Language and Gender: Analyzing Interaction in a Brazilian Portuguese and English Language Mixed-sex Setting

Language and Gender: Analyzing Interaction in a Brazilian Portuguese and English Language Mixed-sex Setting PDF

Author: Fernando Cezar Oliveira

Publisher: Universal-Publishers

Published: 2010-04-01

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 1599423154

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This dissertation attempts to investigate some interactional features in the conversation of women and men taking into account verbosity, turn-taking, use of standard forms, directness and assertiveness. To do so, an ethnographic method of natural conversation video-recording was utilized within a group of 2 female and 2 male Brazilian Portuguese speakers and 2 females and 2 males in a group of English speakers. This study suggests that the amount of talk uttered by women and men when they are in informal occasions may not vary so drastically. Accordingly, this investigation also shows that females and males may interrupt each other's conversation almost equally and may make the same use of colloquial language in informal settings. However, it also shows that women are more likely to make use of hedging devices than men. Hence, the observation of natural talk between women and men seems to suggest that both genders might make similar use of the language with respect to some interactional features of language found in their conversation in informal settings such as the ones described throughout this paper.

Language and Social Relationship in Brazilian Portuguese

Language and Social Relationship in Brazilian Portuguese PDF

Author: Dale April Koike

Publisher: University of Texas Press

Published: 2014-08-01

Total Pages: 189

ISBN-13: 0292768974

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"Give me the salt" and "Please pass the salt" make the same request, but in a polite situation the first utterance may give offense, while the second may not. How and why such differences in wording and intonation, in a particular context, produce different effects is the concern of pragmatics, the area of linguistics that deals with how speech is used in interaction. In this innovative study of pragmatics in Brazilian Portuguese, Dale Koike analyzes the politeness phenomenon, specifically in the context of speech acts known as "directives." As acts intended to get someone to do something, directives bring into play a variety of sociocultural factors, depending on the relationship between the participants. Using empirical data obtained through natural language observation and from questionnaires of over one hundred adult native speakers, Koike identifies factors—such as age, education, and gender—that influence the strategies of politeness a given speaker is likely to use in making a directive. This research clarifies the unwritten language rules and assumptions that native speakers intuitively follow in phrasing their directive utterances. Koike also includes important material on the acquisition of strategies for politeness by children and adult second-language learners, as well as on gender differences in politeness forms. Her research proposes important additions to the theory of speech acts as conceived by Austin and Searle, particularly in the application of deictic organization to account for a hierarchy of pragmatic forms. Language and Social Relationship in Brazilian Portuguese will be of interest to a wide audience in diverse fields, including linguistics, anthropology, interaction analysis, communications, semantics, sociology, psychology, and education.

A Corpus-based Study of the Gender Assignment of Nominal Anglicisms in Brazilian Portuguese

A Corpus-based Study of the Gender Assignment of Nominal Anglicisms in Brazilian Portuguese PDF

Author: Taryn Marie Skahill

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 64

ISBN-13:

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the variability of gender assignment to nominal anglicisms in Brazilian Portuguese and to identify how the orthography of English loanwords and their establishment in the language influences such variation. This study also seeks to identify the most important factors that govern such gender assignment. The data were gathered from two Portuguese corpora, one consisting of more formal and edited language (Corpus do Português, News on the Web) and the other consisting of less formal and unaltered language, such as blog posts (Corpus do Português, Web/Dialects). Forty anglicisms were analyzed in order to study the variation in gender assignment based on the anglicisms' orthography and establishment in the language, as well as to help determine whether the gender of the loanwords' cognates or calques influences the gender assignment of words borrowed from English into Portuguese. The results of this study indicate that the gender of the anglicisms' cognates or most frequent calques and the gender found in Portuguese dictionaries equally influence the gender assignment to anglicisms. This research also shows that variability in gender assignment is not significantly affected by an English loanword's attestation in Portuguese dictionaries nor by the adaptation to Portuguese orthography of English loanwords, though there are trends that indicate a negative correlation between the variability of anglicisms' genders and their attestation in Portuguese dictionaries.

Lusosex

Lusosex PDF

Author: Susan Canty Quinlan

Publisher: U of Minnesota Press

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 317

ISBN-13: 9780816639205

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Some of the most compelling theoretical debates in the humanities today center on representations of sexuality. This volume is the first to focus on the topic -- in particular, the connections between nationhood, sex, and gender -- in the Lusophone, or Portuguese-speaking, world. Written by prominent scholars in Brazilian, Portuguese, and Lusophone African literary and cultural studies, the essays range across multiple discourses and cultural expressions, historical periods and theoretical approaches to offer a uniquely comprehensive perspective on the issues of sex and sexuality in the literature and culture of the Portuguese-speaking world that extends from Portugal to Brazil to Angola, Cape Verde, and Mozambique. Through the critical lenses of gay and lesbian studies, queer theory, postcolonial studies, feminist theory, and postmodern theory, the authors consider the work of such influential literary figures as Clarice Lispector and Silviano Santiago. An important aspect of the volume is the publication of a newly discovered-and explicitly homoerotic -- poem by Fernando Pessoa, published here for the first time in the original Portuguese and in English translation. Chapters take up questions of queer performativity and activism, female subjectivity and erotic desire, the sexual customs of indigenous versus European Brazilians, and the impact of popular music (as represented by Caetano Veloso and others) on interpretations of gender and sexuality. Challenging static notions of sexualities within the Portuguese-speaking world, these essays expand our understanding of the multiplicity of differences and marginalized subjectivities that fall under the intersections of sexuality,gender, and race.

Guerreiras

Guerreiras PDF

Author: Ashlee L. Dauphinais

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 322

ISBN-13:

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This dissertation is a mixed-methods ethnographic and linguistic study of how local understandings of femininity interact with medical practices among women with Turner Syndrome (TS), an intersex chromosomal condition affecting 1/2,500 women. For intersex individuals, social experiences of gender often collide with biological interpretations of sex and its material realities. Innovations in medical technology push the limitations of bodily manipulation and gendered norms and can mitigate tensions between the biological and the social experiences of gender, and this intersection of the social and the biological is particularly salient in intersex populations. While previous research has investigated social categories and their effects on health, few examine how health and medicine interact with social identity formation and linguistic practices. In Brazil, this is amplified as bodies are prominent both in the public eye and in national discourses on beauty, surgery, and hormones, where biomedicine is used to negotiate gendered bodily norms. At the same time, work within sociocultural linguistics and language, gender, and sexuality studies has begun to examine linguistic practices of non-binary populations, while very little previous work on intersex populations has been conducted. Over sixteen months of fieldwork in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, I conducted ethnographic and linguistic interviews with TS women and performed participant observation at two endocrinology clinics. In Chapter 1, I set the scene for the dissertation and research context. Chapter 2 presents a detailed analysis of the ethnographic, linguistic, and analytical methodologies employed. In Chapter 3, I examine how intimate characteristics of TS and ideologies of “sex” and “gender” are located in and on the body through an analysis of how women with TS interact with physiological phenomena such as hormone replacement, sex chromosomes, and other material practices. I conduct a discursive analysis of diminutives, constructed dialogue, and quotative markers to show speakers employ these linguistic features to assign agency in medical decision-making that has an impact on the physical body. In Chapter 4, I analyze the role of the body in community formation, engaging with theories of “communities of practice” and intersectionality in engaging larger discussions of what it means to be a woman. I show how the body is implicated in the construction of fictive kinship and a global Turner bioscape. Chapter 5 engages a quantitative study of fundamental frequency (F0) and vowel formants (F1-F3) and the interaction with biomedical factors such as karyotype, height, and growth hormone. I explore the ways fundamental frequency is implicated the construction of womanhood and maturity. Chapter 6 presents conclusions, larger contributions to the fields of linguistics and anthropology, and avenues for future directions. My overall findings demonstrate how intersex women in Latin America mobilize linguistic practices in global TS communities to assert personal agency amidst a body-centric context that exerts pressure to conform to medicalized understandings of femininity. Such social and embodied forces present implications for theories of speech community and embodied sociolinguistics. My research speaks to a broader move in sociocultural linguistics and the field of language and gender to explore practices of non-binary communities. As the first in-depth ethnographic study of linguistic practices among intersex individuals, my dissertation’s central contribution is its analysis of what it means to be “almost” female in Latin America in an age of rapid biomedical advances, and recentering the physical body in studies of language and gender.

Sociological Abstracts

Sociological Abstracts PDF

Author: Leo P. Chall

Publisher:

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 748

ISBN-13:

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CSA Sociological Abstracts abstracts and indexes the international literature in sociology and related disciplines in the social and behavioral sciences. The database provides abstracts of journal articles and citations to book reviews drawn from over 1,800+ serials publications, and also provides abstracts of books, book chapters, dissertations, and conference papers.

Queering Language, Gender and Sexuality

Queering Language, Gender and Sexuality PDF

Author: Tommaso M. Milani

Publisher: Equinox Publishing (Indonesia)

Published: 2017

Total Pages: 328

ISBN-13: 9781781794937

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Identity and Desire. Models of Gay Male Identity and the Marketing of "Gay Language" in Foreign-Language Phrasebooks for Gay Men / Rusty Barrett -- Incomprehensible Language? Language, Ethnicity and Heterosexual Masculinity in a Swedish School / Tommaso M. Milani, Rickard Jonsson -- The Desire for Identity and the Identity of Desire: Language, Gender and Sexuality in the Greek Context / Costas Canakis -- Unpacking Heteronormativity. Constructing Hegemonic Masculinities in South Africa: The Discourse and Rhetoric of Heteronormativity / Russell Luyt -- On-line Constructions of Metrosexuality and Masculinities: A Membership Categorization Analysis / Matthew Hall -- A Bit too Skinny for Me: Women's Homosocial Constructions of Heterosexual Desire in Online Dating / Kristine Kohler Mortensen -- Beyond Binaries? Do Bodies Matter? Travestis? Embodiment of (Trans)Gender Identity through the Manipulation of the Brazilian Portuguese Grammatical Gender System / Rodrigo Borba, Ana Cristina Ostermann -- Butch Camp: On the Discursive Construction of a Queer Identity Position / Veronika Koller -- The Other Kind of Coming Out: Transgender People and the Coming out Narrative Genre / Lal Zimman -- Gender, Sexuality and Space. Language, Sexuality and Place: The View from Cyberspace / Brian W King -- Homophobia as Moral Geography / William L. Leap -- Normal Straight Gays: Lexical Collocations and Ideologies of Masculinity in Personal Ads of Serbian Gay Teenagers / Ksenija Bogetic

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists PDF

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1966-06

Total Pages: 96

ISBN-13:

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The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.

Language and Sexuality

Language and Sexuality PDF

Author: Deborah Cameron

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2003-03-06

Total Pages: 196

ISBN-13: 9780521009690

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This lively and accessible textbook provides a clear introduction to the relationship between language and sexuality.