Instability and Non-uniqueness for the 2D Euler Equations, After M. Vishik

Instability and Non-uniqueness for the 2D Euler Equations, After M. Vishik PDF

Author: Camillo De Lellis

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2024-02-13

Total Pages: 148

ISBN-13: 0691257531

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An essential companion to M. Vishik’s groundbreaking work in fluid mechanics The incompressible Euler equations are a system of partial differential equations introduced by Leonhard Euler more than 250 years ago to describe the motion of an inviscid incompressible fluid. These equations can be derived from the classical conservations laws of mass and momentum under some very idealized assumptions. While they look simple compared to many other equations of mathematical physics, several fundamental mathematical questions about them are still unanswered. One is under which assumptions it can be rigorously proved that they determine the evolution of the fluid once we know its initial state and the forces acting on it. This book addresses a well-known case of this question in two space dimensions. Following the pioneering ideas of M. Vishik, the authors explain in detail the optimality of a celebrated theorem of V. Yudovich in the sixties, which states that, in the vorticity formulation, the solution is unique if the initial vorticity and the acting force are bounded. In particular, the authors show that Yudovich’s theorem cannot be generalized to the L^p setting.

Contributions to the Theory of Games (AM-39), Volume III

Contributions to the Theory of Games (AM-39), Volume III PDF

Author: Melvin Dresher

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2016-03-02

Total Pages: 448

ISBN-13: 140088215X

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A new group of contributions to the development of this theory by leading experts in the field. The contributors include L. D. Berkovitz, L. E. Dubins, H. Everett, W. H. Fleming, D. Gale, D. Gillette, S. Karlin, J. G. Kemeny, R. Restrepo, H. E. Scarf, M. Sion, G. L. Thompson, P. Wolfe, and others.

Values of Non-Atomic Games

Values of Non-Atomic Games PDF

Author: Robert J. Aumann

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2015-03-08

Total Pages: 348

ISBN-13: 1400867088

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The "Shapley value" of a finite multi- person game associates to each player the amount he should be willing to pay to participate. This book extends the value concept to certain classes of non-atomic games, which are infinite-person games in which no individual player has significance. It is primarily a book of mathematics—a study of non-additive set functions and associated linear operators. Originally published in 1974. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

The Mathematical Analysis of the Incompressible Euler and Navier-Stokes Equations

The Mathematical Analysis of the Incompressible Euler and Navier-Stokes Equations PDF

Author: Jacob Bedrossian

Publisher: American Mathematical Society

Published: 2022-09-22

Total Pages: 235

ISBN-13: 1470471787

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The aim of this book is to provide beginning graduate students who completed the first two semesters of graduate-level analysis and PDE courses with a first exposure to the mathematical analysis of the incompressible Euler and Navier-Stokes equations. The book gives a concise introduction to the fundamental results in the well-posedness theory of these PDEs, leaving aside some of the technical challenges presented by bounded domains or by intricate functional spaces. Chapters 1 and 2 cover the fundamentals of the Euler theory: derivation, Eulerian and Lagrangian perspectives, vorticity, special solutions, existence theory for smooth solutions, and blowup criteria. Chapters 3, 4, and 5 cover the fundamentals of the Navier-Stokes theory: derivation, special solutions, existence theory for strong solutions, Leray theory of weak solutions, weak-strong uniqueness, existence theory of mild solutions, and Prodi-Serrin regularity criteria. Chapter 6 provides a short guide to the must-read topics, including active research directions, for an advanced graduate student working in incompressible fluids. It may be used as a roadmap for a topics course in a subsequent semester. The appendix recalls basic results from real, harmonic, and functional analysis. Each chapter concludes with exercises, making the text suitable for a one-semester graduate course. Prerequisites to this book are the first two semesters of graduate-level analysis and PDE courses.

Mathematical Aspects of Nonlinear Dispersive Equations (AM-163)

Mathematical Aspects of Nonlinear Dispersive Equations (AM-163) PDF

Author: Jean Bourgain

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2009-01-10

Total Pages: 309

ISBN-13: 1400827795

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This collection of new and original papers on mathematical aspects of nonlinear dispersive equations includes both expository and technical papers that reflect a number of recent advances in the field. The expository papers describe the state of the art and research directions. The technical papers concentrate on a specific problem and the related analysis and are addressed to active researchers. The book deals with many topics that have been the focus of intensive research and, in several cases, significant progress in recent years, including hyperbolic conservation laws, Schrödinger operators, nonlinear Schrödinger and wave equations, and the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations.

The Geometry and Dynamics of Magnetic Monopoles

The Geometry and Dynamics of Magnetic Monopoles PDF

Author: Michael Francis Atiyah

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2014-07-14

Total Pages: 143

ISBN-13: 1400859301

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Systems governed by non-linear differential equations are of fundamental importance in all branches of science, but our understanding of them is still extremely limited. In this book a particular system, describing the interaction of magnetic monopoles, is investigated in detail. The use of new geometrical methods produces a reasonably clear picture of the dynamics for slowly moving monopoles. This picture clarifies the important notion of solitons, which has attracted much attention in recent years. The soliton idea bridges the gap between the concepts of "fields" and "particles," and is here explored in a fully three-dimensional context. While the background and motivation for the work comes from physics, the presentation is mathematical. This book is interdisciplinary and addresses concerns of theoretical physicists interested in elementary particles or general relativity and mathematicians working in analysis or geometry. The interaction between geometry and physics through non-linear partial differential equations is now at a very exciting stage, and the book is a contribution to this activity. Originally published in 1988. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

The Ergodic Theory of Lattice Subgroups (AM-172)

The Ergodic Theory of Lattice Subgroups (AM-172) PDF

Author: Alexander Gorodnik

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 136

ISBN-13: 0691141851

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The results established in this book constitute a new departure in ergodic theory and a significant expansion of its scope. Traditional ergodic theorems focused on amenable groups, and relied on the existence of an asymptotically invariant sequence in the group, the resulting maximal inequalities based on covering arguments, and the transference principle. Here, Alexander Gorodnik and Amos Nevo develop a systematic general approach to the proof of ergodic theorems for a large class of non-amenable locally compact groups and their lattice subgroups. Simple general conditions on the spectral theory of the group and the regularity of the averaging sets are formulated, which suffice to guarantee convergence to the ergodic mean. In particular, this approach gives a complete solution to the problem of establishing mean and pointwise ergodic theorems for the natural averages on semisimple algebraic groups and on their discrete lattice subgroups. Furthermore, an explicit quantitative rate of convergence to the ergodic mean is established in many cases. The topic of this volume lies at the intersection of several mathematical fields of fundamental importance. These include ergodic theory and dynamics of non-amenable groups, harmonic analysis on semisimple algebraic groups and their homogeneous spaces, quantitative non-Euclidean lattice point counting problems and their application to number theory, as well as equidistribution and non-commutative Diophantine approximation. Many examples and applications are provided in the text, demonstrating the usefulness of the results established.

The Master Equation and the Convergence Problem in Mean Field Games

The Master Equation and the Convergence Problem in Mean Field Games PDF

Author: Pierre Cardaliaguet

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2019-08-13

Total Pages: 224

ISBN-13: 0691190712

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This book describes the latest advances in the theory of mean field games, which are optimal control problems with a continuum of players, each of them interacting with the whole statistical distribution of a population. While it originated in economics, this theory now has applications in areas as diverse as mathematical finance, crowd phenomena, epidemiology, and cybersecurity. Because mean field games concern the interactions of infinitely many players in an optimal control framework, one expects them to appear as the limit for Nash equilibria of differential games with finitely many players as the number of players tends to infinity. This book rigorously establishes this convergence, which has been an open problem until now. The limit of the system associated with differential games with finitely many players is described by the so-called master equation, a nonlocal transport equation in the space of measures. After defining a suitable notion of differentiability in the space of measures, the authors provide a complete self-contained analysis of the master equation. Their analysis includes the case of common noise problems in which all the players are affected by a common Brownian motion. They then go on to explain how to use the master equation to prove the mean field limit. This groundbreaking book presents two important new results in mean field games that contribute to a unified theoretical framework for this exciting and fast-developing area of mathematics.

The Mathematics of Shock Reflection-Diffraction and von Neumann's Conjectures

The Mathematics of Shock Reflection-Diffraction and von Neumann's Conjectures PDF

Author: Gui-Qiang G Chen

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2018-02-27

Total Pages: 829

ISBN-13: 0691160554

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This book offers a survey of recent developments in the analysis of shock reflection-diffraction, a detailed presentation of original mathematical proofs of von Neumann's conjectures for potential flow, and a collection of related results and new techniques in the analysis of partial differential equations (PDEs), as well as a set of fundamental open problems for further development. Shock waves are fundamental in nature. They are governed by the Euler equations or their variants, generally in the form of nonlinear conservation laws—PDEs of divergence form. When a shock hits an obstacle, shock reflection-diffraction configurations take shape. To understand the fundamental issues involved, such as the structure and transition criteria of different configuration patterns, it is essential to establish the global existence, regularity, and structural stability of shock reflection-diffraction solutions. This involves dealing with several core difficulties in the analysis of nonlinear PDEs—mixed type, free boundaries, and corner singularities—that also arise in fundamental problems in diverse areas such as continuum mechanics, differential geometry, mathematical physics, and materials science. Presenting recently developed approaches and techniques, which will be useful for solving problems with similar difficulties, this book opens up new research opportunities.