Strengthening Domestic Resource Mobilization

Strengthening Domestic Resource Mobilization PDF

Author: Raul Felix Junquera-Varela

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2017-06-29

Total Pages: 228

ISBN-13: 1464810745

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Public spending plays a key role in the economic growth and development of most developing economies. This book analyzes revenues, policy, and administration of Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM) in developing countries. It provides a broad landscape of practical examples, drawing from lessons learned in World Bank operations across Global Practices over the past several decades. It should be thought of as a starting point for a more comprehensive research agenda rather than a complete inventory itself. This book reviews the trends in tax revenue collection in developing countries. It provides an overview of efforts to close the revenue gap, many of which have been supported by World Bank operations. The book reviews the special challenges facing low income countries, which have traditionally relied on indirect revenues in the context of limited formalization of their economies. An overview of tax policy and administration reform programs is presented, with an overview of outstanding issues that will shape the policy agenda in years ahead.

The Implementation and Effectiveness of International Environmental Commitments

The Implementation and Effectiveness of International Environmental Commitments PDF

Author: David G. Victor

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 766

ISBN-13: 9780262720281

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Because environmental problems do not respect borders, their solutions often require international cooperation and agreements. The contributors to this book examine how international environmental agreements are put into practice. Their main concern is effectiveness -- the degree to which such agreements lead to changes in behavior that help to solve environmental problems. Their focus is on implementation -- the process that turns commitments into action, at both domestic and international levels. Implementation is the key to effectiveness because these agreements aim to constrain not just governments but a wide array of actors, including individuals, firms, and agencies whose behavior does not change simply because governments have made international commitments. The book is divided into two parts. Part I looks at international systems for implementation review, through which parties share information, review performance, handle noncompliance, and adjust commitments. Part II looks at implementation at the national level, with particular attention to participation by governmental and nongovernmental actors and to problems in states with economies in transition. The book includes fourteen case studies that cover eight major areas of international environmental regulation: conservation and preservation of fauna and flora, stratospheric ozone depletion, pollution in the Baltic Sea, pollution in the North Sea, trade in hazardous chemicals and pesticides, air pollution in Europe, whaling, and marine dumping of nuclear waste. ContributorsSteinar Andresen, Juan Carlos di Primio, Owen Greene, Ronnie Hjorth, Vladimir Kotov, John Lanchbery, Elena Nikitina, Kal Raustiala, Alexei Roginko, Jon Birger Skj�rseth, Eugene B. Skolnikoff, Olav Schram Stokke, David G. Victor, J�rgen Wettestad.Copublished with theInternational Institute for Applied Systems Analysis

Ending Global Poverty

Ending Global Poverty PDF

Author: Constantine Michalopoulos

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2020-04-06

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 0192590480

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Ending poverty continues to be a major challenge for the global community. It is as relevant today as it was two decades ago, when four women rose to prominent positions as ministers in charge of international development in their governments. Ending Global Poverty: Four Women's Noble Conspiracy tells the story of Eveline Herfkens from the Netherlands, Hilde F. Johnson from Norway, Clare Short from the United Kingdom, and Heidemarie Wieczorek-Zeul from Germany who joined forces to challenge the establishment policies of international institutions. Named for the Norwegian Abbey where the formalized their collaboration in 1999, the so-called Utstein Four embarked on a 'conspiracy of implementation', using foreign aid as a tool to end global poverty, rather than pursue narrow political or commercial interests. They helped achieve primary education for women, used developing countries' debt relief to lift individuals out of poverty, and put development partners in charge of setting priorities and implementing programs of assistance. Their story of female empowerment and the importance of working together is a crucial lesson, and Ending Global Poverty focuses on the implications of this for today's development practices, including the struggle to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. The Utstein Four's collaboration lasted for only about half a dozen years but their influence continues to be felt. Much has been achieved but some lessons have been forgotten and large challenges remain. Ending Global Poverty: Four Women's Nobel Conspiracy considers the lasting legacy of the Utstein group and the lessons that their experience offers to a new generation of leaders as they work to eradicate global poverty and achieve sustainable development.

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