Knowledge Elicitation of Recognition-primed Decision Making

Knowledge Elicitation of Recognition-primed Decision Making PDF

Author: Gary A. Klein

Publisher:

Published: 1988

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13:

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"A Critical Decision Method (CDM) has been developed for knowledge elicitation. The CDM, an extension of the critical incident technique, includes protocol analysis and memory recall tasks to study cognitive performance. A set of probes is employed to trace the development of situation assessment during critical incidents, and to determine the decision strategies used. The outputs of the method include inventories of the critical cues, graphic portrayals of the situation assessment process, and categorization of the decision strategies. Thus far, the method has been used with a variety of decisions and appears especially well suited to studying cognitive performance in naturalistic settings. It also appears valuable for addressing the highly skilled decision maker, and for eliciting the analytical and perceptual bases of proficient performance. Applications have been made for training, decision support systems, and the development and evaluation of knowledge based systems." -- Abstract.

Knowledge Elicitation of Recognition-Primed Decision Making

Knowledge Elicitation of Recognition-Primed Decision Making PDF

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1988

Total Pages: 61

ISBN-13:

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A Critical Decision Method (CDM) has been developed for knowledge elicitation. The CDM, an extension of the critical incident technique, includes protocol analysis and memory recall tasks to study cognitive performance. A set of probes is employed to trace the development of situation assessment during critical incidents, and to determine the decision strategies used. The outputs of the method include inventories of the critical cues, graphic portrayals of the situation assessment process, and categorization of the decision strategies. Thus far, the method has been used with a variety of decisions and appears especially well suited to studying cognitive performance in naturalistic settings. It also appears valuable for addressing the highly skilled decision maker, and for eliciting the analytical and perceptual bases of proficient performance. Applications have been made for training, decision support systems, and the development and evaluation of knowledge based systems. Keywords: Knowledge elicitation, Decision making, Situation assessment, Knowledge engineering, Expertise.

A Comparison of the Decision Ladder Template and the Recognition-primed Decision Model

A Comparison of the Decision Ladder Template and the Recognition-primed Decision Model PDF

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2010

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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The decision ladder template, one of the tools of cognitive work analysis, attracts attention as a point of comparison for models of naturalistic decision making, such as the recognition-primed decision model. This report compares the decision ladder template and the recognition-primed decision model in terms of five main factors. These factors are origins, concepts, knowledge elicitation, knowledge representation, and implications for the design of decision support systems. The report concludes that while there are several similarities between the decision ladder template and the recognition-primed decision model, there are a number of significant differences as well.

Analogical Decision Making

Analogical Decision Making PDF

Author: Gary A. Klein

Publisher:

Published: 1986

Total Pages: 33

ISBN-13:

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The overall goal of this research program is to develop a descriptive model of decision making that can be applied to tactical and strategic decision making domains. We wish to explore variables such as time pressure, risk, and levels of expertise as they affect the use of decision strategies and situational assessment. We also want to contrast analytical and recognitional models of decision making. Year 1 was devoted to field studies and knowledge elicitation interviews with decision makers including urban fire ground commanders, wildfire incident commanders, and Army Armored Division platoon leaders. In addition a study we performed comparing the quality of chess moves under speeded and non-speeded conditions served as an analogue for real-world strategic and tactical decisions. All of these studies allow a comparison of the decision making at higher and lower-levels of expertise. These studies were designed to test the generality of a Recognition-Primed Decision model as a function of different domains, varying experience levels to group decision settings and varying levels of time pressure.

The Cambridge Handbook of Expertise and Expert Performance

The Cambridge Handbook of Expertise and Expert Performance PDF

Author: K. Anders Ericsson

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2018-05-17

Total Pages: 1816

ISBN-13: 1108650457

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In this updated and expanded edition of The Cambridge Handbook of Expertise and Expert Performance, some of the world's foremost experts on expertise share their scientific knowledge of expertise and expert performance and show how experts may differ from non-experts in terms of development, training, reasoning, knowledge, and social support. The book reviews innovative methods for measuring experts' knowledge and performance in relevant tasks. Sixteen major domains of expertise are covered, including sports, music, medicine, business, writing, and drawing, with leading researchers summarizing their knowledge about the structure and acquisition of expert skills and knowledge, and discussing future prospects. General issues that cut across most domains are reviewed in chapters on various aspects of expertise, such as general and practical intelligence, differences in brain activity, self-regulated learning, deliberate practice, aging, knowledge management, and creativity.

International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 2004

International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 2004 PDF

Author: Cary L. Cooper

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2004-05-14

Total Pages: 328

ISBN-13: 0470092726

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This is the nineteenth in the most prestigious series of annual volumes in the field of industrial and organizational psychology. The series provides authoritative and integrative reviews of the key literature of industrial psychology and organizational behaviour. The chapters are written by established experts and topics are carefully chosen to reflect the major concerns in the research literature and in current practice. This volume provides both reviews and current updates of research in familiar areas, such as Learning and Development at Work, Creating Healthy Workplaces, Empowerment and Performance, and Team Effectiveness. Newer topics are also included, such as Virtual Teams, the Workplace Experiences of Lesbian and Gay Employees, and Identification in Organizational Contexts. Each chapter offers a comprehensive and critical survey of the chosen topic, and each is supported by a valuable bibliography. For advanced students, academics, and researchers, as well as professional psychologists and managers, this remains the most authoritative and current guide to developments and established knowledge in the field of industrial and organizational psychology.

Opportunities in Neuroscience for Future Army Applications

Opportunities in Neuroscience for Future Army Applications PDF

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2009-07-16

Total Pages: 136

ISBN-13: 0309127408

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Advances and major investments in the field of neuroscience can enhance traditional behavioral science approaches to training, learning, and other applications of value to the Army. Neural-behavioral indicators offer new ways to evaluate how well an individual trainee has assimilated mission critical knowledge and skills, and can also be used to provide feedback on the readiness of soldiers for combat. Current methods for matching individual capabilities with the requirements for performing high-value Army assignments do not include neuropsychological, psychophysiological, neurochemical or neurogenetic components; simple neuropsychological testing could greatly improve training success rates for these assignments. Opportunities in Neuroscience for Future Army Applications makes 17 recommendations that focus on utilizing current scientific research and development initiatives to improve performance and efficiency, collaborating with pharmaceutical companies to employ neuropharmaceuticals for general sustainment or enhancement of soldier performance, and improving cognitive and behavioral performance using interdisciplinary approaches and technological investments. An essential guide for the Army, this book will also be of interest to other branches of military, national security and intelligence agencies, academic and commercial researchers, pharmaceutical companies, and others interested in applying the rapid advances in neuroscience to the performance of individual and group tasks.

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