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Juden, Christen und Vereine im Römischen Reich

Author: Benedikt Eckhardt

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2018-09-24

Total Pages: 412

ISBN-13: 3110606208

In den letzten 30 Jahren ist in zahlreichen Arbeiten der Versuch unternommen worden, antike Juden- und Christengruppen in das Vereinswesen ihrer Zeit einzuordnen. Den dabei gewonnenen Einsichten stehen weiterhin grundsätzliche Bedenken entgegen. Oft stoßen dabei unreflektierte Prämissen aufeinander. Dieses Buch erschließt die Debatte und versucht sich an einer Klärung der Frage, was mit historischen Vergleichen erklärt werden kann und was nicht.

Die Juden im christlichen Imperium Romanum (4.-6. Jahrhundert)

Author: Karl-Leo Noethlichs

Publisher: Studienbücher Geschichte und Kultur der Alten Welt

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13:

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Unter den bis heute wichtigen historischen Wurzeln einer europäischen Kultur nimmt die Geschichte der Juden eine besondere Stellung ein. In den Quellen, die in diesem Buch präsentiert werden, stellen sich die Juden als keineswegs hilflos der christlichen Gesellschaft ausgeliefert dar. Die Wirklichkeit scheint von großer Lebenskraft vieler Gemeinden bestimmt gewesen zu sein. Als Grundzug der hier behandelten Epoche jüdischer Geschichte in der Spätantike zeigt sich, dass die mehrheitlich christliche Judentheologie und die Realität des Lebens zum Teil weit auseinanderfielen. Dies aber machte die Lage der Juden instabil und unberechenbar.

Miteinander und Gegeneinander

Author: Gabriele Gierlich

Publisher: Verlag Herder GmbH

Published: 2022-05-13

Total Pages: 194

ISBN-13: 3534406818

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In der vom Polytheismus geprägten Gesellschaft des Römischen Reiches galten Juden und Christen als Außenseiter, da ihre monotheistische Religion sich nicht mit der heidnischen Götterverehrung vereinbaren ließ. Dies führte zu Vorurteilen und zu Repressionen. Eine zentrale Rolle für die Behandlung der Juden spielte deren Auszug aus Ägypten und die damit verbundenen Beschuldigungen gegen sie als ein Volk, das Seuchen verbreitete. Wurden die Christen zunächst als eine jüdische Sekte angesehen, so galten sie durch ihre starke Verbreitung zunehmend als Gefahr für das Wohl des römischen Staates, was zu ihrer Verfolgung führte. Erst als römische Kaiser sich dem Christentum zuwandten, änderte sich dies. Nicht ohne Konflikt war auch die Begegnung zwischen Juden und Christen, da die Juden die Christen als Abtrünnige betrachteten und die Christen ihnen die Kreuzigung Jesu vorwarfen. Hass auf die Juden, der im "Dritten Reich" zur Katastrophe führte, lässt sich also bereits in der Antike finden.

The First One Hundred Years of Christianity

Author: Udo Schnelle

Publisher: Baker Academic

Published: 2020-06-30

Total Pages: 650

ISBN-13: 1493422421

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Beginning as a marginal group in Galilee, the movement initiated by Jesus of Nazareth became a world religion within 100 years. Why, among various religious movements, did Christianity succeed? This major work by internationally renowned scholar Udo Schnelle traces the historical, cultural, and theological influences and developments of the early years of the Christian movement. It shows how Christianity provided an intellectual framework, a literature, and socialization among converts that led to its enduring influence. Senior New Testament scholar James Thompson offers a clear, fluent English translation of the successful German edition.

Talking God in Society

Author: Ute E. Eisen

Publisher: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht

Published: 2021-01-18

Total Pages: 808

ISBN-13: 3647573175

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Peter Lampe's work has covered a wide range of fields, the common denominator being his interest in contextualizing belief systems. Mirroring his multifaced work, the authors pursue his interest from different interdisciplinary angles, addressing the interdependence between religious expressions and their situations or contexts. The application of theoretical models to texts examples flanks the inspiring theoretical – epistemological and methodological – reflections. Studies in socio-economic and political history adjoin archaeological, epigraphic, papyrological and iconographic investigations. (Social-)psychological interpretations of texts complement rhetorical analyses. The hermeneutical reception of biblical materials in, for example, the Koran and Christian Chinese or Orthodox contexts, as well as in religious education and homiletics, rounds off the volumes.

"Religio licita?"

Author: Görge K. Hasselhoff

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2016-11-21

Total Pages: 404

ISBN-13: 3110410133

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This volume examines the pertinence of the designation religio licita to Judaism and its relevance for describing the relationship between the Roman state and Judaism. This question applies not only to Judaism but also to the process of differentiation between Judaism and Christianity, for from the beginning of the 3rd century, the term was used exclusively by Christian writers.

Urban Religion

Author: Jörg Rüpke

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2020-02-24

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 3110631369

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So far religion has been seen as cause for dramatic developments in the history of cities, it has contributed to the monumentalisation of centres and or has given importance to ex-centric places. Very recently, anthropologists have been discovering religion in the contemporary global city. But still awaiting historical investigation is the specific urban character of religious ideas, practices and institutions and the role of urban space shaping this very ‘religion’ in the course of history. The time-span from the Hellenistic age to Late Antiquity was crucial in the establishment of concepts and institutions of ‘religion’ and witnessed extended waves of urbanisation, Rome being central to this. In addressing this problem, this book fills a significant gap in the scholarship on urban religion across time. Taking seriously the proposition that space is condition, medium and outcome of social relations, the development of ‘urban religion’ in lived urban space and urban culture or urbanity offers a lens onto processes of religious change that have been neglected for the history of religion and for the study of urbanism. The key thesis is that city-space engineered the major changes that revolutionised religions. »This stimulating book makes use of archaeology and history to address religion as an essential component of urban life in both the past and the present. -With a strong basis in the ancient Mediterranean as well as an insightful view of modern urban life, Rüpke emphasizes that the practice and performance of religion at the everyday level is as essential in the creation of an urban ethos as the grand temples and institutions promulgated by the elite.« Monica L. Smith, author of Cities: The First 6,000 Years »Jörg Rüpke offers a characteristically original and learned series of reflections on some of the many ways in which the history of religions and the history of cities might be entangled. Urban Religion offers no single overarching thesis, but it is consistently thought-provoking and suggests many intriguing lines of investigation for the future.« Greg Woolf, Institute of Classical Studies, London

Breaking Bread

Author: Alistair C. Stewart

Publisher: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing

Published: 2023-06-27

Total Pages: 349

ISBN-13: 1467466344

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What’s the difference between eucharist and agape? And how did each come to be? The liturgies of early Christians are often obscure and variegated in the historical record. This is especially true of the eucharist, where the basic practice of communal eating is difficult to disentangle from other contemporary meals, whether Greco-Roman or Jewish practices—or the ill-defined agape meal. In Breaking Bread, Alistair C. Stewart cuts through scholarly confusion about early Christian eating. Stewart pinpoints the split in agape and eucharist to the shift in celebrating the eucharist on Sunday morning, leading to the inception of agape as an evening meal. The former sought divine union, the latter, communal harmony. In the final chapter he explores a breadth of Syriac, Greek, and Latin primary sources on a variety of local eucharistic traditions, tracing their development into the familiar prayers and distribution of token amounts of bread and wine, which emerged in the third century. Nuanced and well-researched, Breaking Bread clarifies the development of the blessed sacrament and its lesser-known counterpart. Theologians and historians of early Christianity will find Stewart’s work foundational in approaching a topic of enduring scholarly interest but elusive consensus.

Private Associations and Jewish Communities in the Hellenistic and Roman Cities

Author: Dr. Benedikt Eckhardt

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2019-07-01

Total Pages: 233

ISBN-13: 900440760X

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In 'Private Associations and Jewish Communities in the Hellenistic and Roman Cities', Benedikt Eckhardt brings together a group of experts to investigate a problem of historical categorization. Traditionally, scholars have either presupposed that Jewish groups were "Greco-Roman Associations" like others or have treated them in isolation from other groups. Attempts to begin a cross-disciplinary dialogue about the presuppositions and ultimate aims of the respective approaches have shown that much preliminary work on categories is necessary. This book explores the methodological dividing lines, based on the common-sense assumption that different questions require different solutions. Re-introducing historical differentiation into a field that has been dominated by abstractions, it provides the debate with a new foundation. Case studies highlight the problems and advantages of different approaches.

Group Survival in the Ancient Mediterranean

Author: Philip A. Harland

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2020-04-16

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 0567657493

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Philip A. Harland and Richard Last consider the economics of early Christian group life within its social, cultural and economic contexts, by drawing on extensive epigraphic and archaeological evidence. In exploring the informal associations, immigrant groups, and guilds that dotted the world of the early Christians, Harland and Last provide fresh perspective on the question of how Christian assemblies and Judean/Jewish gatherings gained necessary resources to pursue their social, religious, and additional aims. By considering both neglected archaeological discoveries and literary evidence, the authors analyse financial and material aspects of group life, both sources of income and various areas of expenditure. Harland and Last then turn to the use of material resources for mutual support of members in various groups, including the importance of burial and the practice of interest-free loans. Christian and Judean evidence is explored throughout this book, culminating in a discussion of texts detailing the internal financial life of Christian assemblies as seen in first and second century sources, including Paul, the Didache, Justin Martyr, and Tertullian. In shedding new light on early Christian financial organisation, this volume aids further understanding of how some Christian groups survived and developed in the Greco-Roman world.