Lateralization in the Nervous system

Lateralization in the Nervous system PDF

Author: Stevan Harnad

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 587

ISBN-13: 0323145132

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

Lateralization in the Nervous System reviews various aspects of lateralization in the nervous system, with emphasis on approaches such as the investigation of turning tendencies and electrocortical indices of hemispheric asymmetry. Experimental paradigms and outcomes that are applicable to both human and nonhuman species are highlighted. This book is comprised of 26 chapters and begins with an overview of functional lateralization in nonhuman species such as monkeys. Brain asymmetry is examined in context with other biological asymmetries in the quest for general mechanisms and principles of lateralization. The problem of inheritance, embryology, and development of asymmetry is also discussed from a variety of environmentalist and nativist perspectives. Highly suggestive invertebrate and avian models for lateralization are presented, along with the evidence for cerebral dominance and handedness in nonhuman species. Human clinical neuropsychological findings, such as the effects of unilateral cortical and thalamic lesions and the syndrome of unilateral neglect, are considered, together with asymmetries in perception and attention. This monograph will be of interest to psychologists (physiological, cognitive, developmental, and clinical), behavioral biologists, neuroscientists, neurologists, and psychiatrists, as well as to scholars and educators from the humanities and social sciences who are concerned with the nature and biological bases of left-right differences in brain, behavior, and thinking.

Cerebral Lateralization

Cerebral Lateralization PDF

Author: Norman Geschwind

Publisher: Bradford Books

Published: 1985

Total Pages: 283

ISBN-13: 9780262071017

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

Cerebral Lateralization is Norman Geschwind's last and perhaps most controversial work. Cowritten with Albert M. Galaburda, it presents his bold theory of left-handedness and brain development, exploring as no other current study has done the biology behind cerebral dominance or the specialization of the left and right sides of the brain for different functions. This book, which illustrates and expands material that appeared in three issues of The Archives of Neurology, provides extensive discussions of the anatomical and chemical differences between the hemispheres, their development in fetal life, their evolution, and their relationship to hemispheric function. The various factors that affect brain structure - endocrinological, immunological, and genetic - particularly dominance characteristics in intrauterine life, are fully covered, offering new insights into the nature-nurture question and pointing up the importance of the fetal environment in altering the properties of the brain. Many other intriguing areas are explored - the evidence for anatomical asymmetry during evolution and in other species, the concept of handedness and problems of its assessment, anatomical alterations in the brains of dyslexics, the advantages and disadvantages of cerebral dominance such as the elevated rate of left-handedness in certain highly skilled occupations, its association with childhood learning disorders, immune disease, and twinning. Seyeral sections are devoted to diseases with unilateral predominance in the brain or the body and those associated with particular dominance patterns. The final chapter, which deals with asymmetries in physics and chemistry and their possible relationship to the eventual development of dominance in both humans and other species, shows the importance of asymmetry of the nervous system in probably all animals. Norman Geschwind, M.D. (1926-1984) was James Jackson Putnam Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Director of the Neurological Unit, Beth Israel Hospital, and Professor of Psychology at MIT. Albert M. Galaburda, M.D. is Associate Professor of Neurology at Harvard Medical School. A Bradford Book.

Doubling the Brain

Doubling the Brain PDF

Author: Janet Dunaif-Hattis

Publisher: Peter Lang Incorporated, International Academic Publishers

Published: 1984

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

Revised version of the author's thesis (Ph. D.)--Northwestern University, 1981.

Primate Laterality

Primate Laterality PDF

Author: Jeannette P. Ward

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 372

ISBN-13: 146124370X

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

This book arrays recent research on the neural and behavioral lateralization of the brain relying heavily on animal modes. The authors employ the comparative method to enhance our understanding of behavior, specifically through hand use and "handedness" by drawing comparisons with studies involving primates. Topics discussed include Patterns of Lateralized Behavior in Prosimians; Behavioral Lateralization in Language-Trained Chimpanzees; Patterns of Handedness: Comparative Study of Nursery School Children and Captive Gorillas; and Rotational Behavior in Children and Adults. It is the first book of its kind devoted entirely to the question of behavioral asymmetries in all primates and thus presents a milestone as it recognizes the accumulating evidence of asymmetry and lateralized behavior in the non-human nervous system.

Laterality Functional Asymmetry in the Intact Brain

Laterality Functional Asymmetry in the Intact Brain PDF

Author: M Bryden

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 336

ISBN-13: 0323155421

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

Laterality: Functional Asymmetry in the Intact Brain focuses on brain function and laterality as well as the various methods in assessing behavioral asymmetries, including handedness. It reviews the literature on perceptual-cognitive laterality effects in different sensory modalities, the lateralization of emotion and motor behavior, and the electrophysiological evidence. It also highlights some of the problems with the existing research and offers suggestions about the direction of future research. Organized into 17 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of cerebral asymmetry and the origins and mechanisms of lateralization. Then, it discusses the individual differences in laterality, methods and measurement used in laterality studies, and experiments on dichotic listening and auditory lateralization. The next chapters focus on the link between verbal laterality and handedness, tactual and perceptual laterality, asymmetry of motor performance, lateralization of emotional processes, and physiological measures of asymmetry. The book also introduces the handedness and its relation to cerebral function, genetics of laterality, development of cerebral lateralization, individual differences in cerebral organization, sex differences in laterality, reading- and language-related deficits, and control of the active hemisphere before concluding with a chapter discussing the experimental or strategy effects, the concept of complementary specialization, and the dichotomy between the two hemispheres of the brain. This book is a valuable resource for neuropsychologists, experimental psychologists, neurologists, and educators interested in understanding human brain function.

Advances in Vertebrate Neuroethology

Advances in Vertebrate Neuroethology PDF

Author: Jorg-Peter Ewert

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 1212

ISBN-13: 1468444123

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

This volume presents the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Advances in Vertebrate Neuroethology" held at the University of Kassel, Federal Republic of Germany in August 1981. During the last decade much progress has been made in understanding the neurophysiological bases of behavior in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The reason for this is that a number of new physiological, anatomical, and histochemical techniques have recently been developed for brain research which can now be combined with ethological methods for the analysis of animal behavior to form a new field of research known as "Neuroethology". The term Neuroethology was originally introduced by S.L.Brown and R.W.Hunsperger (1963) in connection with studies on the activation of agonistic behaviors by electrical brain stimulation in cats. Neuroethology was more closely defined by G.Hoyle (1970) in the context of a review on cellular mechanisms underlying behavior of invertebrates. Since the 6th annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience held in Toronto in 1976, Neuroethology has become established as a session topic.

Hemispheric Lateralization in Motor Control and Motor Adaptation

Hemispheric Lateralization in Motor Control and Motor Adaptation PDF

Author: Brooke Dexheimer

Publisher:

Published: 2022

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

Lateralization of neurobehavioral functions is a ubiquitous organizing principle in the vertebrate central nervous system. In humans, handedness is one of the most conspicuous aspects of lateralization, with approximately 90% of the population right-hand dominant. Previously, handedness was described by a "global dominance" perspective, in which one arm is viewed as superior for all aspects of all task performance, while the non-dominant arm is viewed as generally less effective. This view has been challenged in experiments demonstrating that the dominant and non-dominant hemispheres are differentially specialized for specific features of control, a view elaborated by the "dynamic dominance" hypothesis. This dissertation further explores dynamic dominance with respect to both arm selection and visuomotor adaptation. In a series of three experiments, we examined 1) how limited sensory information and task experience affects performance of the dominant and non-dominant arms, 2) how reaction times associated with hand selection decisions differ between the arms, and 3) whether non-invasive brain stimulation to left, but not right, posterior parietal cortex (PPC) can facilitate visual motor adaptation in neurologically intact adults. We hypothesized that each hemisphere is specialized for specific features of movement in both arms, in accordance with the "dynamic dominance" hypothesis. Specifically, the dominant hemisphere is specialized for performance under predictable conditions, including adapting to altered visuomotor feedback, a process which relies on the left posterior parietal cortex. The findings in this dissertation clarify the specialized roles of each hemisphere for motor control and provide preliminary findings that might translate to clinical rehabilitation of patients with unilateral brain damage.

Lanterna Rally - Theme by Grace Themes