Life As a Child Laborer During the Industrial Revolution

Life As a Child Laborer During the Industrial Revolution PDF

Author: Andrew Coddington

Publisher: Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC

Published: 2016-07-15

Total Pages: 32

ISBN-13: 1502617730

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In the 1700s and 1800s, many new inventions were being created. This brought the rise of the Industrial Revolution in England and Europe, and eventually, in the 1900s, in America. The Industrial Revolution of the United States saw new factories being built. This was an opportunity for businesses to expand. To do so, factories and mines needed new workers. Children were the cheapest laborers business owners could get. They often had to work long hours performing difficult jobs. This book explores what life was like for a child laborer during this time. It examines how children survived such harsh environments and how policies on child labor changed over time.

Childhood and Child Labour in the British Industrial Revolution

Childhood and Child Labour in the British Industrial Revolution PDF

Author: Jane Humphries

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-06-24

Total Pages: 455

ISBN-13: 1139489283

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This is a unique account of working-class childhood during the British industrial revolution, first published in 2010. Using more than 600 autobiographies written by working men of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries Jane Humphries illuminates working-class childhood in contexts untouched by conventional sources and facilitates estimates of age at starting work, social mobility, the extent of apprenticeship and the duration of schooling. The classic era of industrialisation, 1790–1850, apparently saw an upsurge in child labour. While the memoirs implicate mechanisation and the division of labour in this increase, they also show that fatherlessness and large subsets, common in these turbulent, high-mortality and high-fertility times, often cast children as partners and supports for mothers struggling to hold families together. The book offers unprecedented insights into child labour, family life, careers and schooling. Its images of suffering, stoicism and occasional childish pleasures put the humanity back into economic history and the trauma back into the industrial revolution.

Life During the Industrial Revolution

Life During the Industrial Revolution PDF

Author: Julia Garstecki

Publisher: ABDO

Published: 2015-01-01

Total Pages: 51

ISBN-13: 1629694460

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Have you ever wondered what life was like for individuals and families in the Industrial Revolution? Learn about what their days consisted of, what they ate and wore, and more! Primary sources with accompanying questions, multiple prompts, A Day in the Life section, index, and glossary also included. Aligned to Common Core Standards and correlated to state standards. Core Library is an imprint of Abdo Publishing, a division of ABDO.

Childhood and Child Labour in Industrial England

Childhood and Child Labour in Industrial England PDF

Author: Dr Katrina Honeyman

Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.

Published: 2013-11-28

Total Pages: 536

ISBN-13: 147240064X

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The purpose of this collection is to bring together representative examples of the most recent work that is taking an understanding of children and childhood in new directions. The two key overarching themes are diversity: social, economic, geographical, and cultural; and agency: the need to see children in industrial England as participants - even protagonists - in the process of historical change, not simply as passive recipients or victims. Contributors address such crucial subjects as the varied experience of work; poverty and apprenticeship; institutional care; the political voice of children; child sexual abuse; and children and education. This volume, therefore, includes some of the best, innovative work on the history of children and childhood currently being written by both younger and established scholars.

Hard At Work In Factories And Mines

Hard At Work In Factories And Mines PDF

Author: Carolyn Tuttle

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2021-11-28

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 0429701500

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Children have worked for centuries and continue to work. The history of the economic development of Europe and North America includes numerous instances of child labor. Manufacturers in England, France, Belgium, Germany, and Prussia as well as the United States used child labor during the initial stages of industrialization. In addition, child labor prevails currently in many industries in the Third World. This book examines the explanations for child labor in an economic context. A model of the labor market for children is constructed using the new economics of the family framework to derive the supply of child labor and the traditional labor theory of marginal productivity to derive the demand for child labor. The model is placed into a historical context and is used to test the existing supply-and-demand-induced explanations for an increase in child labor during the British Industrial Revolution. Evidence on the extent of childrens employment, their specific tasks and trends in their wages from the textile industry and mining industry is used to support the argument that it was technological innovation which created a demand for child labor. Certain mechanical inventions and process innovations increased the demand for child labor in three ways: increasing number of assistants needed; increasing the substitutability between children and adults, and creating work situations that only children could fill. Specific innovations in the production of textiles and in the extraction of coal, copper and tin are highlighted to show how they favored the use of child workers over adult workers. The book concludes with a look at the current situations in developing countries where child labor is prevalent. Considerable insight is gained on the role of child labor in economic development when this historical model is applied to the contemporary situation.

Child Labor

Child Labor PDF

Author: Hugh D Hindman

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-09-16

Total Pages: 434

ISBN-13: 1315290839

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Despite its decline throughout the advanced industrial nations, child labor remains one of the major social, political, and economic concerns of modern history, as witnessed by the many high-profile stories on child labor and sweatshops in the media today. This work considers the issue in three parts. The first section discusses child labor as a social and economic problem in America from an historical and theoretical perspective. The second part presents child labor as National Child Labor Committee investigators found it in major American industries and occupations, including coal mines, cotton textile mills, and sweatshops in the early 1900s. Finally, the concluding section integrates these findings and attempts to apply them to child labor problems in America and the rest of the world today.

Boys in the Pits

Boys in the Pits PDF

Author: Robert Gordon McIntosh

Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 346

ISBN-13: 9780773520936

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Beginning early in the nineteenth century, thousands of Canadian boys, some as young as eight, laboured underground - driving pit ponies along narrow passageways, manipulating ventilation doors, and helping miners cut and load coal at the coalface to produce the energy that fuelled Canada's industrial revolution. Boys died in the mines in explosions and accidents but they also organised strikes for better working conditions but were instead expelled from the mines and lost their jobs.Boys in the Pits shows the rapid maturity of the boys and their role in resisting exploitation. In what will certainly be a controversial interpretation of child labour, Robert McIntosh recasts wage-earning children as more than victims, showing that they were individuals who responded intelligently and resourcefully to their circumstances.Boys in the Pits is particularly timely as, despite the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, accepted by the General assembly in 1989, child labour still occurs throughout the world and continues to generate controversy. McIntosh provides an important new perspective from which to consider these debates, reorienting our approach to child labour, explaining rather than condemning the practice. Within the broader social context of the period, where the place of children was being redefined as - and limited to - the home, school, and playground, he examines the role of changing technologies, alternative sources of unskilled labour, new divisions of labour, changes in the family economy, and legislation to explore the changing extent of child labour in the mines.Robert McIntosh is employed at the National Archives of Canada.

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