Imaging of the Brain in Psychiatry and Related Fields

Imaging of the Brain in Psychiatry and Related Fields PDF

Author: Konrad Maurer

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 491

ISBN-13: 3642770878

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In the last two decades imaging of the brain, or neuroimaging, has become an integral part of clinical and research psychiatry. This is due to recent advances in computer technology, which has made it relatively easy to generate brain images representing structure and function of the central nervous system. Currently used clinical diagnostic imaging modalities, such as X-ray computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) , provide predominantly anatomic information. CT images reflect X-ray attenuation distribution within the brain, whereas MRI signals depend primarily on proton sensitivity and tissue relaxivity. The chapter "Structural Imaging Methods" reviews CT and MRI studies on schizophrenic and affective disorders and degenera tive central nervous system diseases. The impact of fast three dimensional (3-0) imaging and the automatic transfer from 3-D elements in the brain to artificial diagrams based on this information is considered. Since the original report of the findings of Ingvar and Franzen in 1974 and the introduction of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurements, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) has been gaining acceptance as one of the major imaging techniques, and it is available in most nuclear medicine depart ments. The section "Functional Imaging Methods (Cerebral Blood Flow - CBF, Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography - SPECT)" describes rCBF studies with the 133Xe inhalation method utilizing a 254 detector system and rCBF images measured by SPECT using the tracer 99mTc-HMPAO.

Imaging of the Brain in Psychiatry and Related Fields

Imaging of the Brain in Psychiatry and Related Fields PDF

Author: Dr Konrad Maurer, Ph.D.

Publisher:

Published: 1993-04-20

Total Pages: 400

ISBN-13: 9783642770883

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This book represents a review of the state of the art, most recent developments, and future trends in neuroimaging in psychiatry, neuropsychiatry, neurology, neuroradiology, nuclear medicine and related disciplines. The articles by recognized authorities in the field of neuroimaging will focus on results gained by CT, MRI, CBF, SPECT, PET, CET (Computed Electroencephalography), MEG (Magnetencephalography), Behavioural Imaging (Imaging of neuropsychological data) and BCI (Biochemical Imaging - topgraphic mapping of biochemical data, immunocytochemistry, autoradiography and topography of drug actions). The contributions in this volume range from discussions of methodological and clinical aspects to more philosophical discourses of approach. Here, different ways in which neuroimaging can be used clinically are outlined. The information presented represents a major step in bringing the modern advances in neuroimaging to the psychiatrists, neurologists, neuropsychologists and all other working in the field of neuroimaging who will profit from them.

MRI in Psychiatry

MRI in Psychiatry PDF

Author: Christoph Mulert

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-06-27

Total Pages: 430

ISBN-13: 3642545424

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This is the first comprehensive textbook on the use of MRI in psychiatry covering imaging techniques, brain systems and a review of findings in different psychiatric disorders. The book is divided into three sections, the first of which covers in detail all the major MRI-based methodological approaches available today, including fMRI, EEG-fMRI, DTI and MR spectroscopy. In addition, the role of MRI in imaging genetics and combined brain stimulation and imaging is carefully explained. The second section provides an overview of the different brain systems that are relevant for psychiatric disorders, including the systems for perception, emotion, cognition and reward. The final part of the book presents the MRI findings that are obtained in all the major psychiatric disorders using the previously discussed techniques. Numerous carefully chosen images support the informative text, making this an ideal reference work for all practitioners and trainees with an interest in this flourishing field.

Advances in Brain Imaging

Advances in Brain Imaging PDF

Author: John M. Morihisa

Publisher: American Psychiatric Pub

Published: 2008-11-01

Total Pages: 206

ISBN-13: 158562800X

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Brain imaging and its application to major psychiatric disorders such as depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and schizophrenia is one of the most exciting fields in psychiatry today. This thought-provoking collection details the work of five scientists who report some of the most recent findings in the field, review the relevant data in the literature, and place this research within a critical neuroscience context. Each chapter tells a fascinating story: Chapter 1, Functional Brain Imaging in Psychiatry: The Next Wave, reviews the strengths and limitations of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), emphasizes the therapeutic implications of brain imaging findings, and suggests that this field may achieve its greatest utility in the search for the genetic bases for psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Chapter 2, Cognitive Neuroscience: The New Neuroscience of the Mind and Its Implications for Psychiatry, emphasizes the importance of cognitive deficits in our understanding of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and OCD, presenting an exciting discussion of the development of a theory of altered executive function. Chapter 3, Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Children and Adolescents: Implications for Research on Emotion, explains a compelling new way of using fMRI to investigate disorders of emotion (such as major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, and social phobia) in children, synthesizing neuroscience, psychiatry, and developmental psychology. Chapter 4, Brain Structure and Function in Late-Life Depression, presents both structural and functional brain imaging findings, such as decreased brain volume and abnormalities of regional cerebral blood flow, in patients with late-life depression, examining how they compare with younger patients with major depression and raising an intriguing question of trait versus state as the cause for some of these abnormalities. Chapter 5, Neuroimaging Studies of Major Depression, details a distinctive longitudinal and intensely multimodal neuroscience approach particularly well suited for brain studies, describing not only the abnormalities, but also the changes in these abnormalities after therapeutic intervention, showing that some appear to depend on the patient's mood and that other neurophysiologic differences persist even after treatment. The provocative research breakthroughs and findings presented in this volume may lead to important insights in diagnosis, treatment response, and prognosis for some of today's most challenging psychiatric disorders. Researchers and clinicians alike will find that this remarkable volume enhances their understanding of the theory and practice of brain imaging in psychiatry and offers an exciting glimpse of the future directions of both the technology and the science.

Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia PDF

Author: Stephen M. Lawrie

Publisher:

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 438

ISBN-13: 9780198525967

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Neuroimaging techniques have made a huge contribution to our understanding of schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Until now however, texts on both schizophrenia and neuroimaging have paid little attention to the overlap between these areas. This new volume is the first dedicated to unravelling how these techniques can help us better understand this complex disorder. Each chapter focuses on a particular research method, describing the nature of the findings, the main technological problems, and future possibilities. Though including sufficient methodological detail to be of value to imaging researchers, the emphasis throughout is on providing information of value to clinicians. Written and edited by leaders in schizophrenia research, this book details what structural and functional brain imaging studies have already established about schizophrenia and what developments are likely in the foreseeable future.

Neuroimaging in Schizophrenia

Neuroimaging in Schizophrenia PDF

Author: Marek Kubicki

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-02-18

Total Pages: 432

ISBN-13: 3030352064

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This comprehensive book explains the importance of imaging techniques in exploring and understanding the role of brain abnormalities in schizophrenia. The findings obtained using individual imaging modalities and their biological interpretation are reviewed in detail, and updates are provided on methodology, testable hypotheses, limitations, and new directions for research. The coverage also includes important recent applications of neuroimaging to schizophrenia, for example in relation to non-pharmacological interventions, brain development, genetics, and prediction of treatment response and outcome. Written by world renowned experts in the field, the book will be invaluable to all who wish to learn about the newest and most important developments in neuroimaging research in schizophrenia, how these developments relate to the last 30 years of research, and how they can be leveraged to bring us closer to a cure for this devastating disorder. Neuroimaging in Schizophrenia will assist clinicians in navigating what is an extremely complex field and will be a source of insight and stimulation for researchers.

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