Genes, Behavior, and the Social Environment

Genes, Behavior, and the Social Environment PDF

Author: Institute of Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2006-12-07

Total Pages: 385

ISBN-13: 0309101964

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Over the past century, we have made great strides in reducing rates of disease and enhancing people's general health. Public health measures such as sanitation, improved hygiene, and vaccines; reduced hazards in the workplace; new drugs and clinical procedures; and, more recently, a growing understanding of the human genome have each played a role in extending the duration and raising the quality of human life. But research conducted over the past few decades shows us that this progress, much of which was based on investigating one causative factor at a time—often, through a single discipline or by a narrow range of practitioners—can only go so far. Genes, Behavior, and the Social Environment examines a number of well-described gene-environment interactions, reviews the state of the science in researching such interactions, and recommends priorities not only for research itself but also for its workforce, resource, and infrastructural needs.

Gene-environment Interactions and Human Diseases

Gene-environment Interactions and Human Diseases PDF

Author: Lu Qi

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 348

ISBN-13: 9781634837064

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With tremendous success of genomic research in discovering genetic variations determining human diseases, it is now time to re-evaluate how the environment affects disease risk by taking into consideration these genetic findings. This book addresses a rapidly growing interest in assessing the relations between environmental risk factors (such as diet, lifestyle) and human diseases, by considering the potential roles of genomic make-up. The book brings together a selection of chapters written by specialists with a variety of backgrounds such as epidemiology, nutrition, genetics, epigenetics, microbiome, biostatistics and bioinformatics. These authors are united in their concerns on the same scientific question - how do genomic events modify the effects of traditional, environmental risk factors on disease risk? This book offers an expert overview of the advances in the field of gene-environment interactions on human diseases and the cutting-edge methods used to detect the interactions. The majority of the chapters provide detailed up-to-date descriptions of the major findings of gene-environment interactions on various chronic diseases and risk factors such as obesity, lipids, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, multiple sclerosis, pancreatitis, Parkinson's disease, and longevity. The book also covers the potential influence of epigenetic events and microbiome on the relation between environment and diseases. In addition, the book also captures the potential application of the findings from this field in personalized prevention and treatment of human diseases.

Cancer and the Environment

Cancer and the Environment PDF

Author: Institute of Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2002-08-01

Total Pages: 160

ISBN-13: 0309169240

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The Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine wanted to address the link between environmental factors and the development of cancer in light of recent advances in genomics. They asked what research tools are needed, how new scientific information can be applied in a timely manner to reduce the burden of cancer, and how this can be flexible enough to treat the individual.

Beyond Our Genes

Beyond Our Genes PDF

Author: Raffaele Teperino

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-01-24

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13: 3030352137

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The genotype/phenotype dichotomy is being slowly replaced by a more complex relationship whereby the majority of phenotypes arise from interactions between one’s genotype and the environment in which one lives. Interestingly, it seems that not only our lives, but also our ancestors’ lives, determine how we look. This newly recognized form of inheritance is known as (epi)genetic, as it involves an additional layer of information on top of the one encoded by the genes. Its discovery has constituted one of the biggest paradigm shifts in biology in recent years. Understanding epigenetic factors may help explain the pathogenesis of several complex human diseases (such as diabetes, obesity and cancer) and provide alternative paths for disease prevention, management and therapy. This book introduces the reader to the importance of the environment for our own health and the health of our descendants, sheds light on the current knowledge on epigenetic inheritance and opens a window to future developments in the field.

Genetics of Common Diseases

Genetics of Common Diseases PDF

Author: Ian Day

Publisher: Garland Science

Published: 2020-12-18

Total Pages: 300

ISBN-13: 1000144585

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Many common diseases are partly attributable to the genes which an individual inherits. Early steps have now been made in developing ways to determine which genetic variations are important, with some recent successes. This is a collection of papers from the Fifth Annual Molecular Pathology Symposium on the 10 December 1996. They represent the contributions to that meeting made by a set of distinguished scientists and clinicians whose work pertains to the furtherment of our understanding of the genetic components of common diseases and potential future approaches.