Introduction to the Crypto-Taxation Framework Under the Personal Income Tax in Portugal

Introduction to the Crypto-Taxation Framework Under the Personal Income Tax in Portugal PDF

Author: Diogo Pereira Coelho

Publisher: Leya

Published: 2023-07-26

Total Pages: 146

ISBN-13: 9894013619

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Over the last few years, the creation and reception of the blockchain technology, as well as operations related to crypto-assets, have resulted in numerous atypical and differentiated legal situations, including camouflaged complex financial legal situations that are identical to traditional securities. The purpose of this text is to introduce the tax framework for income from operations related to crypto-assets in Portugal (pre- and post-State Budget 2023) and, above all, to contribute to the understanding of a matter whose legal framework should, at the very least, be clear, precise, concrete and detailed, not least because of the high scrutiny and supervision that this type of activity entails or, at least, requires.

Taxation of Crypto Assets

Taxation of Crypto Assets PDF

Author: Niklas Schmidt

Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.

Published: 2020-11-27

Total Pages: 677

ISBN-13: 9403523514

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The emergence of crypto assets has required taxation authorities worldwide to develop unprecedented policies and compelled tax lawyers to apply existing laws in new ways. This book – the only one to focus solely on the taxation of crypto assets – provides a detailed country-by-country analysis of how the tax law of thirty-nine countries may apply to this rapidly developing area, including different use cases and compliance and documentation requirements. Following an overview of the technology and key characteristics of crypto assets, as well as the key tax concepts and types of taxes that could apply to them, leading practitioners in each particular jurisdiction summarize the relevant tax law in that country. Fully explained are such aspects of crypto assets as the following and how they are interrelated: sales; exchanges; receipt as remuneration; forks; airdrops; mining; staking; initial coin offerings; security token offerings; and initial exchange offerings. Contributors describe how each jurisdiction applies income and capital gains taxation, value-added tax and sales tax, withholding taxes, transfer taxes, and gift, inheritance, estate and wealth taxes in the context of crypto assets. Reporting requirements and enforcement are also covered. Tax law, as it applies to crypto assets, is new and continues to evolve. This book will be welcomed as the premier resource for tax practitioners, government officials, advisors, investors, issuers, users of crypto assets, and taxation academics who are seeking informed awareness of the policy choices countries make in dealing with the taxation of this new technology. Tax lawyers dealing with crypto assets will have comprehensive practical guidance on how to comply with the tax laws of multiple jurisdictions.

Blockchain and the Law

Blockchain and the Law PDF

Author: Francisco Pereira Coutinho

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-12-17

Total Pages: 155

ISBN-13: 9462655790

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This book discusses the dogmatic (that what is settled) and the dynamic (that what is changing) aspects of the relationship between blockchain and the law from a critical perspective. With contributions from legal and financial experts involved in both academy and business from Europe, Africa and North and South America, the book looks at the abstract complexities and practical challenges of regulating blockchain technology and its developments, such as crypto assets and smart contracts, from the perspectives of financial, tax, civil, and international law. Moreover, the book also delves into some exciting and cutting-edge related topics such as blockchain applications for litigation, CBDC and elections. The volume offers insightful considerations that will be helpful for legal practitioners involved in the crypto and Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) phenomenon. Francisco Pereira Coutinho is Associate Professor at the Nova School of Law in Lisbon, Portugal. Martinho Lucas Pires is Teaching Assistant in the Department of Law of the Universidade Católica Portuguesa in Lisbon, Portugal. Bernardo Correia Barradas is a Lawyer and Senior Legal Advisor in payments in Washington DC, United States.

Kingdom of the Netherlands—Sint Maarten: Technical Assistance Report—Sustainable Tax Reforms

Kingdom of the Netherlands—Sint Maarten: Technical Assistance Report—Sustainable Tax Reforms PDF

Author: International Monetary

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2021-10-19

Total Pages: 32

ISBN-13: 161635111X

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Sint Maarten’s economy has been hit hard over the last 4 years. In 2017, two major hurricanes struck the island causing significant damage. While reconstruction was largely financed by insurance proceeds and grants from The Netherlands, economic recovery from the hurricane damage was slow and in early 2020 the coronavirus pandemic shut down most of Sint Maarten’s tourism sector. As a result, fiscal revenue declined by 15 percent since 2016; payroll tax revenue declined by only 4.5 percent, whereas the turnover tax revenue declined by 23 percent. Since April 2020, The Netherlands has provided immediate financial support to cushion the economic shock of the pandemic. In December 2020, Sint Maarten concluded an agreement with The Netherlands to receive more substantial financial support for recovery and ensuring long-term fiscal sustainability. In return, the authorities committed to make structural changes to their tax system, making it more growth-friendly and equitable, while optimizing and ensuring its revenue mobilization capacity.

Schwarz on Tax Treaties

Schwarz on Tax Treaties PDF

Author: Jonathan Schwarz

Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.

Published: 2021-09-28

Total Pages: 870

ISBN-13: 9403526319

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Schwarz on Tax Treaties is the definitive analysis of tax treaties from United Kingdom and Irish perspectives and provides in-depth expert analysis of the interpretation and interaction of those treaty networks with the European Union and international law. The sixth edition significantly develops the earlier work with enhanced commentary and is updated to include the latest UK, Irish domestic and treaty developments, international and EU law, including: Covered Tax Agreements modified by the BEPS Multilateral Instrument; judicial decisions of Ireland, the UK and foreign courts on UK and Irish treaties; Digital Services Tax; treaty binding compulsory arbitration; Brexit and the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement; taxpayer rights in exchange of information; taxpayer rights in EU cross-border collection of taxes; attribution of profits to permanent establishments; and EU DAC 6 Disclosure of cross-border planning. Case law developments including: UK Supreme Court in Fowler v HMRC; Indian Supreme Court in Engineering Analysis Centre of Excellence Private Limited and Others v CIT; Australian Full Federal Court in Addy v CoT; French Supreme Administrative Court in Valueclick; English Court of Appeal in Irish Bank Resolution Corporation v HMRC; JJ Management and others v HMRC; United States Tax Court in Adams Challenge v CIR; UK Tax Tribunals in Royal Bank of Canada v HMRC; Lloyd-Webber v HMRC; Esso Exploration and Production v HMRC; Glencore v HMRC; McCabe v HMRC; Padfield v HMRC; Davies v HMRC; Uddin v HMRC; English High Court in Minera Las Bambas v Glencore; Kotton v First Tier Tribunal; and CJEU in N Luxembourg I, and others (the ‘Danish beneficial ownership cases’); État belge v Pantochim; College Pension Plan of British Columbia v Finanzamt München; HB v Istituto Nazionale della Previdenza Sociale. About the Author Jonathan Schwarz BA, LLB (Witwatersrand), LLM (UC Berkeley), FTII is an English Barrister at Temple Tax Chambers in London and is also a South African Advocate and a Canadian and Irish Barrister. His practice focuses on international tax disputes as counsel and as an expert and advises on solving cross-border tax problems. He is a Visiting Professor at the Faculty of Law, King’s College London University. He has been listed as a leading tax Barrister in both the Legal 500, for international corporate tax, and Chambers’ Guide to the Legal Profession, for international transactions and particular expertise in transfer pricing. He has been lauded in Who’s Who Legal, UK Bar for his ‘brilliant’ handling of cross-border tax problems. In Chambers Guide, he is identified as ‘the double tax guru’ with ‘extraordinary depth of knowledge and experience when it comes to tax treaty issues and is a creative thinker and a clear and meticulous writer’.

Keeping Pace with Change: Fintech and the Evolution of Commercial Law

Keeping Pace with Change: Fintech and the Evolution of Commercial Law PDF

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2022-01-27

Total Pages: 31

ISBN-13: 1616358750

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This note explores the interactions between new technologies with key areas of commercial law and potential legal changes to respond to new developments in technology and businesses. Inspired by the Bali Fintech Agenda, this note argues that country authorities need to closely examine the adequacy of their legal frameworks to accommodate the use of new technologies and implement necessary legal reform so as to reap the benefits of fintech while mitigating risks. Given the cross-border nature of new technologies, international cooperation among all relevant stakeholders is critical. The note is structured as follows: Section II describes the relations between technology, business, and law, Section III discusses the nature and functions of commercial law; Section IV provides a brief overview of developments in fintech; Section V examines the interaction between technology and commercial law; and Section VI concludes with a preliminary agenda for legal reform to accommodate the use of new technologies.

Fighting Tax Crime – The Ten Global Principles, Second Edition

Fighting Tax Crime – The Ten Global Principles, Second Edition PDF

Author: OECD

Publisher: OECD Publishing

Published: 2021-06-17

Total Pages: 78

ISBN-13: 9264572872

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First published in 2017, Fighting Tax Crime - The Ten Global Principles is the first comprehensive guide to fighting tax crimes. It sets out ten essential principles covering the legal, institutional, administrative, and operational aspects necessary for developing an efficient and effective system for identifying, investigating and prosecuting tax crimes, while respecting the rights of accused taxpayers.

Violence and Social Orders

Violence and Social Orders PDF

Author: Douglass Cecil North

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2009-02-26

Total Pages: 345

ISBN-13: 0521761735

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This book integrates the problem of violence into a larger framework, showing how economic and political behavior are closely linked.