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Human Paleoneurology

Author: Emiliano Bruner

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-07-21

Total Pages: 255

ISBN-13: 331908500X

The book presents an integrative review of paleoneurology, the study of endocranial morphology in fossil species. The main focus is on showing how computed methods can be used to support advances in evolutionary neuroanatomy, paleoanthropology and archaeology and how they have contributed to creating a completely new perspective in cognitive neuroscience. Moreover, thanks to its multidisciplinary approach, the book addresses students and researchers approaching human paleoneurology from different angles and for different purposes, such as biologists, physicians, anthropologists, archaeologists and computer scientists. The individual chapters, written by international experts, represent authoritative reviews of the most important topics in the field. All the concepts are presented in an easy-to-understand style, making them accessible to university students, newcomers and also to anyone interested in understanding how methods like biomedical imaging, digital anatomy and computed and multivariate morphometrics can be used for analyzing ontogenetic and phylogenetic changes according to the principles of functional morphology, morphological integration and modularity.

Paleoneurology 1804–1966

Author: T. Edinger

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 257

ISBN-13: 3642660290

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Dr. Tilly Edinger's first published paper dealt with a brain cast-in more exact terms an endocast of the cranial cavity-of Noth08auru8, a Triassic relative of the plesiosaurs. With this she embarked on a working lifetime of devotion to paleoneurology, a field of study that she was to transform. A daughter of the famous neurologist Ludwig Edinger, it was appropriate as well as fortunate that her early interest in fossil vertebrates should have become focused upon the recovery of such information concerning the history of the central nervous system as could be obtained from fossil material. Her father evidently had no direct influence upon her choice of· this then obscure and difficult subject, although within the family circle she presumably absorbed from him some appreciation of neoneurology. Indirectly, however, through his accumulation in Frankfurt of an outstanding collection of recent brains, he provided the comparative material essential to her studies during the years she spent there. Early in her career she published Die FOBsilen Gehirne (1929). Here was gathered together for the first time nearly all the widely scattered information on the topic. It had an immediate effect. As one author justly remarked, this "invaluable review . . . serves not only as a basis for continuing and systematizing research on brain casts but also as an indication of the more serious gaps in present knowledge" (Simpson, 1933). The bibliography appended to it listed 250 titles. A bibliography she published in 1937 included 160 additional titles.

The Human Fossil Record, Brain Endocasts--The Paleoneurological Evidence

Author: Jeffrey H. Schwartz

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 364

ISBN-13: 9780471418238

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The Human Fossil Record Volume one Terminology and Craniodental Morphology of Genus Homo (Europe) Jeffrey H. Schwartz Ian Tattersall The Human Fossil Record series is the most authoritative and comprehensive documentation of the fossil evidence relevant to the study of our evolutionary past. This first volume covers the craniodental remains from Europe that have been attributed to the genus Homo. Here the authors also clearly define the terminology and descriptive protocol that is applied uniformly throughout the series. Organized alphabetically by site name, each entry includes clear descriptions and original, expertly taken photographs, as well as: Morphology Location information History of discovery Previous systematic assessments of the fossils Geological, archaeological, and faunal contexts Dating References to the primary literature The Human Fossil Record series is truly a must-have reference for anyone seriously interested in the study of human evolution.

The Evolutionary Roots of Human Brain Diseases

Author: Nico J. Diederich

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2024

Total Pages: 577

ISBN-13: 0197676596

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"Traditionally, studies and textbooks in Neurology or Psychiatry, as well as allied disciplines, deal with proximate causes of diseases and therapies, but remain mute or minimally interested in their ultimate causes including the phylogeny and adaptive significance of disease manifestations. Yet, as clinicians or basic researchers, we are conscious of potential evolutionary roots of neurological and psychiatric symptoms, often offering a rudimentary explanation but never delving deeply into the current role of evolutionary science as it relates to health and disease. We may miss appreciation of the role of adaptive properties, evolutionarily based neuronal circuitries, unbalanced cellular energy demands, and the potential health consequences of residual syndromic behaviors that were possibly useful in early times of human development, but presently are obsolete and pathological. The problem is amplified, because there is often no interdisciplinary dialogue between anthropology and evolutionary biology on one side and clinical sciences on the other side. However, the evolutionary tracing back of disease pathways may disclose unexpected insights and trigger the design of innovative research as well as propel the development of new therapeutic interventions. There could also be a better apprehension of compensatory behaviors, both at the cellular level as well as the systemic the behavioural levels, that could be the expected fruits of such collaborations. So far scientists fall short in modeling the complexity of human (social) life, human language, or manual dexterity, and mental or emotional behaviors that typify human neurological or psychological function and dysfunction. Finally, there remain obstacles in the form of poor animal modeling for human brain diseases and for human longevity. The present book aims to fill these gaps by presenting an evolutionary view of neurological and psychiatric conditions that is meant to complement and enrich existing medical perspectives"--

Paleoneurology

Author: Veronika Ivanovna Kochetkova

Publisher: Hodder Education

Published: 1978

Total Pages: 360

ISBN-13:

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Updating Neanderthals

Author: Francesca Romagnoli

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2022-06-28

Total Pages: 384

ISBN-13: 0128214295

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Updating Neanderthals: Understanding Behavioral Complexity in the Late Middle Paleolithic provides comprehensive knowledge on Neanderthals who lived throughout the European and Asian continents. The book synthesizes historical information about the study of Middle Paleolithic populations and presents current debates about their genetics, subsistence, technology, social and cognitive behaviors. It focuses on the last phase of Neanderthal settlements and presents the main patterns of modern humans across Europe. Written by international experts on the Middle Paleolithic who have conducted innovative studies in the last three decades, this book explores the implications of interactions between different human species, including Neanderthals, Denisovans and Sapiens. In addition, the book discusses the diversity and variability of human adaptations and behaviors in the changing climate and environment of the Late Pleistocene, and the relationship between these behaviors, demography and cognitive capabilities. Offers a comprehensive update on the variability and diversity of Neanderthal behaviors during the Late Pleistocene Presents an interdisciplinary reconstruction of Neanderthals by assessing archaeology, paleontology, paleoecology, anthropology, genetics and cognition Reviews the reliability of archaeological data and the theoretical and methodological advances of the last 30 years Discusses the most debated Neanderthal themes, such as demography, diet, socio-economy and art

Evolution of Nervous Systems

Author: Georg F. Striedter

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2016-11-23

Total Pages: 2064

ISBN-13: 0128040963

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Evolution of Nervous Systems, Second Edition, Four Volume Set is a unique, major reference which offers the gold standard for those interested both in evolution and nervous systems. All biology only makes sense when seen in the light of evolution, and this is especially true for the nervous system. All animals have nervous systems that mediate their behaviors, many of them species specific, yet these nervous systems all evolved from the simple nervous system of a common ancestor. To understand these nervous systems, we need to know how they vary and how this variation emerged in evolution. In the first edition of this important reference work, over 100 distinguished neuroscientists assembled the current state-of-the-art knowledge on how nervous systems have evolved throughout the animal kingdom. This second edition remains rich in detail and broad in scope, outlining the changes in brain and nervous system organization that occurred from the first invertebrates and vertebrates, to present day fishes, reptiles, birds, mammals, and especially primates, including humans. The book also includes wholly new content, fully updating the chapters in the previous edition and offering brand new content on current developments in the field. Each of the volumes has been carefully restructured to offer expanded coverage of non-mammalian taxa, mammals, primates, and the human nervous system. The basic principles of brain evolution are discussed, as are mechanisms of change. The reader can select from chapters on highly specific topics or those that provide an overview of current thinking and approaches, making this an indispensable work for students and researchers alike. Presents a broad range of topics, ranging from genetic control of development in invertebrates, to human cognition, offering a one-stop resource for the evolution of nervous systems throughout the animal kingdom Incorporates the expertise of over 100 outstanding investigators who provide their conclusions in the context of the latest experimental results Presents areas of disagreement and consensus views that provide a holistic view of the subjects under discussion