Knowledge and Presuppositions

Knowledge and Presuppositions PDF

Author: Michael Blome-Tillmann

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2014-05-22

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 019103908X

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Knowledge and Presuppositions develops a novel account of epistemic contextualism based on the idea that pragmatic presuppositions play a central role in the semantics of knowledge attributions. According to Blome-Tillmann, knowledge attributions are sensitive to what is pragmatically presupposed at the context of ascription. The resulting theory—Presuppositional Epistemic Contextualism (PEC)—is simple and straightforward, yet powerful enough to have far-reaching and important consequences for a variety of hotly debated issues in epistemology and philosophy of language. In this book, Blome-Tillmann first develops Presuppositional Epistemic Contextualism and then explores its ability to resolve various sceptical paradoxes and puzzles. Blome-Tillmann also defends PEC against familiar and widely discussed philosophical and linguistic objections to contextualism. In the final chapters of the book PEC is employed to illuminate a variety of concerns central to contemporary discussions of epistemological issues, such as Gettier cases, Moorean reasoning, the nature of evidence, and other current problems and puzzles.

Knowledge and Presuppositions

Knowledge and Presuppositions PDF

Author: Michael Blome-Tillmann

Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 225

ISBN-13: 0199686084

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Michael Blome-Tillmann presents an innovative account of epistemic contextualism, based on the idea that pragmatic presuppositions play a central role in the semantics of knowledge attributions. He shows how the theory can resolve sceptical paradoxes and puzzles, and illuminate concerns central to epistemology and philosophy of language.

The Social Theory of Practices

The Social Theory of Practices PDF

Author: Stephen P. Turner

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2018-03-08

Total Pages: 159

ISBN-13: 0745678289

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This book presents the first analysis and critique of the idea of practice as it has developed in the various theoretical traditions of the social sciences and the humanities. The concept of a practice, understood broadly as a tacit possession that is 'shared' by and the same for different people, has a fatal difficulty, the author argues. This object must in some way be transmitted, 'reproduced', in Bourdieu's famous phrase, in different persons. But there is no plausible mechanism by which such a process occurs. The historical uses of the concept, from Durkheim to Kripke's version of Wittgenstein, provide examples of the contortions that thinkers have been forced into by this problem, and show the ultimate implausibility of the idea of the interpersonal transmission of these supposed objects. Without the notion of 'sameness' the concept of practice collapses into the concept of habit. The conclusion sketches a picture of what happens when we do without the notion of a shared practice, and how this bears on social theory and philosophy. It explains why social theory cannot get beyond the stage of constructing fuzzy analogies, and why the standard constructions of the contemporary philosophical problem of relativism depend upon this defective notion.

Patient-Centered Measurement

Patient-Centered Measurement PDF

Author: Leah M. McClimans

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2024

Total Pages: 265

ISBN-13: 0197572073

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Patients often are asked to fill out questionnaires before or after going to the doctor's office or hospital. What is the point of these questionnaires? Why do the questions often seem irrelevant? Does it matter if patients fill them out or ignore them? This book addresses these questions while also providing historical context about how these questionnaires became so popular. These questionnaires, which philosopher Leah M. McClimans calls 'Patient-Centered Measures' have a fascinating history that combines the contemporary emphasis in medical ethics on patient-centered care with the contemporary preoccupation with evidence-based medicine (the idea that medical decisions should be based on empirical evidence). Patient-centered measures sit between these two concerns and thus serve as an excellent example of a medical technology for the twenty-first century.

The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory

The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory PDF

Author: Shalom Lappin

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2019-02-12

Total Pages: 771

ISBN-13: 1119046823

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The second edition of The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory presents a comprehensive introduction to cutting-edge research in contemporary theoretical and computational semantics. Features completely new content from the first edition of The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory Features contributions by leading semanticists, who introduce core areas of contemporary semantic research, while discussing current research Suitable for graduate students for courses in semantic theory and for advanced researchers as an introduction to current theoretical work

Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge

Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge PDF

Author: Charoula Angeli

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-11-13

Total Pages: 335

ISBN-13: 1489980806

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Technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPCK) reflects a new direction in understanding the complex interactions among content, pedagogy, learners and technology that can result in successful integration of multiple technologies in teaching and learning. The purpose of this edited volume is to introduce TPCK as a conceptual framework for grounding research in the area of teachers’ cognitive understanding of the interactions of technology with content, pedagogy and learner conceptions. Accordingly, the contributions will constitute systematic research efforts that use TPCK to develop lines of educational technology research exemplifying current theoretical conceptions of TPCK and methodological and pedagogical approaches of how to develop and assess TPCK.

Presuppositions of India's Philosophies

Presuppositions of India's Philosophies PDF

Author: Karl H. Potter

Publisher: Motilal Banarsidass Publishe

Published: 1991

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 9788120807792

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First published in 1963 Presuppositions of India`s Philosophies in intended as an introductory text for courses in the philosophical systems of classical Indian thought. A brief account of karma and transmigration is followed by an introduction to Indian ways of assessing arguments. The body of the work canvasses the systems of Nyaya Vaisesika, Buddhism, Jainism, Samkhya and Advaita Vedanta.

A Glimpse of the Kingdom in Academia

A Glimpse of the Kingdom in Academia PDF

Author: Irene Alexander

Publisher: Wipf and Stock Publishers

Published: 2013-02-11

Total Pages: 203

ISBN-13: 1610972457

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University is a major way that our society prepares professionals and leaders in education, health, government, business, arts, church--all components of our communal lives. Although the beginnings of the first universities were Christian, academia has become more and more adrift from these foundations. We have lost not only the union, the interwovenness of theological and academic understandings, but also the relational and communal process of learning which teaches students to be other-centered in their practice. A Glimpse of the Kingdom in Academia tells the story of the social sciences department of a small Christian university that took seriously the mandate to prepare their students to be salt and light in a secular society. Here are stories of the transformation in students' lives, as well as description of classroom practices, and the epistemological theory behind those practices. The book explores academic knowing, Christian worldview, relational epistemology, inner knowing, and wisdom--all ways of knowing that a Christian university should teach. The process of transformation, the context of community, and the bigger picture of life's journey and changing images of God are identified as important aspects of kingdom life in academia. The institutional setting is also critiqued with the recognition that power practices need to align with the kingdom of the Christ who emptied himself.

Epistemic Contextualism

Epistemic Contextualism PDF

Author: Peter Baumann

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2016-10-13

Total Pages: 272

ISBN-13: 0191069264

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Peter Baumann develops and defends a distinctive version of epistemic contextualism, the view that the truth conditions or the meaning of knowledge attributions of the form "S knows that p" can vary with the context of the attributor. The first part of the book examines arguments for contextualism and develops Baumann's version. The first chapter deals with the argument from cases and ordinary usage; the following two chapters address "theoretical" arguments, from reliability and from luck. The second part of the book discusses the problems contextualism faces, to which it must respond, and provides an extension of contextualism beyond epistemology. Chapter 4 discusses "lottery-scepticism" and argues for a contextualist response. Chapter 5 is dedicated to a homemade problem for contextualism: a threat of inconsistency. Baumann argues for a way out and for a version of contextualism that can underwrite this solution. Chapter 6 proposes a contextualist account of responsibility: The concept of knowledge is not the only one which allows for a contextualist analysis and it is important to explore structural analogies in other areas of philosophy. The third part of the book is focused on some major objections to contextualism and alternative views, namely subject-sensitive invariantism, contrastivism and relativism.

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