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Gendered Norms at Work

Author: Britt-Inger Keisu

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783030777357

This edited volume discusses how deeply entrenched gender norms in work environments, even in welfare economies, can affect women's health in an adverse way. The volume provides a broad overview of contributing factors. It derives specific answers from case studies in Sweden, a welfare state where women's labour market participation is very high, but where horizontal and vertical gender segregation in work is also one of the highest in the world. Women tend to work in occupations that are heavily dominated by women. An issue in women-dominated occupations is a considerably higher sickness absence than men, with the highest rates being in human service and care occupations. This volume adds to the literature on health and wellbeing in women-dominated professions and workplaces through studying the work environment, organizational changes, digitalization, threats, violence and conflict, and work conditions that could contribute to healthier workplaces for women. In addition, it points to the need for deeper gender analysis in work norms, and using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. It is of interest to social and behavioural scientists studying work, gender and health, as well as HR professionals and policy makers.

Exploring Gender at Work

Author: Joan Marques

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-03-25

Total Pages: 495

ISBN-13: 3030643190

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A timely work that reviews the phenomenon of gender and its many manifestations of equality. Well-suited for increasing awareness and justice in academic and professional environments, this collective work addresses long-standing and ongoing social problems such as discrimination, stereotyping, prejudice, as well as a plethora of societal and industry influences that sustain the trend of gender imbalance. Aiming to span a broad scope in time, backgrounds and implementation, this book presents a wide variety of topics, including a historical overview, contemporary gender-based Issues, gender approaches across the disciplines, and cultural influences. The reader is guaranteed to confront existing biases when digesting topics related to gender communication differences, stereotypes, tensions and resistances, assigned social roles, transgenderism, non-binary identities, tension fields between equality and equity, relational aggression, and more. A critical underlying aim of this book is to contribute constructively and progressively to the dialogue on the definition of gender, thus addressing an ongoing challenge for policy makers, organizational leaders, and scholars.

Bridging the Gender Gap

Author: Lynn Roseberry

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2014-07-25

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 0191026638

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Despite decades of efforts to promote gender equality, most leadership positions in business, politics, education, and even NGOs are occupied by men, and most people still work in occupations dominated by one sex. This book argues that gender imbalances in leadership and occupations are not simply a moral issue or an economic issue, but a governance issue. Gender imbalances persist in large part because the very people with the authority and influence to do something about them know very little about gender and how it works in their organizations and in society at large. Gender imbalanced governance is an expression of entrenched ideas about masculinity and femininity that lead to poor decision making. Improving the quality of governance requires action to counteract the main justifications for the status quo. Based on interviews and conversations with leaders and managers in Europe and the United States, the book presents seven of the most common explanations for persistent gender imbalances and shows how they are based on common stereotypes and myths about men's and women's abilities and preferences. This book provides a guided tour of current research about gender from a multi-disciplinary perspective. It challenges commonly held assumptions and offers alternative explanations and corresponding principles to guide individual decisions, action, and behaviour toward achieving gender balance.

On Norms and Agency

Author: Ana María Muñoz Boudet

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2013-05-03

Total Pages: 232

ISBN-13: 0821398628

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On Norms and Agency explores some of the power dynamics of gender relations within the household and communities in different contexts. These processes are analyzed from the perspectives of groups of men and women and boys and girls who participated in focus groups in 97 communities around the world. From gender differences and inequalities to intra-household decision making, more than 4,000 women and men in 500-plus single-sex focus groups reflected on how social norms that define what it means to be and act as a woman or a man affect their life outcomes and their access to opportunities. The analysis reveals not only how little gender norms have changed and how similar they are across countries, but also how change in norms and in individual empowerment and capacity to act and decide takes place. Change takes place at private as well as community and society levels -- and adjustments within one of these realms shape the pace and direction of change in the other. The process of gender-norm change appears to be uneven and challenging. The easy coexistence of new and old norms means that households in the same community can vary markedly in how much agency women can exercise; women feel less empowered when opinions and values of families and communities stay within traditional norms. This book seeks to understand the pathways toward greater gender equality by looking at the deepest constraints present for women and men alike. Unlike men, women are less dependent on the economic conditions of their environment. Men's power and agency are tightly intertwined with their identity and capacity as breadwinners. The main pathways for women to gain agency are education, employment, and decreased risk of domestic violence. A safer space encourages women to negotiate for more participation and equality in household discussions and decisions. Women's ability to contribute to family finances and to control (even partially) major or minor assets helps them gain more voice at home and in public spheres. Women's aspirations and empowerment to break gender barriers can be observed almost everywhere, even when economies are stagnant. These evident aspirations are partly due to women's perceptions of having more power and freedom in their lives and a greater ability to make decisions. Yet many women around the world, the study shows, still face norms and practices that limit them.

Gender Norms and Intersectionality

Author: Riki Wilchins

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2019-03-25

Total Pages: 227

ISBN-13: 178661085X

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There have been few, if any, attempts to translate the immense library of academic studies on gender norms for a lay audience, or to illustrate practical ways in which their insights could (and should) be applied. Similarly, there have been few attempts to build the case for gender in diverse fields like health, education, and economic security within a single book, one which also uses an intersectional lens to address issues of race and class. This book not only looks at the impact of rigid gender norms on young people who internalize them, but also shows how the health, educational, and criminal justice systems with which young people interact are also highly gendered systems that relentlessly police and sustain very narrow ideas of masculinity and femininity, particularly among youth. Current treatments of a “gender lens” or “gender analysis” both at home and abroad usually conflate gender with women and/or trans. Gender Norms and Intersectionality shows conclusively how this is both inadequate and wrong-headed. It documents why gender norms must be moved to the center of the discourses aimed at improving life outcomes for at-risk communities. And it does so while acknowledging the insights of queer theorists about bodies, power, and difference. This book provides a starting point for a long overdue movement to elevate “applied gender studies,” providing both a reference and guide for researchers, students, policymakers, funders, non-profit leaders, and grassroots advocates. It aims to transform readers’ view of a broad array of familiar social problems, such as basic wellness and reproductive health; education; economic security; and partner, male-on-male, and school violence—showing how gender norms are an integral if overlooked key to understanding each.

Gender, Tenure, and the Pursuit of Work-Life-Family Stability

Author: Kristen E. Willmott

Publisher: IAP

Published: 2020-10-01

Total Pages: 265

ISBN-13: 1648021824

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Female faculty underrepresentation in higher education is perpetuated by gender-based social and professional practices and roles. Existing research confirms gender disparities in faculty recruitment, retention, salary, tenure, and mentorship. This book explores how female, tenure-track faculty navigate the process of balancing their personal and professional lives. Utilizing a qualitative phenomenological approach, the stories of nine female, full-time tenure-track and tenured faculty as well as four administrators employed in faculty diversity, development, and work-life are explored. With a blended application of poststructuralist feminism and work-family border theoretical framework, the book illustrates gender norms, roles, and boundaries as experienced and interpreted by female faculty navigating their work, family, and community spheres of influence. This book highlights the first known study to explore a “new Ivy” institution, and there are no other known studies that incorporate both the qualitative perspectives of female faculty as well as those of the faculty diversity and development administrators who oversee and develop the very programs and policies that support those faculty. A key chapter in the book, “Baby, It’s Cold Inside: Faculty Context & Campus Climate” offers unique insight into what female faculty, and those who love them, face on the path to tenure today. Five thematic findings are overviewed and explored: faculty support comes in many forms; seeking clarity in job elements and teaching, research, service (TRS) ratios; coping strategies in the wake of an overloaded TRS ratio (“Quick meals, late nights, and what gym?”); family borders in the academy, and work-life-family fit: stability, not balance. This work aims to stimulate faculty gender norm consciousness and acknowledge and relay the unique challenges in faculty’s pursuit of work-life-family stability, career path navigation, and role negotiation. The author offers an insider’s glimpse of modern faculty and administrator lives for the benefit of tenure-track faculty, their departments, their families, and higher education institutions at large. This work aims to better inform university and departmental policy planning and enhance institutional understanding and subsequent support in and of the faculty experience, and thus the experiences of the increasingly diverse students whom educational institutions aim to serve.

Service with a (Surgically-Induced) Smile

Author: Suzanne A. Kim

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 3

ISBN-13:

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In this essay, the author explores the implications for women of robust social norms to perform "niceness" and the implications of this for economic equality.

Gender at Work

Author: Aruna Rao

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2015-11-19

Total Pages: 266

ISBN-13: 1317437071

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At a time when some corporate women leaders are advocating for their aspiring sisters to ‘lean in’ for a bigger piece of the existing pie, this book puts the spotlight on the deep structures of organizational culture that hold gender inequality in place. Gender at Work: Theory and Practice for 21st Century Organizations makes a compelling case that transforming the unspoken, informal institutional norms that perpetuate gender inequality in organizations is key to achieving gender equitable outcomes for all. The book is based on the authors’ interviews with 30 leaders who broke new ground on gender equality in organizations, international case studies crafted from consultations and organizational evaluations, and lessons from nearly fifteen years of experience of Gender at Work, a learning collaborative of 30 gender equality experts. From the Dalit women’s groups in India who fought structural discrimination in the largest ‘right to work’ program in the world, to the intrepid activists who challenged the powerful members of the UN Security Council to define mass rape as a tactic of war, the trajectories and analysis in this book will inspire readers to understand and chip away at the deep structures of gender discrimination in organizational policies, practices and outcomes. Designed for practitioners, policy makers, donors, students and researchers looking at gender, development and organizational change, this book offers readers a widely tested tool of analysis – the Gender at Work Analytical Framework – to assess the often invisible structures of gender bias in organizations and to map desired strategies and change processes.

Outdated Gender Norms Continue to Haunt Women's Workplace Advancement

Author: Kristina Durante

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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Despite women's gains in today's workplace, there is still a long way to go toward gender parity. One factor contributing to inequity is social norms related to gender that do not reflect the reality of our modern world. The current paper reviews recent research that demonstrates the (often hidden) ways traditional gender roles hinder women's advancement in the workplace, cause family stress resulting from household labor disputes, and prevent many talented women from following their aspirations. We conclude with recommendations for changing the social narrative.