Cambrian Ocean World

Cambrian Ocean World PDF

Author: John Foster

Publisher: Indiana University Press

Published: 2014-06-06

Total Pages: 457

ISBN-13: 0253011884

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This volume, aimed at the general reader, presents life and times of the amazing animals that inhabited Earth more than 500 million years ago. The Cambrian Period was a critical time in Earth's history. During this immense span of time nearly every modern group of animals appeared. Although life had been around for more than 2 million millennia, Cambrian rocks preserve the record of the first appearance of complex animals with eyes, protective skeletons, antennae, and complex ecologies. Grazing, predation, and multi-tiered ecosystems with animals living in, on, or above the sea floor became common. The cascade of interaction led to an ever-increasing diversification of animal body types. By the end of the period, the ancestors of sponges, corals, jellyfish, worms, mollusks, brachiopods, arthropods, echinoderms, and vertebrates were all in place. The evidence of this Cambrian "explosion" is preserved in rocks all over the world, including North America, where the seemingly strange animals of the period are preserved in exquisite detail in deposits such as the Burgess Shale in British Columbia. Cambrian Ocean World tells the story of what is, for us, the most important period in our planet's long history.

1st International Conference, ‘Resonance’: on Cognitive Approach, Social Ethics and Sustainability

1st International Conference, ‘Resonance’: on Cognitive Approach, Social Ethics and Sustainability PDF

Author: Raul V. Rodriguez

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2024-06-24

Total Pages: 348

ISBN-13: 1040147453

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Artificial intelligence (AI) has been fast growing since its evolution and experiments with various new add-on features; human efficiency is one among those and the most controversial topic. This chapter focuses on its attention towards studying human consciousness and AI independently and in conjunction. It provides theories and arguments on AI being able to adapt human-like consciousness, cognitive abilities and ethics. This chapter studies responses of more than 300 candidates of the Indian population and compares it against the literature review. Furthermore, it also discusses whether AI could attain consciousness, develop its own set of cognitive abilities (cognitive AI), ethics (AI ethics) and overcome human beings’ efficiency. This chapter is a study of the Indian population’s understanding of consciousness, cognitive AI and AI ethics.

Ichnology

Ichnology PDF

Author: Luis A. Buatois

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2011-08-11

Total Pages: 371

ISBN-13: 1139500643

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Ichnology is the study of traces created in the substrate by living organisms. This is the first book to systematically cover basic concepts and applications in both paleobiology and sedimentology, bridging the gap between the two main facets of the field. It emphasizes the importance of understanding ecologic controls on benthic fauna distribution and the role of burrowing organisms in changing their environments. A detailed analysis of the ichnology of a range of depositional environments is presented using examples from the Precambrian to the recent, and the use of trace fossils in facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy is discussed. The potential for biogenic structures to provide valuable information and solve problems in a wide range of fields is also highlighted. An invaluable resource for researchers and graduate students in paleontology, sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy, this book will also be of interest to industry professionals working in petroleum geoscience.

Rough-Hewn Land

Rough-Hewn Land PDF

Author: Keith Heyer Meldahl

Publisher: Univ of California Press

Published: 2013-05

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 0520275772

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"Rough-Hewn Land tells the geologic story of the American West--the story of its rocks, rivers, mountains, earthquakes, and mineral wealth, including gold. It tells it by taking you on a 1000-mile-long field trip across the rough side of the continent from the California coast to the Rocky Mountains. This book puts you on the outcrop, geologic hammer in hand, to explore the evidence for how the spectacular, rough-hewn lands of the West came to be. When North America broke free from Eurasia and Africa some 200 million years ago, it triggered a cascade of violent geologic events that shaped the West we see today. As the west-moving continent crunched across the seabed of the ancient Pacific, islands and assorted pieces of ocean floor collected against its prow to build California--and plant gold there too. Meanwhile, mountains squeezed upward from California to Colorado, and vast quantities of molten rock seeded the crust with precious metals while spewing volcanic fire across the land. Later, the land stretched like an accordion to form the washboard-like Basin and Range province and Great Basin within it, while California began to crackle along the San Andreas fault. Throughout the West today, a near-constant drumroll of earthquakes testifies to a world still reshaping itself in response to the ceaseless movements of the Earth's tectonic plates. Rough-Hewn Land weaves these stories into the human history of the West. As we follow the adventures of John C. Frémont, Mark Twain, the Donner party, and other historic characters, we see how geologic forces have shaped human experience, just as they direct the fate of the West today"--

Early Palaeozoic Biogeography and Palaeogeography

Early Palaeozoic Biogeography and Palaeogeography PDF

Author: D.A.T. Harper

Publisher: Geological Society of London

Published: 2014-01-27

Total Pages: 485

ISBN-13: 1862393737

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The Early Palaeozoic was a critical interval in the evolution of marine life on our planet. Through a window of some 120 million years, the Cambrian Explosion, Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, End Ordovician Extinction and the subsequent Silurian Recovery established a steep trajectory of increasing marine biodiversity that started in the Late Proterozoic and continued into the Devonian. Biogeography is a key property of virtually all organisms; their distributional ranges, mapped out on a mosaic of changing palaeogeography, have played important roles in modulating the diversity and evolution of marine life. This Memoir first introduces the content, some of the concepts involved in describing and interpreting palaeobiogeography, and the changing Early Palaeozoic geography is illustrated through a series of time slices. The subsequent 26 chapters, compiled by some 130 authors from over 20 countries, describe and analyse distributional and in many cases diversity data for all the major biotic groups plotted on current palaeogeographic maps. Nearly a quarter of a century after the publication of the ‘Green Book’ (Geological Society, London, Memoir12, edited by McKerrow and Scotese), improved stratigraphic and taxonomic data together with more accurate, digitized palaeogeographic maps, have confirmed the central role of palaeobiogeography in understanding the evolution of Early Palaeozoic ecosystems and their biotas.

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