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International Perspectives on Cultural Parks
Tourism and National Parks
Author: Warwick Frost
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2012-08-21
Total Pages: 366
ISBN-13: 1134029640
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →In 1872 Yellowstone was established as a National Park. The name caught the public’s imagination and by the close of the century, other National Parks had been declared, not only in the USA, but also in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. Yet as it has spread, the concept has evolved and diversified. In the absence of any international controlling body, individual countries have been free to adapt the concept for their own physical, social and economic environments. Some have established national parks to protect scenery, others to protect ecosystems or wildlife. Tourism has also been a fundamental component of the national parks concept from the beginning and predates ecological justifications for national park establishment though it has been closely related to landscape conservation rationales at the outset. Approaches to tourism and visitor management have varied. Some have stripped their parks of signs of human settlement, while increasingly others are blending natural and cultural heritage, and reflecting national identities. This edited volume explores in detail, the origins and multiple meanings of National Parks and their relationship to tourism in a variety of national contexts. It consists of a series of introductory overview chapters followed by case study chapters from around the world including insights from the US, Canada, Australia, UK, Spain, France, Sweden, Indonesia, China and Southern Africa. Taking a global comparative approach, this book examines how and why national parks have spread and evolved, how they have been fashioned and used, and the integral role of tourism within national parks. The volume’s focus on the long standing connection between tourism and national parks; and the changing concept of national parks over time and space give the book a distinct niche in the national parks and tourism literature. The volume is expected to contribute not only to tourism and national park studies at the upper level undergraduate and graduate levels but also to courses in international and comparative environmental history, conservation studies, and outdoor recreation management.
Civilizing Nature
Author: Bernhard Gissibl
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Published: 2012-11-01
Total Pages: 304
ISBN-13: 0857455273
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →National parks are one of the most important and successful institutions in global environmentalism. Since their first designation in the United States in the 1860s and 1870s they have become a global phenomenon. The development of these ecological and political systems cannot be understood as a simple reaction to mounting environmental problems, nor can it be explained by the spread of environmental sensibilities. Shifting the focus from the usual emphasis on national parks in the United States, this volume adopts an historical and transnational perspective on the global geography of protected areas and its changes over time. It focuses especially on the actors, networks, mechanisms, arenas, and institutions responsible for the global spread of the national park and the associated utilization and mobilization of asymmetrical relationships of power and knowledge, contributing to scholarly discussions of globalization and the emergence of global environmental institutions and governance.
Cultural Parks and National Heritage Areas
Author: Pablo Alonso González
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Published: 2013-11-13
Total Pages: 185
ISBN-13: 1443854123
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The number of cultural parks has been steadily increasing in recent years throughout the world. But what is a cultural park? This book provides a detailed answer to this question and sets out the basis for an academic debate that moves beyond the technical narratives that have prevailed to date. It is important to open up the topic to academic scrutiny given that cultural parks are becoming widespread devices being employed by different institutions and social groups to manage and enhance cultural and natural heritage assets and landscapes. The main problem in dealing with this topic is the predominant lack of theory-grounded, critical reflection in the literature about cultural parks. These remain largely conceived as technical instruments deployed by institutions in order to solve an array of problems they must deal with. As cultural parks are generally regarded as positive and constructive tools whose performance is associated with the preservation of heritage, the overcoming of the nature/culture divide, the reinforcing of identity and memory and the strengthening of social cohesion and economic development, this book critically explores these issues through the analysis of the literature on cultural parks. In addition, it provides a novel theoretical conceptualization of cultural parks that is connected with, and underpins, a tentative methodology developed for their empirical analysis.
Leisure and Tourism
National Parks Beyond the Nation
Author: Adrian Howkins
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
Published: 2016-03-31
Total Pages: 337
ISBN-13: 0806154756
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →“The idea of a national park was an American invention of historic consequences marking the beginning of a worldwide movement,” the U.S. National Park Service asserts in its 2006 Management Policies. National Parks beyond the Nation brings together the work of fifteen scholars and writers to reveal the tremendous diversity of the global national park experience—an experience sometimes influencing, sometimes influenced by, and sometimes with no reference whatever to the United States. Writer and historian Wallace Stegner once called national parks “America’s best idea.” The contributors to this volume use that exceptionalist claim as a starting point for thinking about an international history of national parks. They explore the historical interactions and influences—intellectual, political, and material—within and between national park systems in Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, Indonesia, Antarctica, Brazil, and other countries. What is the role of science in the history of these preserves? Of politics? What purposes do they serve: Conservation? Education? Reverence toward nature? Tourist pleasure? People have thought differently about national parks at different times and in different places; and neat physical boundaries have been disrupted by wandering animals, human movements, the spread of disease, and climate change. Viewing parks around the world, at various scales and across national frontiers, these essays offer a panoptic view of the common and contrasting cultural and environmental features of national parks worldwide. If national parks are, as Stegner said, “absolutely American,” they are no less part of the world at large. National Parks beyond the Nation tells us as much about the multifarious and changing ideas of nature and culture as about the framing of those ideas in geographic, temporal, and national terms.
Cultural Diversity
Author: Meryl Snider
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Published: 2014
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9781611220636
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →To conceive the entrance of the individual to the culture, Bruner proposes the idea of an education susceptible to adapt a culture to the needs its members and to adapt its members and their manners to teach the needs the culture. According to him, "our actions are guided by values, standards which, far from being "natural", are cultural and "symbolic constructions" (Bruner, in 1999). He conceives the human development as a process of collaboration between child and adult, the adult being envisaged as mediator of the culture. This book discusses the international perspectives, as well as the impacts on the workplace and educational challenges of cultural diversity. Topics include naming and planning to overcome barriers to parent involvement in pre-service teachers' online discussions; factors influencing students' perceptions of training in cultural diversity competence; inclusion in higher education; how culturally diverse classrooms respond to instructional technologies; immigrants; moving toward a culture of diversity; culture diversity and identity; infotainment system features set adaptation to target cultures; and using teaching practices that motivate culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) nursing students to learn and succeed in their studies.
Heritage Tourism
Author: Hyung Yu Park
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2013-11-20
Total Pages: 252
ISBN-13: 113470464X
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Heritage tourism has become an increasingly significant component of the global tourism industry, particularly in countries striving to diversify away from sea, sand and sun. This growth has had profound influences on the presentation and representation of both tangible and intangible heritage within tourism context. The concept of heritage continues to evolve with its fast-changing political, economic and socio-cultural surroundings. Therefore it is essential that heritage tourism engages with the new form of globalised communities and societies, which have become more assimilated to each other but yet strive to sustain their own distinctive locality. This book aims to offer a thorough critical examination and systematic evaluation of the unique dynamics of heritage and tourism development from both social sciences and management perspectives. It incorporates both global and local perspectives in theorising and managing heritage tourism. While focusing on reviewing and analysing key academic concepts and debates including authenticity, commodification, globalisation and heritage interpretation, this book also discusses and evaluates topical issues such as sustainable development, marketing strategies and digital technologies including social media. It theoretically locates heritage discourses in the analysis of heritage tourism development and management drawing on various perspectives, from tourism, heritage studies, sociology, anthropology, politics and geography to management and marketing studies. Including case studies of topical concerns, controversies and challenges it will encourage readers to develop a new and insightful understanding of the dialectical relationship between heritage and tourism development. This book is essential reading for students studying tourism, heritage studies, cultural studies as well as related disciplines.
Landscapes for Art
Author: Glenn Harper
Publisher: Isc Press
Published: 2008
Total Pages: 228
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Sculpture parks and gardens, whether woodland sanctuaries or urban retreats, sprawling sites or intimate oases, offer sculpture lovers and artists alike unique ways to experience the outdoors, sculpture, and the intersections between nature and culture. Since the mid-20th century, these venues have become important tourist destinations and essential aspects of public life in cities such as Chicago, Minneapolis, and Seattle and regions such as Yorkshire in England and the Hudson Highlands in New York. Landscapes for Art: Contemporary Sculpture Parks surveys a wide range of sculpture parks and gardens that focus on contemporary art--from well-established, museum-type institutions to small-scale, non-collecting, experimental programs. The book includes profiles of sculpture parks in the U.S., U.K., Japan, Australia, Lithuania, China, Italy, Canada, the Netherlands, Belgium, India, Latvia, Sweden, and Finland (among others). There are articles on key topics by art critics, landscape architects, and sculpture park professionals and interviews with Isamu Noguchi, Martin Friedman, and Alfio Bonanno.
