Author: Edward J. Drea
Publisher: United States Department of Defense
Published: 2011
Total Pages: 752
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Volumes 1-5 have series title: History of the Office of the Secretary of Defense.
Author: Office of the Secretary of Defense
Publisher: Independently Published
Published: 2021-01-15
Total Pages: 712
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →McNamara, Clifford and the Burdens of Vietnam, 1965-1969, volume VI in the newly named Secretaries of Defense Historical Series, covers the incumbency of Robert S. McNamara, as well as the brief, but significant, tenure of Clark M. Clifford. McNamara's key role in the ever-deepening U.S. involvement in Vietnam between 1965 and 1968 forms the centerpiece of the narrative. During these years, Vietnam touched every aspect of Lyndon B. Johnson's administration, determining budget priorities, provoking domestic unrest, souring relations with NATO, and complicating negotiations with the Soviet Union.McNamara's early miscalculations about Vietnam became the source of deep disappointments. Relations with the Joint Chiefs of Staff, never good, frayed almost to the breaking point as McNamara repeatedly rejected military advice in favor of his civilian experts. McNamara's carefully crafted plans failed, his frustrations grew, and he became estranged from the President. His private attempts to check the war's momentum contradicted his public statements supporting the military effort and tarred McNamara as a hypocrite. McNamara's successor, Clark Clifford, arrived with a reputation as a hawk, but focused most of his effort on extricating the United States from Vietnam.McNamara and Clifford presided over the Department of Defense during momentous and dangerous times. Vietnam was one of a series of wars, emergencies, and interventions involving U.S. interests. Intervention in the Dominican Republic, declining U.S. prestige and power in Europe and NATO, war in the Middle East, heightened tensions on the Korean peninsula, arms control talks with the Soviet Union, and violent protests at home competed for attention. Overseeing the Vietnam War and contending with these complex policy issues taxed even McNamara's enormous energy and brilliant intellect as he struggled to manage DoD programs. His long-cherished cost-cutting programs fell by the wayside; his favored weapons systems were swept aside; his committed efforts to limit strategic arms faltered; and his reputation was permanently tarnished.McNamara, Clifford and the Burdens of Vietnam highlights the interaction of McNamara and Clifford with the White House, Congress, the JCS, the State Department, and other federal agencies involved in policy formulation. The two secretaries attempted to impose order while fighting a war whose cost of winning became as morally prohibitive as the price of losing.
Author: Department of Defense
Publisher:
Published: 2018-03-05
Total Pages: 713
ISBN-13: 9781980478072
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →This is the sixth volume in the history of the Office of the Secretary of Defense. It covers the last four years of the Lyndon Johnson administration--March 1965-January 1969, which were dominated by the Vietnam conflict. The escalating war tested Robert McNamara''s reforms and abilities and shaped every aspect of Defense Department planning, programming, and budgeting. The demands posed by Vietnam weakened U.S. conventional forces for Europe, forced political compromises on budget formulation and weapons development, fueled an inflationary spiral, and ultimately led to McNamara''s resignation. The credibility gap grew, dissipating public confidence in government and left the Johnson administration to confront massive civil disobedience and domestic rioting--much of it directed against the Pentagon. Vietnam also eclipsed major crises in the Dominican Republic, the Middle East, Korea, and Czechoslovakia. McNamara''s successor, Clark Clifford, operating under President Johnson''s new guidelines, spent much of his 11-month tenure as secretary attempting to disengage the United States from the Vietnam fighting.Vietnam held center stage and frustrated McNamara''s plans to reduce Defense budgets or downsize the military services and soured the secretary''s workings with Congress. It cast a long shadow over U.S.-Soviet relations, alienated to a greater or lesser degree the NATO allies, and eroded congressional support for defense programs as well as military assistance. For the foreseeable future, it remains an emotionally charged issue that challenges Americans'' views of themselves. Yet throughout these four years OSD still had to deal with a wide range of policy matters, international instability, and other contingencies. Beginning in the spring of 1965 with the intervention in the Dominican Republic and ending in late 1968 with the release of U.S. Navy crewmen held captive by the North Koreans, McNamara and Clifford handled a series of international crises and threats, defusing some, making the best of others. The final four years also witnessed extensive and repeated contacts between Washington and Moscow on matters of mutual interest such as nuclear proliferation, arms control, and a Middle East settlement. Dramatic changes in the composition and strategy of NATO''s military alliance tested the durability of U.S. and European commitment. War between superpower surrogates in the Middle East threatened to expand from a regional conflict to a global one. The role that McNamara and Clifford played in often neglected subtexts of the period provides readers with a wider perspective in which to place Vietnam and to appreciate the ramifications of the war on national security policy.Movers and Shakers * DoD''s Senior Leadership * Civilian-Military Divide * Commander in Chief * National Security Policymaking Apparatus * Mastering Pentagon * II. Vietnam: Escalation Without Mobilization * Pondering Escalation * Hidden Escalation * More Troops, More Money * Enemy Dictates Course of Action * McNamara''s 180-Degree Turn * Conflicting Assessments * President''s Decision * III. Air War Against North Vietnam, 1965-1966 * Targeting North Vietnam * Rolling Thunder * Working Toward an Extended Bombing Pause * Resuming Rolling Thunder * POL Debate * Rolling Thunder: Indecision, Discord, and Escalation * IV. Paying for a War: Budgets, Supplements, and Estimates, 1965-1967 * FY 1966 Defense Budget * 1965 Supplemental * August Supplemental Amendment to 1966 Budget * FY 1966 Supplemental * FY 1967 Defense Budget * Vietnam Spending and Economy * V. Vietnam: Escalating a Ground War, July 1965-July 1967 * Planning a Ground War * Hard Choices * Cost-Effective Deployments * Barrier Concept * More Troops, More Questions * Search for a Winning Formula * VI. More Than Expected: * Supplementals and Budgets, 1966-1968 * Enacting FY1966 Supplemental * FY 1967 Defense Budget * Need for a FY 1967 Supplemental Budget * Price of Escalation * Enacting FY1967 Supplemental
Author: Chiang H. Ren
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Published: 2018-06-27
Total Pages: 246
ISBN-13: 1351708627
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The Fundamentals of Developing Operational Solutions for the Government guides professionals on how to use operations research to solve problems and capture opportunities for government customers. The governments of modern democratic nations manage large complex societal operations to offer national defense, social services, infrastructure sustainment, law enforcement, monetary control, and other benefits for their citizens. The United States government alone spends over $1 trillion per year on these discretionary activities. Within all the spending, deliveries, and oversight, some operational needs require solutions to improve processes, architectures, technologies, and human factors. Without such effective and comprehensive solutions, the most eloquent proposal for government work could end in defeat and the most well-funded government programs could yield operational disruptions and performance failures. There are many books on how to write winning proposals to the government, but this book places winning in the context of deeply understanding government operations and innovatively solving government problems. There are also some books on convincing the government to adopt new transformational processes, but this book seeks to first try to fix current government processes before demanding risky transformation. Finally, there are massive tomes dedicated to the theories and mathematical models of operations research, but this book is devoted to making operations research simple enough for professionals to apply throughout the course of developing proposals and delivering products and services. Presenting the methods and techniques for quickly developing solutions is thus the central focus.
Author: Leo J. Daugherty III
Publisher: McFarland
Published: 2018-01-25
Total Pages: 474
ISBN-13: 0786462736
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Volume 2 continues the history of the U.S. Marine Corps' involvement in "small wars" after World War II, beginning with advisory efforts with the Netherlands Marine Korps (1943-1946). The authors describe counterinsurgency efforts during the Korean War (1950-1953), the development of vertical assault tactics in the late 1940s, 1950s and 1960s, counterinsurgency in Southeast Asia (1962-1975), involvement in Central America (1983-1989), and present-day conflicts, including the War on Terror and operations in Iraq and Libya.