-PDF Download- Institutions Impact Synergies And Food Security A Methodology With Results From The Kala Oya Basin Sri Lanka EBOOK

Institutions, impact synergies and food security: a methodology with results from the Kala Oya Basin, Sri Lanka

Author: Saleth, Rathinasamy Maria, Dinar, A., Neubert, S., Kamaiah, B., Manoharan, S., Abayawardana, Sarath, Ariyaratne, Ranjith, de Silva, S.

Publisher: IWMI

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 46

ISBN-13: 9290906863

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The success of development programs depends on the role of underlying institutions and the impact synergies from closely related programs. Existing literature has limitations in accounting for these critical factors. This paper fills this gap by developing a methodology, which can quantify both the institutional roles in impact generation and the impact synergies from related programs. The methodology is applied to the Kala Oya Basin in Sri Lanka for evaluating the impacts of three development programs and 11 institutions on food security. The results provide valuable insights on the relative roles of institutions and the varying flow of impact synergies both within and across impact pathways.

Quantifying Institutional Impacts and Development Synergies in Water Resource Programs: A Methodology with Application to the Kala Oya Basin, Sri Lanka

Author: R. Maria Saleth

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 71

ISBN-13:

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The success of development programs, including water resource projects, depends on two key factors: the role of underlying institutions and the impact synergies from other closely related programs. Existing methodologies have limitations in accounting for these critical factors. This paper fills this gap by developing a methodology, which quantifies both the roles that institutions play in impact generation and the extent of impact synergies that flows from closely related programs within a unified framework. The methodology is applied to the Kala Oya Basin in Sri Lanka in order to evaluate the impacts of three water-related programs and the roles of 11 institutions in the context of food security. The results provide considerable insights on the relative role of institutions and the flow of development synergies both within and across different impact pathways. The methodology can also be used to locate slack in impact chains and identify policy options to enhance the impact flows.

Proceedings of the National Conference on Water, Food Security, and Climate Change in Sri Lanka, BMICH, Colombo, June 9-11, 2009. Volume 3. Policies, institutions, and data needs for water management

Author: Jinapala, K

Publisher: IWMI

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 167

ISBN-13: 9290907207

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Contributed papers presented at the conference organized by International Water Management Institute, Irrigation Dept., Dept. of Agriculture, and Hector Kobbekaduwa Agrarian Research and Training Institute.

Quantifying Institutional Impacts and Development Synergies in Water Resource Programs

Author: R. Maria Saleth

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 71

ISBN-13:

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Groundwater of South Asia

Author: Abhijit Mukherjee

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-06-01

Total Pages: 799

ISBN-13: 9811038899

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This book presents recent findings from the South Asian region (SA), broadly including groundwater studies on (a) quantity, (b) exploration, (c) quality and pollution, (d) economics, management and policies, (e) groundwater and society, and (f) sustainable sources. It offers a compilation of compelling, authentic insights into groundwater scenarios throughout the water-stressed South Asia region. Comprising Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, it is the most densely populated region in the world: It occupies approximately 4% of the global land area but supports more than 25% of the global population. The SA region now faces an acute shortage of fresh water due to a rapid rise in water demand and changes in societal water-use patterns. Combining essential advances and perspectives, this book offers a valuable resource for all scientists, planners and policymakers who are interested in understanding and developing the SA and other related areas.

Drivers and characteristics of wastewater agriculture in developing countries: results from a global assessment

Author: Raschid-Sally, L., Jayakody, P.

Publisher: IWMI

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 39

ISBN-13: 9290906987

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In 4 out of 5 cities in developing countries, wastewater is used to cultivate perishable crops for urban markets. Such practices create a health risk but provide important livelihood benefits. This study through an analysis of 53 cities in developing countries, contributes to understanding the factors that drive wastewater use. The main drivers are (1) increasing urban water demand without wastewater treatment causing pollution of irrigation water sources; (2) urban food demand favoring agriculture close to cities where water sources are polluted; and (3) lack of cheaper, similarly reliable or safer water sources. Poverty, which constrains the infrastructure needs of urbanization, is an added factor. The study makes policy recommendations stressing on, effectively applying the WHO guidelines, linking investments in water supply with sanitation for maximum beneficial impact on water pollution, and involving actors at both the national and local level, for water quality improvements and health risk reduction

Implementing Integrated River Basin Management

Author: François Molle

Publisher: IWMI

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 35

ISBN-13: 9290907088

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The report focuses on the establishment of the Red River Basin Organization (RRBO) in Vietnam, but expands its analysis to the wider transformations of the water sector that impinge on the formation and effectiveness of this organization. A few reflections on the policy process are drawn from this analysis, albeit in a tentative form given the relatively limited period of time considered here. The report shows that the promotion of IWRM icons such as RBOs by donors has been quite disconnected from the existing institutional framework. However, the establishment of RBOs might eventually strengthen a better separation of operation and regulation roles. Institutional change is shown to result from the interaction between endogenous processes and external pressures, in ways that are barely predictable.

Climate change impacts on hydrology and water resources of the Upper Blue Nile River Basin, Ethiopia

Author: Kim, U., Kaluarachchi, J. J., Smakhtin, V. U.

Publisher: IWMI

Published: 2008

Total Pages: 31

ISBN-13: 9290906960

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The report evaluates the impacts of climate change on the hydrological regime and water resources of the Blue Nile River Basin in Ethiopia. It starts from the construction of the climate change scenarios based on the outcomes of several general circulation models (GCMs), uses a simple hydrological model to convert theses scenarios into runoff, and examines the impacts by means of a set of indices. The results, however uncertain with existing accuracy of climate models, suggest that the region is likely to have the future potential to produce hydropower, increase flow duration, and increase water storage capacity without affecting outflows to the riparian countries in the 2050s.

Mapping drought patterns and impacts: a global perspective

Author: Nishadi Eriyagama

Publisher: IWMI

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 36

ISBN-13: 9290907118

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The study examines the global pattern and impacts of droughts through mapping several drought-related characteristics - either at a country level or at regular grid scales. It appears that arid and semi-arid areas also tend to have a higher probability of drought occurrence. It is illustrated that the African continent is lagging behind the rest of the world on many indicators related to drought-preparedness and that agricultural economies, overall, are much more vulnerable to adverse societal impacts of meteorological droughts. The study also examines the ability of various countries to satisfy their water needs during droughts using storage-related indices.

Economic gains of improving soil fertility and water holding capacity with clay application: the impact of soil remediation research in northeast Thailand

Author: Saleth, R. M., Inocencio, A., Noble, A. D., Ruaysoongnern, S.

Publisher: IWMI

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 42

ISBN-13: 929090707X

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Declining productivity of agricultural soils in Northeast Thailand is a challenge facing land managers and farmers. A program was initiated in 2002 to investigate the potential role of incorporating clay-based materials into degraded soils as a means of enhancing productivity. This research report attempts to provide an ex-post assessment of the field level impact and economic viability of this approach, using the empirically derived estimates of the average income impacts that the application of bentonite or clay technology has generated among farm communities in Northeast Thailand. From an exclusive IWMI perspective, the impact evaluation suggests that the program has a net present value (NPV) of US$0.41 million with a benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 2.44 for the sample, and a NPV of US$21 million with a BCR of 75 for the region.