Indian Removal

Indian Removal PDF

Author: Grant Foreman

Publisher:

Published: 1972

Total Pages: 423

ISBN-13:

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The forcible uprooting and expulsion of the 60,000 Indians comprising the Five Civilized Tribes, including the Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, Cherokee, and Seminole, unfolded a story that was unparalleled in the history of the United States. The tribes were relocated to Oklahoma and there were chroniclers to record the events and tragedy along the "Trail of Tears."

Unworthy Republic: The Dispossession of Native Americans and the Road to Indian Territory

Unworthy Republic: The Dispossession of Native Americans and the Road to Indian Territory PDF

Author: Claudio Saunt

Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company

Published: 2020-03-24

Total Pages: 348

ISBN-13: 0393609855

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Winner of the 2021 Bancroft Prize and the 2021 Ridenhour Book Prize Finalist for the 2020 National Book Award for Nonfiction Named a Top Ten Best Book of 2020 by the Washington Post and Publishers Weekly and a New York Times Critics' Top Book of 2020 A masterful and unsettling history of “Indian Removal,” the forced migration of Native Americans across the Mississippi River in the 1830s and the state-sponsored theft of their lands. In May 1830, the United States launched an unprecedented campaign to expel 80,000 Native Americans from their eastern homelands to territories west of the Mississippi River. In a firestorm of fraud and violence, thousands of Native Americans lost their lives, and thousands more lost their farms and possessions. The operation soon devolved into an unofficial policy of extermination, enabled by US officials, southern planters, and northern speculators. Hailed for its searing insight, Unworthy Republic transforms our understanding of this pivotal period in American history.

Dispossessing the Wilderness

Dispossessing the Wilderness PDF

Author: Mark David Spence

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 1999-04-15

Total Pages: 200

ISBN-13: 0199880689

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National parks like Yellowstone, Yosemite, and Glacier preserve some of this country's most cherished wilderness landscapes. While visions of pristine, uninhabited nature led to the creation of these parks, they also inspired policies of Indian removal. By contrasting the native histories of these places with the links between Indian policy developments and preservationist efforts, this work examines the complex origins of the national parks and the troubling consequences of the American wilderness ideal. The first study to place national park history within the context of the early reservation era, it details the ways that national parks developed into one of the most important arenas of contention between native peoples and non-Indians in the twentieth century.

Land Too Good for Indians

Land Too Good for Indians PDF

Author: John P. Bowes

Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press

Published: 2016-05-10

Total Pages: 283

ISBN-13: 0806154284

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The history of Indian removal has often followed a single narrative arc, one that begins with President Andrew Jackson’s Indian Removal Act of 1830 and follows the Cherokee Trail of Tears. In that conventional account, the Black Hawk War of 1832 encapsulates the experience of tribes in the territories north of the Ohio River. But Indian removal in the Old Northwest was much more complicated—involving many Indian peoples and more than just one policy, event, or politician. In Land Too Good for Indians, historian John P. Bowes takes a long-needed closer, more expansive look at northern Indian removal—and in so doing amplifies the history of Indian removal and of the United States. Bowes focuses on four case studies that exemplify particular elements of removal in the Old Northwest. He traces the paths taken by Delaware Indians in response to Euro-American expansion and U.S. policies in the decades prior to the Indian Removal Act. He also considers the removal experience among the Seneca-Cayugas, Wyandots, and other Indian communities in the Sandusky River region of northwestern Ohio. Bowes uses the 1833 Treaty of Chicago as a lens through which to examine the forces that drove the divergent removals of various Potawatomi communities from northern Illinois and Indiana. And in exploring the experiences of the Odawas and Ojibwes in Michigan Territory, he analyzes the historical context and choices that enabled some Indian communities to avoid relocation west of the Mississippi River. In expanding the context of removal to include the Old Northwest, and adding a portrait of Native communities there before, during, and after removal, Bowes paints a more accurate—and complicated—picture of American Indian history in the nineteenth century. Land Too Good for Indians reveals the deeper complexities of this crucial time in American history.

Cherokee Removal

Cherokee Removal PDF

Author: William L. Anderson

Publisher: University of Georgia Press

Published: 1992-06-01

Total Pages: 177

ISBN-13: 082031482X

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Includes bibliographical references. Includes index.

The Indian Removal Act and the Trail of Tears

The Indian Removal Act and the Trail of Tears PDF

Author: Susan E. Hamen

Publisher: Weigl Publishers

Published: 2019-08-01

Total Pages: 32

ISBN-13: 148969868X

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The Indian Removal Act promised Native Americans money and supplies to move west to an area called Indian Territory. The government said the Native Americans could live there forever. That promise was broken in the late 1800s. Find out more in The Indian Removal Act and the Trail of Tears, a title in the Building Our Nation series. Building Our Nation is a series of AV2 media enhanced books. A unique book code printed on page 2 unlocks multimedia content. These books come alive with video, audio, weblinks, slideshows, activities, hands-on experiments, and much more.

Toward Cherokee Removal

Toward Cherokee Removal PDF

Author: Adam J. Pratt

Publisher: University of Georgia Press

Published: 2020-11-01

Total Pages: 239

ISBN-13: 0820358266

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Cherokee Removal excited the passions of Americans across the country. Nowhere did those passions have more violent expressions than in Georgia, where white intruders sought to acquire Native land through intimidation and state policies that supported their disorderly conduct. Cherokee Removal and the Trail of Tears, although the direct results of federal policy articulated by Andrew Jackson, were hastened by the state of Georgia. Starting in the 1820s, Georgians flocked onto Cherokee land, stole or destroyed Cherokee property, and generally caused havoc. Although these individuals did not have official license to act in such ways, their behavior proved useful to the state. The state also dispatched paramilitary groups into the Cherokee Nation, whose function was to intimidate Native inhabitants and undermine resistance to the state’s policies. The lengthy campaign of violence and intimidation white Georgians engaged in splintered Cherokee political opposition to Removal and convinced many Cherokees that remaining in Georgia was a recipe for annihilation. Although the use of force proved politically controversial, the method worked. By expelling Cherokees, state politicians could declare that they had made the disputed territory safe for settlement and the enjoyment of the white man’s chance. Adam J. Pratt examines how the process of one state’s expansion fit into a larger, troubling pattern of behavior. Settler societies across the globe relied on legal maneuvers to deprive Native peoples of their land and violent actions that solidified their claims. At stake for Georgia’s leaders was the realization of an idealized society that rested on social order and landownership. To achieve those goals, the state accepted violence and chaos in the short term as a way of ensuring the permanence of a social and political regime that benefitted settlers through the expansion of political rights and the opportunity to own land. To uphold the promise of giving land and opportunity to its own citizens—maintaining what was called the white man’s chance—politics within the state shifted to a more democratic form that used the expansion of land and rights to secure power while taking those same things away from others.

The Indian Removal Act and the Trail of Tears

The Indian Removal Act and the Trail of Tears PDF

Author: Duchess Harris

Publisher: ABDO

Published: 2019-12-15

Total Pages: 51

ISBN-13: 1532176686

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In the early 1800s, white Americans sought out more lands. The 1830 Indian Removal Act allowed the US government to trade lands with Native Americans. But officials often forcibly removed Native peoples from their homelands. The Indian Removal Act and the Trail of Tearsdescribes this period of forced removal and its lasting effects. Easy-to-read text, vivid images, and helpful back matter give readers a clear look at this subject. Features include a table of contents, infographics, a glossary, additional resources, and an index. Aligned to Common Core Standards and correlated to state standards. Core Library is an imprint of Abdo Publishing, a division of ABDO.

The Trail of Tears

The Trail of Tears PDF

Author: Herman A. Peterson

Publisher: Scarecrow Press

Published: 2010-10-11

Total Pages: 164

ISBN-13: 0810877406

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This annotated bibliography gathers together studies in history, ethnohistory, ethnography, anthropology, sociology, rhetoric, and archaeology that pertain to The Removal of the Five Tribes from what is now the Southeastern part of the U.S.

Mary and the Trail of Tears

Mary and the Trail of Tears PDF

Author: Andrea L. Rogers

Publisher: Stone Arch Books

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 113

ISBN-13: 1496587146

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It is June first and twelve-year-old Mary does not really understand what is happening: she does not understand the hatred and greed of the white men who are forcing her Cherokee family out of their home in New Echota, Georgia, capital of the Cherokee Nation, and trying to steal what few things they are allowed to take with them, she does not understand why a soldier killed her grandfather--and she certainly does not understand how she, her sister, and her mother, are going to survive the 1000 mile trip to the lands west of the Mississippi.