Impact of COVID-19 on human resources for health and policy response

Impact of COVID-19 on human resources for health and policy response PDF

Author:

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 2021-12-17

Total Pages: 54

ISBN-13: 9240039007

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In the International Year of Health and Care Workers (2021) and in an effort to support countries in the design and implementation of strategies to address health workers’ problems during COVID-19, WHO’s Health Workforce Department and PAHO Sub-regional Programme for South America supported the development and analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on health workers and the policy responses via a number of country case studies. This paper offers a systematization of the policies and strategies adopted by the participating countries to face the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic on HRH from five South American country case studies: Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. It looks at the impact of COVID-19 on the health, occupational safety and working conditions of the HWF and on the strategies and mechanisms used by these countries to increase, maintain and protect human resources for health (HRH), in terms of their availability, training, protection, welfare, remuneration and financing. The information and lessons learned contribute to providing evidence and align policy priorities and objectives around the protection and care of the health workforce of the countries in the region, and highlight the need to improve investment in HRH as a priority strategy to strengthen resilience of health systems, ensuring continuity, optimal functioning, access and adequate coverage to the whole population. The target audience is health workers and policy makers.

Disaster Epidemiology

Disaster Epidemiology PDF

Author: Jennifer A. Horney

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2017-10-31

Total Pages: 212

ISBN-13: 0128095075

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Disaster Epidemiology: Methods and Applications applies the core methods of epidemiological research and practice to the assessment of the short- and long-term health effects of disasters. The persistent movement of people and economic development to regions vulnerable to natural disasters, as well as new vulnerabilities related to environmental, technological, and terrorism incidents, means that in spite of large global efforts to reduce the impacts and costs of disasters, average annual expenditures to fund rebuilding from catastrophic losses is rising faster than either population or the gross world product. Improving the resilience of individuals and communities to these natural and technological disasters, climate change, and other natural and manmade stressors is one of the grand challenges of the 21st century. This book provides a guide to disaster epidemiology methods, supported with applications from practice. It helps researchers, public health practitioners, and governmental policy makers to better quantify the impacts of disaster on the health of individuals and communities to enhance resilience to future disasters. Disaster Epidemiology: Methods and Applications explains how public health surveillance, rapid assessments, and other epidemiologic studies can be conducted in the post-disaster setting to prevent injury, illness, or death; provide accurate and timely information for decisions makers; and improve prevention and mitigation strategies for future disasters. These methods can also be applied to the study of other types of public health emergencies, such as infectious outbreaks, emerging and re-emerging diseases, and refugee health. This book gives both the public health practitioner and researcher the tools they need to conduct epidemiological studies in a disaster setting and can be used as a reference or as part of a course. Provides a holistic perspective to epidemiology with an integration of academic and practical approaches Showcases the use of hands-on techniques and principles to solve real-world problems Includes contributions from both established and emerging scholars in the field of disaster epidemiology

Collapse and Recovery

Collapse and Recovery PDF

Author: Norbert Schady

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2023-03-16

Total Pages: 346

ISBN-13: 1464819343

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Worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has been an enormous shock to mortality, economies, and daily life. But what has received insufficient attention is the impact of the pandemic on the accumulation of human capital—the health, education, and skills—of young people. How large was the setback, and how far are we still from a recovery? Collapse and Recovery estimates the impacts of the pandemic on the human capital of young children, school-age children, and youth and discusses the urgent actions needed to reverse the damage. It shows that there was a collapse of human capital and that, unless that collapse is remedied, it is a time bomb for countries. Specifically, the report documents alarming declines in cognitive and social-emotional development among young children, which could translate into a 25 percent reduction in their earnings as adults. It finds that 1 billion children in low- and middle-income countries missed at least one year of in-person schooling. And despite enormous efforts in remote learning, children did not learn during the unprecedentedly long school closures, which could reduce future lifetime earnings around the world by US$21 trillion. The report quantifies the dramatic drops in employment and skills among youth that resulted from the pandemic as well as the substantial increase in the number of youth neither employed nor enrolled in education or training. In all of these age groups, the impacts of the pandemic were consistently worse for children from poorer backgrounds. These losses call for immediate action. The good news is that evidence-based policies can recover these losses. Collapse and Recovery reviews governments’ responses to the pandemic, assessing why there was a collapse in human capital accumulation, what was missing in the policy architecture to protect human capital during the crisis, and how governments can better prepare to withstand future shocks. It offers concrete policy recommendations to recover losses in human capital—programs that will end up paying for themselves in the long term. To better prepare for future shocks such as climate change and wars, the report emphasizes the need for solutions that bring health, education, and social protection programs together in an integrated human development system. If countries fail to act, the losses in human capital documented in this report will become permanent and last for multiple generations. The time to act is now.

International Human Resource Management

International Human Resource Management PDF

Author: Michael Dickmann

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2008-04-18

Total Pages: 342

ISBN-13: 1134097344

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Conducting business across national borders is nothing new; the Knights Templar were banking internationally as long ago as 1135. But modern globalization processes raise different challenges, and as the world becomes smaller and labour movements more common, an international understanding of human resource management is essential. The second edition of International HRM provides a fully updated and revised analysis of this important area. Its innovative, multi-disciplinary approach allows a holistic picture to emerge in which key issues are assessed from organizational, individual and societal perspectives. The collection is divided into three parts: the contemporary internationalization context the management of international employees strategic issues facing international HR managers. Supported by new research, and including work from eminent writers in the field, this book discusses issues as diverse as the relative absence of women in international work, the ethical merits of localization, and the context faced by organizations like the United Nations. It is a valuable tool for all students, researchers and practitioners working in international business and human resource management.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Policy Response on Health Care Utilization

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Policy Response on Health Care Utilization PDF

Author: Jonathan H. Cantor

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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The COVID-19 pandemic has forced federal, state and local policymakers to respond by legislating, enacting, and enforcing social distancing policies. However, the impact of these policies on healthcare utilization in the United States has been largely unexplored. We examine the impact of county-level shelter in place ordinances on healthcare utilization using two unique datasets--employer-sponsored insurance for over 6 million people in the US and cell phone location data. We find that introduction of these policies was associated with reductions in the use of preventive care, elective care, and the number of weekly visits to physician offices and hospitals. However, controlling for county-level exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic reduces the impact of these policies. Our results imply that while social distancing policies do lead to reductions in healthcare utilization, much of these reductions would have occurred even in the absence of these policies.

Organising Care in a Time of Covid-19

Organising Care in a Time of Covid-19 PDF

Author: Justin Waring

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-11-08

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 3030826961

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The COVID-19 pandemic has led to radical transformations in the organisation and delivery of health and care services across the world. In many countries, policy makers have rushed to re-organise care services to meet the surge demand of COVID-19, from re-purposing existing services to creating new ‘field’ hospitals. Such strategies signal important and sweeping changes in the organisation of both ‘COVID’ and ‘non-COVID’ care, whilst asking more fundamental questions about the long-term organisation of care ‘after COVID’. In some contexts, the pandemic has exposed the fragilities and vulnerabilities of care systems, whilst in others, it has shown how services are organised to be more resilient and adaptive to unanticipated pressures. The COVID-19 pandemic presents a rare opportunity to examine empirically and to develop new theoretical frameworks on how and why health systems adapt to such unusual and intense pressures. International contributors consider how responses to COVID-19 are transforming the organisation and governance of health and care services and explore questions around strategic leadership at local, regional, national and transnational level. The book offers unique insight and analysis on the dynamics of policy-making, the organisation and governance of care organisations, the role of technologies in governing, the changing role of professionals and the possibilities for more resilient care systems.

The COVID-19 Crisis

The COVID-19 Crisis PDF

Author: Deborah Lupton

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2021-04-19

Total Pages: 202

ISBN-13: 1000375919

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Since its emergence in early 2020, the COVID-19 crisis has affected every part of the world. Well beyond its health effects, the pandemic has wrought major changes in people’s everyday lives as they confront restrictions imposed by physical distancing and consequences such as loss of work, working or learning from home and reduced contact with family and friends. This edited collection covers a diverse range of experiences, practices and representations across international contexts and cultures (UK, Europe, North America, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand). Together, these contributions offer a rich account of COVID society. They provide snapshots of what life was like for people in a variety of situations and locations living through the first months of the novel coronavirus crisis, including discussion not only of health-related experiences but also the impact on family, work, social life and leisure activities. The socio-material dimensions of quotidian practices are highlighted: death rituals, dating apps, online musical performances, fitness and exercise practices, the role of windows, healthcare work, parenting children learning at home, moving in public space as a blind person and many more diverse topics are explored. In doing so, the authors surface the feelings of strangeness and challenges to norms of practice that were part of many people’s experiences, highlighting the profound affective responses that accompanied the disruption to usual cultural forms of sociality and ritual in the wake of the COVID outbreak and restrictions on movement. The authors show how social relationships and social institutions were suspended, re-invented or transformed while social differences were brought to the fore. At the macro level, the book includes localised and comparative analyses of political, health system and policy responses to the pandemic, and highlights the differences in representations and experiences of very different social groups, including people with disabilities, LGBTQI people, Dutch Muslim parents, healthcare workers in France and Australia, young adults living in northern Italy, performing artists and their audiences, exercisers in Australia and New Zealand, the Latin cultures of Spain and Italy, Asian-Americans and older people in Australia. This volume will appeal to undergraduates and postgraduates in sociology, cultural and media studies, medical humanities, anthropology, political science and cultural geography.

What the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed: the findings of five global health workforce professions

What the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed: the findings of five global health workforce professions PDF

Author: Erin DOWNEY

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 2023-03-27

Total Pages: 64

ISBN-13: 9240070184

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As part of the International Year of the Health and Care Workers (IYHCW) 2021 Campaign activities, the World Health Professions Alliance (WHPA) led an analysis of the impact that COVID-19 had on the global health and care workforce for the World Health Organization (WHO). An evidence synthesis was developed using the information and summary reports from each of the WHPA stakeholders related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health and care workers (HCWs), in alignment with the standardized framework developed by WHO to measure the multi-dimensional impact of the pandemic on HCWs. The purpose of this report is to act as an advocacy document to global, regional and national leaders and decision-makers working in the health systems and health workforce domains, sensitizing them about the multi-dimensional impact of COVID-19 on HCWs, the need to think beyond just infections and deaths, and the importance of investing, protecting and safeguarding this workforce. Hence, addressing the impact of COVID-19 on HCWs should be comprehensive, ensuring not just the health and social well-being of the health and care workers, but also their availability and distribution and working conditions. Secondly, it also aims to draw the attention of human resources for health (HRH) planners, policy-makers, program managers, researchers and analysts to the standardized framework developed by WHO, and to motivate them to apply the framework to measure impact at national level.

Impacts of the Covid-19 Pandemic

Impacts of the Covid-19 Pandemic PDF

Author: Nadav Morag

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2022-09-28

Total Pages: 420

ISBN-13: 1119812186

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IMPACTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC Enables Readers to Understand the Impact of International Legislative and Policy Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic The wide array of legal and policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have significant implications regarding the functioning of countries and their respective societies. This book addresses the impact of international legislative and policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in a range of countries. To aid the reader in understanding country-specific developments, each chapter focuses on a specific country and addresses the legal frameworks and policy approaches used to support measures to prevent transmission and otherwise reduce the impact of the virus on society and the economy. Sample topics discussed in the work include: The effect certain policies may have on civil liberties, such as due process, and the right to privacy in specific countries The provision of public goods in the face of the pandemic Policymakers in public health agencies and other branches of government, along with academics studying global pandemic response, homeland security, and emergency management will be able to use this book as a comprehensive resource to understand the current state of COVID-19 policies around the world and the potential future effects of these policies.