International Labor Migration and Livelihood Security in Nepal

International Labor Migration and Livelihood Security in Nepal PDF

Author: Knerr, Beatrice

Publisher: kassel university press GmbH

Published: 2017-07-11

Total Pages: 274

ISBN-13: 3862199444

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As measured by its per-capita income, Nepal is one of the poorest countries in the world, with large parts of its population trapped in poverty within a stunning, but difficult to control natural environment. Under these conditions, since the wake of the 21st century, international labour migration and the associated remittances of large amounts of foreign exchange have rapidly gained influence on the country’s economic and social development, triggered by internal disturbances, in particular economic downturn and political upheavals, as well as external dynamics which boosted an uprising international demand for unskilled labour. While there is hardly any basic dissent about the short- to mid-term Positive growth effect for Nepal’s economy, surprisingly little is known about the consequences of this form of livelihood security at the individual household level, apart from some anecdotal evidence, although neither policy makers nor NGOs may effectively craft their strategies without considering this phenomenon. This book was developed from an Alumni Workshop held in Kathmandu in 2015, where, focusing on this knowledge gap, wide-ranging original research about the consequences of family members’ absence and the receipt of remittances was presented. Moving on from this starting point the authors further elaborated their work to make it accessible to a broader public, and exploitable as a resource for policy making and follow-up research. In addition, this volume includes detailed facts and figures about outmigration from and inflow of remittances to Nepal. With a view to long-term development implications of international migration it also considers the gain of knowledge and access to international academic networks brought into the country by returned scholars. The editor of the volume, Béatrice Knerr, is a professor of development economics, affiliated to the University of Kassel, Germany, where, until 2015, she was heading the Department of Development Economics, Migration and Agricultural Policy (DEMAP). Afterwards she has served as guest professor at the Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan (UADY) in Merida, Mexico, and at the College of Economics of Hue University, Vietnam. Presently she is on contract with the Brawijaya University of Malang, Indonesia, where she is joining research projects on rural development and teaching various modules in the Economics Faculty. As an expert in the implications of labour migration on the development of low- to middle-income countries she has published and edited around 30 books and 100 journal articles and book chapters.

Migrant Workers' Access to Justice at Home

Migrant Workers' Access to Justice at Home PDF

Author: Sarah Paoletti

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Nepal's citizens engage in foreign employment at the highest per capita rate of any other country in Asia, and their remittances account for 25 percent of the country's GDP. The Middle East is now the most popular destination for Nepalis -- nearly 700,000 were working in the Middle East in 2011 on temporary labor contracts. For some Nepalis, working abroad provides much-needed household wealth. For others, their contributions to Nepal come at great personal cost. Migrant workers in the Gulf, for example, routinely report wage theft, lack of time off and unsafe and unhealthy working conditions. Some migrant workers report psychological and physical abuse, and other forms of labor exploitation that may rise to the level of forced labor, debt bondage or other forms of trafficking. Women engaged in domestic work are often isolated in the home, where they may also endure emotional, physical and sexual abuse. The story of labor migration begins and ends at home. The conditions that give rise to labor trafficking are often set pre-departure in the recruitment phase itself. Between 2012 and 2014, researchers from Nepal, Australia and the United States conducted a study on migrant workers' access to justice in Nepal, including for exploitation and trafficking. Justice was defined to comprise both compensation for losses, and the holding of perpetrators accountable, for example through fines, licensing sanctions, or even imprisonment. The study found that overall access to justice in Nepal was extremely low, especially for migrant workers who have been survivors of labor trafficking. However, clear routes exist to improvement. The full results of the study, and related recommendations, are contained in the report Migrant Workers Access to Justice at Home: Nepal. This is the second study in a series providing a comprehensive analysis of migrant workers' access to justice at home; the first study, Migrant Workers Access to Justice at Home: Indonesia, was published October 2013.

Social Networks and Migration

Social Networks and Migration PDF

Author: Susan Thieme

Publisher: LIT Verlag Münster

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 280

ISBN-13: 9783825892463

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In Far West Nepal - an area extremely impoverished also by Nepalese standards - labour migration to India has been an integral part of the livelihood strategies of the majority of people for several generations. This research is based on case studies among male and female migrants in Delhi coming from four villages of Far West Nepal. The analysis focuses on selected aspects of the migrants' daily lives, such as working and living conditions, management of loans and savings, and remittance transfer. It was found, that the whole migration process is mainly facilitated by transnational kin and friendship networks. To grasp the geographical and social dimensions of the migrant's lives an integrative approach in joining the sustainable livelihoods approach, Bourdieu's theory of practice, the concept of social capital and the concept of transnational migration was developed. Further results show, that the majority of the migrants are male. The unskilled migrants occupy a distinct niche, in which men have been working as watchmen and car cleaners for generations. The job market is highly organized since jobs are handed over and sold within networks. If wives of migrants are in Delhi for longer periods, they engage in housekeeping. For financial needs migrants established their own informal savings and credit associations. Although migration is firstly seen as an opportunity by the migrants, it can as well perpetuate debt and dependency and entail that they remain migrants for their whole lives.

Multilayered Migration Governance

Multilayered Migration Governance PDF

Author: Rahel Kunz

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2011-03-03

Total Pages: 345

ISBN-13: 113680417X

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Examines the use of migration partnerships as a new tool in the political management of migration flows.

Handbook on Establishing Effective Labour Migration Policies in Countries of Origin and Destination

Handbook on Establishing Effective Labour Migration Policies in Countries of Origin and Destination PDF

Author: Nilim Baruah

Publisher: International Org. for Migration

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 268

ISBN-13:

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Aims to assist states in their efforts to develop new policy approaches, solutions and practical measures for better management of labour migration in countries of origin and of destination. Analyses effective policies and practices and draws on examples from OSCE participating States as well as other countries that have experience in this field.