pierre Marquis

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-05-08

Total Pages: 808

ISBN-13: 3030061647

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The purpose of this book is to provide an overview of AI research, ranging from basic work to interfaces and applications, with as much emphasis on results as on current issues. It is aimed at an audience of master students and Ph.D. students, and can be of interest as well for researchers and engineers who want to know more about AI. The book is split into three volumes: - the first volume brings together twenty-three chapters dealing with the foundations of knowledge representation and the formalization of reasoning and learning (Volume 1. Knowledge representation, reasoning and learning) - the second volume offers a view of AI, in fourteen chapters, from the side of the algorithms (Volume 2. AI Algorithms) - the third volume, composed of sixteen chapters, describes the main interfaces and applications of AI (Volume 3. Interfaces and applications of AI). Implementing reasoning or decision making processes requires an appropriate representation of the pieces of information to be exploited. This first volume starts with a historical chapter sketching the slow emergence of building blocks of AI along centuries. Then the volume provides an organized overview of different logical, numerical, or graphical representation formalisms able to handle incomplete information, rules having exceptions, probabilistic and possibilistic uncertainty (and beyond), as well as taxonomies, time, space, preferences, norms, causality, and even trust and emotions among agents. Different types of reasoning, beyond classical deduction, are surveyed including nonmonotonic reasoning, belief revision, updating, information fusion, reasoning based on similarity (case-based, interpolative, or analogical), as well as reasoning about actions, reasoning about ontologies (description logics), argumentation, and negotiation or persuasion between agents. Three chapters deal with decision making, be it multiple criteria, collective, or under uncertainty. Two chapters cover statistical computational learning and reinforcement learning (other machine learning topics are covered in Volume 2). Chapters on diagnosis and supervision, validation and explanation, and knowledge base acquisition complete the volume.

Maimon's Essay on a New Logic Or Theory of Thinking

Maimon's Essay on a New Logic Or Theory of Thinking PDF

Author: Timothy Franz

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2024-09-09

Total Pages: 401

ISBN-13: 0197658423

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The Essay on a New Logic or Theory of Thinking, originally published in Berlin in 1794, was Salomon Maimon's hard-won success after a lifetime's pursuit of philosophical wisdom, Timothy Franz presents its first English translation. Franz translates the entirety of the New Logic, Maimon's Letters to Aenesidemus, two hostile reviews he vigorously annotated, and his letters to Kant, Reinhold, and Fichte about the work. Franz prefaces the text with a new history of Maimon's unique philosophical development, an introduction that discusses Maimon's relation to Kant, and a commentary that reconciles Maimon's idiosyncratically disjointed style with his unified vision of a systematic philosophy of reflection. This makes Maimon's work available for further study.