Isotopic Tracers in Biology

Isotopic Tracers in Biology PDF

Author: Martin D. Kamen

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2013-10-22

Total Pages: 491

ISBN-13: 1483274330

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Isotopic Tracers in Biology: An Introduction to Tracer Methodology, Third Edition focuses on stable isotopes, structures, composition, and reactions of nitrogen and oxygen, and radioactive tracers. The book first takes a look at atomic nuclei, radioactivity, and the production of radioactive isotopes and radiation characteristics of tracer atoms. Topics include nuclear reactions, general properties of nuclei, radioactivity, target techniques and radiochemistry, and beta and gamma radiations. The text also discusses isotopic assay, radiation hazards, procedures related with sample preparation for radioactive assay, and combustion of labeled materials. The manuscript examines the biochemical, physiological, and medical aspects of tracer methodology, as well as biochemical applications, value of tracer methods for biology, intermediary metabolism, and applications to clinical research. The text also ponders on the isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. Concerns include assay of deuterium and tritium, short-lived and heavy stable carbon, and oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus isotopes. The publication is a dependable reference for readers interested in isotopic tracers.

Radioactive Tracers in Biology

Radioactive Tracers in Biology PDF

Author: Martin D. Kamen

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2013-10-22

Total Pages: 444

ISBN-13: 1483274470

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Radioactive Tracers in Biology: An Introduction to Trace Methodology, Second Edition focuses on the biochemical and physiological aspects of tracer research, including medical applications of tracer techniques, radioactivity, radiation hazards, and radioactive isotopes. The book first offers information on atomic nuclei, radioactivity, and the production of radioactive isotopes and radiation characteristics of tracer atoms. Discussions focus on nuclear reactions, neutron-induced and deuteron-induced transmutations, properties of atomic nuclei, and target techniques and radiochemistry. The manuscript also ponders on the procedures for radioactive assay and radiation hazards. The text examines the biochemical, medical, and physiological applications of tracer methodology. The manuscript also takes a look at radioactive hydrogen, short-lived and long-lived radioactive carbon, radioactive phosphorus and sulfur, and alkali metal and alkaline earth tracers. Topics include synthesis of organic intermediates for tracer carbon studies; biosynthesis of labeled carbon compounds; and general survey of alkali metal tracers. The publication is a dependable reference for readers interested in radioactive tracers.

Isotopic Tracer Techniques in Preclinical Research

Isotopic Tracer Techniques in Preclinical Research PDF

Author: Shanmugasundaram Ganapathy-Kanniappan

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-05-03

Total Pages: 76

ISBN-13: 3030997006

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This book serves as a practical guide and a manual on the application of isotopic tracers in understanding the cellular processes (e.g. molecular interactions, protein synthesis) in growth, development, and disease conditions. The techniques described in the book have been carefully chosen to underscore the role and relevance of isotopic tracers in the identification of molecular targets and mechanisms, and preclinical validation of potential therapeutics. This book is intended to be a valuable resource to non-experts that may include students, researchers, educators/teachers, and others who have an interest to understand the application of isotopic tracers in research. Each chapter includes a background, an outline of the method and underlying principles, and a detailed step-wise protocol. To augment the clarity and intellectual grasp, the chapters also include relevant illustrations and study questions. More importantly, the book covers techniques involving radioactive as well as non-radioactive tracers to expand the scope of isotopes in preclinical research including basic and applied science.

Isotopes in Biology

Isotopes in Biology PDF

Author: George Wolf

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2013-09-24

Total Pages: 184

ISBN-13: 1483225747

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Isotope is Biology is a six-chapter supplementary text that covers the properties and application of isotopes as labels or analytical tools in biological research. The first chapters deal with the physico-chemical properties and radioactivity of isotopes. These chapters also explore their synthesis, preparation, radiation decomposition, and decay of radioactivity. The succeeding chapter considers other aspects of isotopes, including their effect of health, disposal, spills, and laboratory use. Another chapter examines the chemical and biochemical behavior, natural abundance, and the chemical stability of isotopic compounds. The final chapters describe several isotopic methods, namely, isotope dilution, paper chromatography, and autoradiography, with emphasis on their application in biological studies. This book will be of value to biologists, and graduate and undergraduate biology students.

Tracers in Metabolic Research

Tracers in Metabolic Research PDF

Author: Robert R. Wolfe

Publisher:

Published: 1984

Total Pages: 312

ISBN-13:

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Methods for studying metabolism. Determination of substrate kinetics. Constant isotope infusion technique. Determination of substrate kinetics. Bolus-injection technique. Determination of substrate oxidation. Bicarbonate kinetics and natural enrichment. Priming the pool. Nonsteady state kinetics. Selection of sites for infusing isotope andj drawing samples. Specific application. Glucose metabolism. Specific application. Urea. Specific application. Fat meltabolism. Amino acids. Whole-body protein turnover. Total body water. Clinical application of stable isotopes. Analytical methods. Instrumentation. Mass spectrometry. Selected ion monitoring. Preparation of samples. Chromatography. Determination of specific radioactivity. Collection of CO2. Isotope ratio mass spectrometry techniques. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry methods. In vivo approaches. Isotopic tracers. Advantages of stable isotopes. Biological effects. Enzymatic effects. Definition of terms. Influence of uptake on calculation of rate of appearance. Influence of pool size and complexity. Net movement of tracer and tracee. Clearance. Stable versus radioisotopes. Single-pool analysis. Bicarbonate recovery. Natural abundance of 13C. Practical consideration of performing recovery studies. Determining NaH13 CO3 infusion rate. Determining VCO2. Theory of priming dose. Priming secondary pools. Steele equation. In vivo assessment of steele equation. Glucose. Effective volume of distribution. Urea. Arterial versus central venous infusion.

Isotope Tracers in Metabolic Research

Isotope Tracers in Metabolic Research PDF

Author: Robert R. Wolfe

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2004-10-18

Total Pages: 494

ISBN-13: 9780471462095

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In the past few years, the number of applications of tracers for in vivo biomedical studies has greatly increased. New analytical tools at the genetic and protein levels have spurred this growth, opening the door for a deeper understanding of metabolic events. This in turn promises to yield significant advances in the understanding and treatment of human disease. Now fully revised and expanded, Isotope Tracers in Metabolic Research, Second Edition is the established definitive text on stable and radioactive isotope tracers. In unique, multidisciplinary fashion, it presents comprehensive coverage of new methodological, mathematical, and theoretical approaches. This new Second Edition includes: All-new chapters on nuclear magnetic resonance, mass isotopomer analysis, and methods of protein metabolism analysis A completely updated categorized list of over 750 references Major advances in the development of mass isotopomer and positional isotopomer techniques, noninvasive isotope techniques for studying metabolic pathways, hyphenated techniques, and new tracer techniques The latest developments in quantification of DNA synthesis and mass spectrometry spurred by genome sequencing and proteomics New coverage of mathematical modeling Expanded coverage of microdialysis probes, laboratory procedures, and regulatory issues related to human studies In this complete guide to performing tracer studies, the authors systematically cover tracer selection, modeling considerations, sample derivitization, mass spectrometry analysis, and data interpretation. Problems and discussion questions highlight key points in each chapter. Isotope Tracers in Metabolic Research, Second Edition offers students and researchers a comprehensive, practical resource for utilizing the latest tracer methodologies.

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