Joseph II

Joseph II PDF

Author: Walter W. Davis

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 353

ISBN-13: 9401192413

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It has been said that never has a monarch so narrowly missed "greatness" as did the Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II. An idealistic, sincere, and hardworking monarch whose ultilitarian bent, humanitarian instincts, and ambitious programs of reform in every area of public concern have prompted historians to term him an "enlightened despot," "revolutionary Emperor," "philosopher on a throne," and a ruler ahead of his time, Joseph has also been condemned for being insensitive to the phobias and follies of his subjects, essentially unrealistic, almost utopian, in establishing his goals, and dogmatic and overly precipitous in trying to achieve them. Efforts to analyze and explain the actions of this complex and controversial personality have involved a number of savants in investigations of "Josephinism" (or as I prefer to call it, "Josephism"), dealing in great detail with the motiva tions, substance, and influence of his innovations. The roots of Josephism run deep, but can be observed emerging here and there from the intellectual and political soil that nourished them, before joining the central trunk of the system formulated during the latter years of Maria Theresa's reign to grow to an ephemeral and stunted maturity under Joseph II.

Geschichte der geistigen Kultur in Niederösterreich

Geschichte der geistigen Kultur in Niederösterreich PDF

Author: Anton Mayer

Publisher:

Published: 2017-05-24

Total Pages: 472

ISBN-13: 9783743374850

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Geschichte der geistigen Kultur in Niederösterreich ist ein unveränderter, hochwertiger Nachdruck der Originalausgabe aus dem Jahr 1878. Hansebooks ist Herausgeber von Literatur zu unterschiedlichen Themengebieten wie Forschung und Wissenschaft, Reisen und Expeditionen, Kochen und Ernährung, Medizin und weiteren Genres. Der Schwerpunkt des Verlages liegt auf dem Erhalt historischer Literatur. Viele Werke historischer Schriftsteller und Wissenschaftler sind heute nur noch als Antiquitäten erhältlich. Hansebooks verlegt diese Bücher neu und trägt damit zum Erhalt selten gewordener Literatur und historischem Wissen auch für die Zukunft bei.

Ecology, Economy and State Formation in Early Modern Germany

Ecology, Economy and State Formation in Early Modern Germany PDF

Author: Paul Warde

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2006-06-29

Total Pages: 411

ISBN-13: 113945773X

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This is an innovative analysis of the agrarian world and growth of government in early modern Germany through the medium of pre-industrial society's most basic material resource, wood. Paul Warde offers a regional study of south-west Germany from the late fifteenth to the early eighteenth century, demonstrating the stability of the economy and social structure through periods of demographic pressure, warfare and epidemic. He casts light on the nature of 'wood shortages' and societal response to environmental challenge, and shows how institutional responses largely based on preventing local conflict were poor at adapting to optimise the management of resources. Warde further argues for the inadequacy of models that oppose the 'market' to a 'natural economy' in understanding economic behaviour. This is a major contribution to debates about the sustainability of peasant society in early modern Europe, and to the growth of ecological approaches to history and historical geography.

Viennese synagogues

Viennese synagogues PDF

Author: Bob Martens

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 202

ISBN-13:

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Almost 25 synagogues once represented the diversity of Jewish sacred architecture in Vienna. Before 1900, the Jewish community in Vienna had grown to become the third largest in Europe. Almost every district had a temple. The new synagogues had to assert themselves in the cityscape, mostly only vacant lots in narrow streets were available. The volume recalls these sacred buildings with virtual reconstructions and numerous views, almost all of which were destroyed during the November program of 1938.

Local Workshops - Foreign Connections

Local Workshops - Foreign Connections PDF

Author: Emese Sarkadi Nagy

Publisher: Bohlau Verlag

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783799584104

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Flugelaltare sind komplexe Spiegel des geistigen, wirtschaftlichen und kulturellen Lebens eines Landes. Der umfangreiche Band bietet eingehende kunstgeschichtliche und historische Analysen verschiedener Gruppen von Flugelretabeln Siebenburgens, vor allem der von Sachsen bewohnten Landstriche. Ein vollstandiger Katalog der erhaltenen siebenburgischen Flugelaltare und zahlreiche Farbabbildungen dokumentieren dieses wichtige Kapitel der europaischen Kunstgeschichte und machen das Buch zu einem unentbehrlichen Nachschlagewerk.