Free Speech after 9/11

Free Speech after 9/11 PDF

Author: Katharine Gelber

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2016-04-14

Total Pages: 200

ISBN-13: 0191083429

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Although there has been a lot written about how counter-terrorism laws impact on human rights and civil liberties, most of this work has focussed on the most obvious or egregious kinds of human rights abrogation, such as extended detention, torture, and extraordinary rendition. Far less has been written about the complex ways in which Western governments have placed new and far-reaching limitations on freedom of speech in this context since 9/11. This book compares three liberal democracies - the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia, in particular showing the commonalities and similarities in what has occurred in each country, and the changes in the appropriate parameters of freedom of speech in the counter-terrorism context since 9/11, achieved both in policy change and the justification for that change. In all three countries much speech has been criminalized in ways that were considered anachronistic, or inappropriate, in comparable policy areas prior to 9/11. This is particularly interesting because other works have suggested that the United States' unique protection of freedom of speech in the First Amendment has prevented speech being limited in that country in ways that have been pursued in others. This book shows that this kind of argument misses the detail of the policy change that has occurred, and privileges a textual reading over a more comprehensive policy-based understanding of the changes that have occurred. The author argues that we are now living a new-normal for freedom of speech, within which restrictions on speech that once would have been considered aberrant, overreaching, and impermissible are now considered ordinary, necessary, and justified as long as they occur in the counter-terrorism context. This change is persistent, and it has far reaching implications for the future of this foundational freedom.

The UK and European Human Rights

The UK and European Human Rights PDF

Author: Katja S Ziegler

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2015-10-22

Total Pages: 480

ISBN-13: 1509902007

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The UK's engagement with the legal protection of human rights at a European level has been, at varying stages, pioneering, sceptical and antagonistic. The UK government, media and public opinion have all at times expressed concerns about the growing influence of European human rights law, particularly in the controversial contexts of prisoner voting and deportation of suspected terrorists as well as in the context of British military action abroad. British politicians and judges have also, however, played important roles in drafting, implementing and interpreting the European Convention on Human Rights. Its incorporation into domestic law in the Human Rights Act 1998 intensified the ongoing debate about the UK's international and regional human rights commitments. Furthermore, the increasing importance of the European Union in the human rights sphere has added another layer to the relationship and highlights the complex relationship(s) between the UK government, the Westminster Parliament and judges in the UK, Strasbourg and Luxembourg. The book analyses the topical and contentious issue of the relationship between the UK and the European systems for the protection of human rights (ECHR and EU) from doctrinal, contextual and comparative perspectives and explores factors that influence the relationship of the UK and European human rights.

Parliaments and Human Rights

Parliaments and Human Rights PDF

Author: Murray Hunt

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2015-04-30

Total Pages: 735

ISBN-13: 1782254382

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In many countries today there is a growing and genuinely-held concern that the institutional arrangements for the protection of human rights suffer from a 'democratic deficit'. Yet at the same time there appears to be a new consensus that human rights require legal protection and that all branches of the state have a shared responsibility for upholding and realising those legally protected rights. This volume of essays tries to understand this paradox by considering how parliaments have sought to discharge their responsibility to protect human rights. Contributors seek to take stock of the extent to which national and sub-national parliaments have developed legislative review for human rights compatibility, and the effect of international initiatives to increase the role of parliaments in relation to human rights. They also consider the relationship between legislative review and judicial review for human rights compatibility, and whether courts could do more to incentivise better democratic deliberation about human rights. Enhancing the role of parliaments in the protection and realisation of human rights emerges as an idea whose time has come, but the volume makes clear that there is a great deal more to do in all parliaments to develop the institutional structures, processes and mechanisms necessary to put human rights at the centre of their function of making law and holding the government to account. The sense of democratic deficit is unlikely to dissipate unless parliaments empower themselves by exercising the considerable powers and responsibilities they already have to interpret and apply human rights law, and courts in turn pay closer attention to that reasoned consideration. 'I believe that this book will be of enormous value to all of those interested in human rights, in modern legislatures, and the relationship between the two. As this is absolutely fundamental to the characterand credibility of democracy, academic insight of this sort is especially welcome. This is an area where I expect there to be an ever expanding community of interest.' From the Foreword by the Rt Hon John Bercow MP, Speaker of the House of Commons

HL 189, HC 1293 - Legislative Scrutiny: (1) Criminal Justice and Courts Bill and (2) Deregulation Bill

HL 189, HC 1293 - Legislative Scrutiny: (1) Criminal Justice and Courts Bill and (2) Deregulation Bill PDF

Author: Great Britain: Parliament: Joint Committee on Human Rights

Publisher: The Stationery Office

Published: 2014-06-11

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13: 0108554589

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The Joint Committee on Human Rights welcomes the provision in the Criminal Courts and Justice Bill, carried over from the last Session of this Parliament, which extends the current offence of possession of extreme pornography to include possession of pornographic images depicting rape and other non-consensual sexual penetration. The Committee considers this provision to be human rights enhancing, given the evidence of cultural harm done by such pornography, and acknowledges the strong justification provided for this proportionate restriction on individual rights. However, some of the provisions of the Bill cause concern. The Committee is disappointed that the Government has not examined the provisions of the Bill against all the relevant international standards relating to the rights of children. It urges the Government to provide further information in relation to SEN provision in secure colleges; and recommends that the Bill be amended to make explicit that secure college rules can only authorise the use of reasonable force on children as a last resort. The Committee also reports on the Deregulation Bill. It expresses its concern that application of the economic growth duty in that Bill to the Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC) risks the possibility of that body's UN accredited 'A' status being downgraded and could put the UK in breach of its obligations under EU equality law. It recommends that this duty not be applied to the EHRC unless that body is satisfied that it can be done in a way that will not restrict its independence.

HL 49, HC 746 - Legislative Scrutiny: (1) Serious Crime Bill, (2) Criminal Justice and Courts Bill (Second Report) and (3) Armed Forces (Service Complaints and Financial Assistance Bill

HL 49, HC 746 - Legislative Scrutiny: (1) Serious Crime Bill, (2) Criminal Justice and Courts Bill (Second Report) and (3) Armed Forces (Service Complaints and Financial Assistance Bill PDF

Author: The Stationery Office

Publisher: The Stationery Office

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 64

ISBN-13: 0108557278

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Recommends amendments to the Health and Social Care Bill to ensure that private (or voluntary) sector care homes which accommodate publicly-funded residents are brought within the scope of the Human Rights Act. House of Commons papers 303 2007-08.

Legislative scrutiny

Legislative scrutiny PDF

Author: Great Britain: Parliament: Joint Committee on Human Rights

Publisher: Stationery Office

Published: 2013-06-27

Total Pages: 88

ISBN-13: 9780108551093

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This legislative scrutiny report on the Children and Families Bill deals with issues to do with adoption and looked after children (Part 1 of the Bill), family justice (Part 2), Special Educational Needs (Part 3), the Children's Commissioner (Part 5) and statutory rights to shared parental leave and pay (Part 6). The Report also includes an analysis of two issues connected with the Energy Bill.

SUPER SECRETO - The Third Epoch of Cryptography

SUPER SECRETO - The Third Epoch of Cryptography PDF

Author: Theo Tenzer

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2022-01-07

Total Pages: 444

ISBN-13: 3755761173

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The global crisis of Privacy in the 21st century also includes discussions about the right to encryption and restrictions on so-called end-to-end encryption. In order to communicate confidentially and secure against eavesdropping, simple and practical encryption is required for everyone. But how can it be available to everyone? The magic of replacing legible characters with other apparently random and therefore illegible characters had been almost religious for centuries: only those initiated into the invention of a secret language could crack the messages. Encryption remained Super Secreto - Top Secret - Streng Geheim! In the age of smartphone and pocket computers, it is now available to everyone: ever more sophisticated math calculates the so-called cipher text with corresponding keys in our messengers. Both keys and encrypted text used to have to be transmitted to the recipient. In today's Epoch of Cryptography, the transmission of the keys is no longer necessary: The risky transport route for the keys can even be omitted! From the fascination of how Cryptography became abstinent in the transmission of keys - what effect it has on the desire of state agencies for secondary keys - and how multiple and exponential encryption makes resistant against the decryption-attempts of super-quantum-computers ... ... tells Theo Tenzer in this exciting political, technical and socially relevant innovation and science portrait on the Third Epoch of Cryptography.

Satow's Diplomatic Practice

Satow's Diplomatic Practice PDF

Author: Ivor Roberts

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 817

ISBN-13: 0198821956

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An indispensable guide for anyone working in or studying the field of diplomacy, this seventh, centenary edition of Satow's Diplomatic Practice provides a comprehensive overview and analysis of all areas of diplomacy and diplomatic practice.