Toxic Fumes from Explosives

Toxic Fumes from Explosives PDF

Author: Robert F. Chaiken

Publisher:

Published: 1974

Total Pages: 32

ISBN-13:

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The Bureau of Mines has carried out experimental and theoretical studies with prilled and pulverized ammonium nitrate-fuel oil (AN-FO) mixtures containing varying amounts of fuel oil in an attempt to quantify the effects of stoichiometric composition, nonideal detonation behavior, and expansion volume on the production of CO, NO, and NO/sub 2/ fumes. Experimental fume measurements were obtained in the Bureau's large closed gallery facility (7.2 x 10/sup 4/ liter expansion chamber) and in the standard Crawshaw-Jones apparatus (90-liter expansion chamber) using a prepackaged charge configuration containing about 450 g of explosives. The theoretical calculation of toxic fumes was achieved with an equilibrium detonation code called TIGER. Contrary to initial expectations, the NO/sub x/ (= NO + NO/sub 2/) fumes from the large gallery test were found to be in essential agreement with the Crawshaw-Jones results. It was also concluded that TIGER calculations offer a good approach to the prediction of toxic fumes; there is a basic problem in extrapolating laboratory measurements of CO fumes to mine conditions, this being due to postdetonation oxidation of CO to CO/sub 2/; and the detonation velocity decay rate of an explosive is a useful experimental parameter for correlating toxic fumes production with nonideal detonation behavior.

How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease

How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease PDF

Author: United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General

Publisher:

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 728

ISBN-13:

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This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.

Running on Fumes

Running on Fumes PDF

Author: Franklin W. Dixon

Publisher: Perfection Learning

Published: 2005-06

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9780756976897

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Frank and Joe travel to California where they investigate the leader of a utopian community and his followers to see if they intend to sabotage the oil industry.

FUME EVENT "Aviation's Biggest Lie"

FUME EVENT

Author: Porter Lafayette

Publisher: Lulu.com

Published: 2016-08

Total Pages: 160

ISBN-13: 1365297977

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This is a documentary and exposé of my own personal journey as well as that of fellow co-workers who have dealt with the deception, lies, collusion and retaliation after encountering a 'fume event', which is the aviation industry's terminology for an engine wet seal 'bleed' affecting the aircraft breathing air which can fill the cabin with neurotoxic, visible or invisible, fumes of 'organophosphate' containing chemicals. This is Aviations Biggest Lie and it has been told for over 60 years. It is time for the flying public to know the truth. You come home from a flight and you have, quote 'jet lag', or you are traveling and never got sick before but suddenly you become violently 'air sick' onboard for no apparent reason. 'Jet lag' and 'air sick' are often the airlines 'explanation' and 'excuse' when they have actually poisoned you with leaking toxic cabin air. Once you read this book, you will never ever look at air travel the same way again. Knowledge is Power.

Recovery of Fumes from Chloride Volatilization of Gold

Recovery of Fumes from Chloride Volatilization of Gold PDF

Author: Abraham L. Engel

Publisher:

Published: 1949

Total Pages: 20

ISBN-13:

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In recent investigations of chloride volatilization of gold at the Reno Station, it was found that the addition of small amounts of copper and NaCl to the charge brought about improved volatilization of the gold.