Heidegger and the Problem of Phenomena

Heidegger and the Problem of Phenomena PDF

Author: Fredrik Westerlund

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2020-02-20

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13: 1350086487

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This book offers a broad critical study of Heidegger's lifelong effort to come to terms with the problem of phenomena and the nature of phenomenology: How do we experience beings as meaningful phenomena? What does it mean to phenomenologically describe and explicate our experience of phenomena? The book is a chronological investigation of how Heidegger's struggle with the problem of phenomena unfolds during the main stages of his philosophical development: from the early Freiburg lecture courses 1919-1923, over the Marburg-period and the publication of Being and Time in 1927, up to his later thinking stretching from the 1930s to the early 1970s. A central theme of the book is the tension between, on the one hand, Heidegger's effort to elaborate Husserl's phenomenological approach by applying it to our pre-theoretical experience of existentially charged phenomena, and, on the other hand, his drive towards a radically historicist form of thinking. Heidegger's main critical engagements with Husserl are examined and assessed along the way. Besides offering a new comprehensive interpretation of Heidegger's philosophical development, the book critically examines the philosophical power and problems of Heidegger's successive attempts to account for the structure of phenomena and the possibility of phenomenology. In particular, it develops a critique of Heidegger's radical historicism, arguing that it ultimately makes Heidegger unable to account either for the truth of our understanding or for the ethical-existential significance of other persons. The book also contains a chapter which probes the philosophical commitments that motivate Heidegger's political engagement in National Socialism.

Heidegger Explained

Heidegger Explained PDF

Author: Graham Harman

Publisher: Open Court

Published: 2011-04-15

Total Pages: 192

ISBN-13: 0812697480

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Heidegger Explained is a clear and thorough summary of the philosophy of Martin Heidegger (1889–1976). It gives a fascinating explanation of all stages of Heidegger’s life and career, and shows his entire philosophy to emerge from one simple but profound insight. Many philosophers believe that Heidegger was the greatest philosopher of the twentieth century. His influence has long been felt not just in philosophy, but also in such fields as art, architecture, and literary studies. Yet the great difficulty of Heidegger’s terminology has often scared away interested readers lacking an academic background in philosophy. Author Graham Harman shows that Heidegger is actually one of the simplest and clearest of thinkers. All the diverse topics of his writings, and all the lengthy analyses he gives of past philosophers, boil down to a single powerful idea: being is not presence. In any human relation with the world, our thinking and even our acting do not fully exhaust the world. Something more always withdraws from our grasp. Neither being itself nor individual beings are ever fully “present-at-hand,” in Heidegger’s terminology. This single insight allows Heidegger to revolutionize the phenomenology of his teacher Edmund Husserl. The method of Husserl was to focus entirely on how things present themselves to us as phenomena in consciousness. Heidegger understood that the things are always partly hidden from consciousness, living a secret life of their own. Human beings are not lucid scientific observers staring at the world and describing it, but instead are thrown into a world where light is always mixed with shadow. For Heidegger, the entire history of philosophy has reduced being to some sort of presence, whether by defining it as atoms, consciousness, perfect forms, the will to power, or even God. In this way, past philosophers have all chosen one specific kind of privileged being to represent being itself. Yet this is impossible, since being always partly withdraws from any attempt to define it. For this reason, philosophy needs to make a new beginning, one that would be just as great as the first beginning in ancient Greece. The book ends by shedding new light on Heidegger’s concept of the fourfold, which is so notoriously difficult that most commentators avoid it altogether.

Being and Time

Being and Time PDF

Author: Martin Heidegger

Publisher: Newcomb Livraria Press

Published: 1962

Total Pages: 624

ISBN-13: 3989882902

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A new 2024 translation of Martin Heidegger's major work "Being and Time" (Sein und Zeit), originally published in 1927 in multiple publications. This edition contains a new afterword by the Translator, a timeline of Heidegger's life and works, a philosophic index of core Heideggerian concepts and a guide for terminology across 19th and 20th century Existentialists. This translation is designed for readability and accessibility to Heidegger's enigmatic and dense philosophy. Complex and specific philosophic terms are translated as literally as possible and academic footnotes have been removed to ensure easy reading. Being and Time presents a complex philosophical discourse on the nature of being (Sein) and time (Zeit), focusing in particular on the temporal-existentialist concept of Dasein, a term that combines the German words for "to be" (sein) and "there" (da). This classic philosophic work examines the traditional metaphysical understanding of being, arguing that this understanding, typically based on the idea of a constant presence, fails to account for the temporal and existential dimensions of being. Heidegger proposes that an understanding of being requires an analysis of Dasein, which is characterized not only by its existence, but also by its being in the world and its temporal existence. The concept of Dasein is central to the his argument, emphasizing that Dasein is always already situated in a world, and its understanding of being is shaped by its temporal existence. This perspective challenges traditional metaphysical notions of being as static and unchanging, proposing instead that being is fundamentally temporal and connected to human existence and understanding. As the title suggests, Heidegger sees the question of Being as indistinguishable from Time, arguing that Newtonian conceptions of time as a series of now-points are inadequate for understanding the being of Dasein. His Ontochronology argues that the existential and ontological analysis of Dasein reveals a more fundamental concept of time, one that is integral to the structure of Being itself. The text further elaborates on the idea of "thrownness" and several other existentialist themes. Thrownness is one of the three conditions that signifies Dasein's immersion in the world, where it finds itself already entangled in a web of relations and meanings. This "thrownness", combined with Dasein's inherent being-toward-death, underscores the existential condition of human beings, framing their existence as a continual engagement with their own finitude and the possibilities of their being. Heidegger posits that understanding the nature of being requires a fundamental rethinking of both being and time, dogmatically stating that the true nature of being can only be grasped through an understanding of the temporality that characterizes the existence of being.

The Phenomenon of Mental Disorder

The Phenomenon of Mental Disorder PDF

Author: Petr Kouba

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-11-18

Total Pages: 222

ISBN-13: 3319103237

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This book provides a critical introduction to Heidegger’s impact on psychiatry and psychology, and has a focus on the application of his philosophy to psychiatry. This is a complete revision of Heidegger’s existential philosophy in the light of psychopathological phenomena. Readers will find here a philosophical inquiry into the problem of mental disorder, which shows Heidegger’s own philosophy in a new light, uncovering both its strengths and its weak points. The author maps not only Heidegger’s interaction with psychiatric thought, as depicted in his Zollikon Seminars, but also his influence on Swiss phenomenological psychiatry. The work treats Heidegger in a critical way, taking the phenomenon of mental disorder as a touchstone on which Heidegger’s thought is tested. The results of such a critical examination are important, not only for a better understanding of psychopathological phenomena, but also for a new understanding of Heidegger’s approach to human existence. This work treats the phenomenon of mental disorder as a philosophical problem that reflects the ontological character of human existence. Heidegger’s approach to mental disorder is confronted with the conceptions of Foucault, Deleuze and Guattari in a novel way. The book is more than just an historical overview as it highlights the limits of phenomenological thought in the area of psychiatry and it shows a possible way of moving beyond them. This is a philosophical work with an interdisciplinary range. Scholars of philosophy and those in the growing field of philosophy of psychiatry, as well as those with an interest in Heidegger Studies will be particularly interested in this work.

Basic Problems of Phenomenology

Basic Problems of Phenomenology PDF

Author: Martin Heidegger

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing PLC

Published: 2013-02-07

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13:

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The first English translation of one of Martin Heidegger's key lecture courses, in which he attempts to clarify the concept of phenomenology.

Being and Time

Being and Time PDF

Author: Martin Heidegger

Publisher: SUNY Press

Published: 1996-01-01

Total Pages: 520

ISBN-13: 9780791426777

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A new, definitive translation of Heidegger's most important work.

The Fate of Phenomenology

The Fate of Phenomenology PDF

Author: William McNeill

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2020-07-17

Total Pages: 168

ISBN-13: 1786608928

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It can be easily argued that the radical nature and challenge of Heidegger’s thinking is grounded in his early embrace of the phenomenological method as providing an access to concrete lived experience (or “factical life,” as he called it) beyond the imposition of theoretical constructs such as “subject” and “object,” “mind” and “body.” Yet shortly after the publication of his groundbreaking work Being and Time, Heidegger appeared to abandon phenomenology as the method of philosophy. Why? Heidegger was conspicuously quiet on this issue. Here, William McNeill examines the question of the fate of phenomenology in Heidegger’s thinking and its transformation into a “thinking of Being” that regards its task as that of “letting be.” The relation between phenomenology and “letting be,” McNeill argues, is by no means a straightforward one. It poses the question of whether, and to what extent, Heidegger’s thought of his middle and late periods still needs phenomenology in order to accomplish its task—and if so, what kind of phenomenology. What becomes of phenomenology in the course of Heidegger’s thinking?

The Basic Problems of Phenomenology

The Basic Problems of Phenomenology PDF

Author: Martin Heidegger

Publisher: Newcomb Livraria Press

Published:

Total Pages: 605

ISBN-13:

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A new 2024 translation of Martin Heidegger's early work "The Basic Problems of Phenomenology" (original German "Die Grundprobleme der Phänomenologie"), originally published in 1926. This edition contains a new afterword by the Translator, a timeline of Heidegger's life and works, a philosophic index of core Heideggerian concepts and a guide for terminology across 19th and 20th century Existentialists. This translation is designed for readability and accessibility to Heidegger's enigmatic and dense philosophy. Complex and specific philosophic terms are translated as literally as possible and academic footnotes have been removed to ensure easy reading. In this lecture, which focuses on the central theme of the third section of Part I of "Being and Time," Martin Heidegger explores the fundamental ontological question of the meaning of being. He emphasizes the role of "time" as the horizon that shapes our understanding of being. This exploration of the "temporality of being" is presented in a historically oriented approach, indicating that Heidegger's inquiry into the question of being is rooted in the broader tradition of metaphysical-ontological questioning rather than existential-philosophical or consciousness-phenomenological motives. While the lecture covers only the first part and the first chapter of the second part of the original plan, it provides insights into the unelaborated aspects of Heidegger's thought. The most significant chapter for discussing "Time and Being" is undoubtedly the first chapter of the second part, where the concept of the "ontological difference" is introduced for the first time, marking a pivotal moment in Heidegger's philosophical development. Integral to this philosophical exploration is the concept of ontology, which is presented as the backbone of phenomenological study. The paper rigorously analyzes the ontological dimensions and positions them as central to the understanding of phenomenology. This ontological focus is not limited to a narrow interpretation, but encompasses various facets, including the relationship between being and existence, the distinction between different modes of being, and the critical examination of traditional ontological theses. The complexity of the paper's discourse is evident in its treatment of phenomenology not as a mere philosophical subset, but as a methodological approach that encompasses the entire spectrum of scientific philosophy. This comprehensive approach extends to the evaluation of phenomenology's methodological aspects, where the paper examines phenomenology's triple methodological character, comprising reduction, construction, and destruction. This tripartite methodology underscores the depth and breadth of phenomenological inquiry and reaffirms its position as a fundamental tool in philosophical research.

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