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Author: Hugh Collins
Publisher: Philosophical Foundations of L
Published: 2019-02-12
Total Pages: 369
ISBN-13: 0198825277
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The first book to explore the philosophical foundations of labour law in detail, including topics such as the meaning of work, the relationship between employee and employer, and the demands of justice in the workplace.
Author: Béné, Christophe
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Published: 2021-02-20
Total Pages: 90
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →As part of the work implemented by CGIAR on COVID-19, the COVID-19 Research Hub Working Group 4 “Address food systems’ fragility and build back better” was tasked with implementing a global assessment of the impacts of COVID-19 on food systems and their actors, focusing specifically on the consequences that the pandemic had brought on the food security and nutrition of those who have been affected by the crisis. This includes formal and informal actors of the food supply chains (from producers to street vendors) as well as consumers, in both rural and urban environments. Building on this assessment, the task was then to draw on key principles of resilience in the context of humanitarian and food security crisis, to identify preliminary elements of a food system resilience research agenda.
Author: Kofi Kissi Dompere
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2012-08-28
Total Pages: 232
ISBN-13: 3642311199
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The monograph is about a meta-theory of knowledge-production process and the logical pathway that connects the epistemic possibility to the epistemic reality. It examines the general conditions of paradigms for information processing and isolates the classical and fuzzy paradigms for comparative analysis. The sets of conditions that give rise to them are defined, stated and analyzed to abstract the corresponding sets of laws of thought. The fuzzy paradigm with its corresponding logic and mathematics is related to inexact symbolism for the defective information structure where the results of the knowledge production must satisfy the epistemic conditionality, composed of fuzzy conditionality and fuzzy-stochastic conditionality under the principle of logical duality with continuum. The classical paradigm with its corresponding logic and mathematics is related to exact symbolism for exact information structure where the vagueness component of the defectiveness is assumed away, and where the results of the knowledge production must satisfy no epistemic conditionality or at the maximum only the stochastic conditionality under the principle of logical dualism with excluded middle. It is argued that the epistemic path that links ontological space to the epistemological space is information. The ontological space is taken as the primary category of reality while the epistemological space is shone to be a derivative. Such information is universally defective and together with assumptions imposed guides the development of paradigms with their laws of thought, logic of reasoning, mathematics and computational techniques. The relational structure is seen in terms of logical trinity with a given example as matter-information-energy transformational trinity which is supported by the time trinity of past-present-future relationality. The book is written for professionals, researchers and students working in philosophy of science, decision-choice theories, economies, sciences, computer science, engineering, cognitive psychology and researchers working on, or interested in fuzzy paradigm, fuzzy logic, fuzzy decisions, and phenomena of vagueness and ambiguities, fuzzy mathematics, fuzzy-stochastic processes and theory of knowledge. It is further aimed at research institutions and libraries. The subject matter belongs to extensive research and development taking place on fuzzy phenomena and the debate between the fuzzy paradigm and the classical paradigm relative to informatics, synergetic science and complexity theory. The book will have a global appeal and across disciplines. Its strength, besides the contents, is the special effort that is undertaken to make it relevant and accessible to different areas of sciences and knowledge production.
Author: International Correspondence Schools
Publisher:
Published: 1905
Total Pages: 878
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author: Bruce R. Hopkins
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Published: 2014-06-16
Total Pages: 896
ISBN-13: 111853249X
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Stay updated on the latest tax regulations with this private foundation tax manual Knowledge of tax regulations surrounding private foundations isn't enough if you're an executive of such an organization or a professional supporting a tax-exempt foundation. Annual changes to IRS rules and increased scrutiny by regulators mean it's necessary for you to keep abreast of myriad changes that come into existence each year. From authors Bruce R. Hopkins and Jody Blazek comes the definitive guide for those responsible for guiding the financial and tax filing operations of private foundations. The complexity of tax regulations related to private foundations extends to a level that is out of proportion to the relatively small number of such entities. Nonetheless, recent statutory requirements that apply solely to private foundations can make untangling filing and reporting activities overly burdensome without a developed knowledge of the underlying theory and practice. To navigate this maze of add-on regulations, Hopkins and Blazek provide background knowledge, in-depth explanations of regulatory changes, and real-world examples to bring as much simplicity to the process as possible. Receive guidance from the 2007 Outstanding Nonprofit Lawyer Award recipient Learn about the details of private foundation taxes from leading experts in the field Make use of checklists and sample documents to prepare organizational filings Utilize line-by-line instructions for completing exemption applications and forms For professionals working closely with private foundations, including accountants, lawyers, and foundation executives, Private Foundations: Tax Law and Compliance, 4th Edition is a welcome resource for keeping your clients or your organization on the right track. Brings clarity, real-world examples, and checklists to help professionals deal with the burdensome process of complying with IRS regulations governing private foundations Clarifies the underlying logic behind statutory tax regulations governing private foundations and the practical implications of maintaining compliance Supplemented annually online to keep subscribers up-to-date on relevant changes in IRS forms requirements, and related tax procedures Includes easy-to-use checklists highlighting such critical concerns as tax-exempt eligibility and tax compliance Offers line-by-line instructions for completing a variety of exemption applications and tax forms“/li> Features sample documents, letters of application, completed forms and practice aids summarizing the differences between public and private charitable organizations
Author: Joan Roelofs
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Published: 2012-02-01
Total Pages: 283
ISBN-13: 079148727X
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →In this pathbreaking study of foundation influence, author Joan Roelofs produces a comprehensive picture of philanthropy's critical role in society. She shows how a vast number of policy innovations have arisen from the most important foundations, lessening the destructive impact of global "marketization." Conversely, groups and movements that might challenge the status quo are nudged into line with grants and technical assistance, and foundations also have considerable power to shape such things as public opinion, higher education, and elite ideology. The cumulative effect is that foundations, despite their progressive goals, have a depoliticizing effect, one that preserves the hegemony of neoliberal institutions.
Author: United States. Internal Revenue Service
Publisher:
Published: 1978
Total Pages: 76
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Author: Tine Hanrieder
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Published: 2015-06-18
Total Pages: 272
ISBN-13: 019101625X
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →International Organization in Time investigates why reformers often pledge to unify international organizations (IOs), but end up fragmenting them instead. The book reconstructs the institutional history of the World Health Organization (WHO) since its creation in 1946. It theorizes the fragmentation trap, which is both a cause and a consequence of reform failure in the WHO. A comparison between the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) illustrates the relevance of path dependence and fragmentation across the United Nations (UN) system. As the UN approaches its 70th anniversary, this book helps to understand the path dependent dynamics that reformers encounter in international organizations.
