Lanterna Rally

Author: Charles Markland

Publisher:

Published: 2011

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

Chapter 1 serves as an introduction to the concept of intercalation chemistry, and the layered hosts which are capable of intercalating guest species. The structures, syntheses and applications of layered metal hydroxides (including layered double hydroxides, hydroxy double salts, and lanthanide hydroxy salts) are covered in detail. In Chapter 2, the synthesis of a number of novel hybrids of IDHs with artificial sweeteners is reported, in addition to intercalation compounds of ferulate and theobromine. The solids produced are characterised, and the release of the guests from each hybrid studied in faux-biological conditions. The mechanisms contributing to release in each system are determined using a number of kinetic models. In Chapter 3, intercalation compounds of agrochemicals and drugs in IDH and HS hosts are synthesised and characterised. The release from the new compounds is studied using a soil column (for the agrochemicals), and by immobilisation in enterically-coated alginate beads (for the drugs). Analysis of the kinetics suggests two distinct phases in the release processes of these unusual systems. In Chapter 4, the IDH hybrids of thiosulfate and tartrazine are studied. The tartrazine intercalates are investigated as reagents for testing the hardness of water, and the thiosulfate compounds for use in colour fixation. In situ X-ray experiments are used to directly observe the progress of the release reactions of the compounds. Chapter 5 covers a systematic application of the salt-oxide method of layered metal hydroxide synthesis to all practical combinations of oxides and salts. Novel syntheses of many IDH and lIDS hosts are reported, along with the synthesis and characterisation of an unreported IDH containing cadmium and gallium. Chapter 6 contains details of the experimental procedures for each reaction, in addition to the instrumentation used for characterising each of the products. Appendix A contains the lattice parameters determined for all new IDH phases, and details of the calculations for determining the orientations of guest molecules. Appendix B contains the results of elemental microanalysis for each IDH intercalation compound reported in the experimental chapters.