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Author: J. Edward Graham
Publisher: Psychology Press
Published: 2001
Total Pages: 176
ISBN-13: 9780815338024
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →First Published in 2001. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Author: Sharjil M. Haque
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2021-11-05
Total Pages: 51
ISBN-13: 1589064127
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →We study the impact of the COVID-19 recession on capital structure of publicly listed U.S. firms. Our estimates suggest leverage (Net Debt/Asset) decreased by 5.3 percentage points from the pre-shock mean of 19.6 percent, while debt maturity increased moderately. This de-leveraging effect is stronger for firms exposed to significant rollover risk, while firms whose businesses were most vulnerable to social distancing did not reduce leverage. We rationalize our evidence through a structural model of firm value that shows lower expected growth rate and higher volatility of cash flows following COVID-19 reduced optimal levels of corporate leverage. Model-implied optimal leverage indicates firms which did not de-lever became over-leveraged. We find default probability deteriorates most in large, over-leveraged firms and those that were stressed pre-COVID. Additional stress tests predict value of these firms will be less than one standard deviation away from default if cash flows decline by 20 percent.
Author: Grzegorz Michalski
Publisher:
Published: 2007
Total Pages: 12
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →To set the optimal level of the financial liquidity in the firm, it is necessary to have the information about the internal value of the liquidity. The internal value of the liquidity in the firm is relative to level of the liquidity plus eight other factors. Three of them are decreasing internal value of liquidity. The article contains consideration concerning these factors and activities of the management of the firm resulting from the observations of the factors.
Author: Mr.Linghui Han
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Published: 2012-05-01
Total Pages: 45
ISBN-13: 1475537891
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Monetary aggregates are now much less used as policy instruments as identifying the right measure has become difficult and interest rate transmission has worked well in an increasingly complex financial system. In this process, little attention was paid to the potential spillover of excess liquidity. This paper suggests a notional level of "optimal" liquidity beyond which asset prices will start to rise faster than the GDP deflator, thereby creating a gap between the face value and the real purchasing value of financial assets and widen the wedge in income between those with capital stock and those living on salaries. Such divergence will eventually lead to an abrupt and disorderly adjustment of the asset value, with repercussions on the real sector.
Author: Grzegorz Michalski
Publisher:
Published: 2007
Total Pages: 12
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Actually determining the value of liquidity is one of the unsolved problems in finance. Having information about value of liquidity we can better tackle the problems of working capital management and financial liquidity management can be resolved.
Author: Wolfgang Bühler
Publisher:
Published: 2006
Total Pages: 34
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →In a structural model for credit risk we endogenize inability to pay as a second independent reason for default besides overindebtedness. Inability to pay is triggered by rational behavior of incompletely informed outsiders. The firm needs to raise additional cash via secondary equity offerings in order to service it's coupon payments. Underpricing of secondary equity offerings is explained as necessary for these offerings to be successful. In addition to Duffie/Lando (2001) we find that the liquidity risk has a strong impact on the current firm value and the optimal leverage. Credit spreads of debt in the primary market depend on the degree of liquidity risk. They can be lower or higher than in case without liquidity risk.Our results have a number of additional, interesting consequences. Contrary to Duffie/Lando (2001) incomplete information of outside investors has an impact on the default probability of the firm and therefore on the optimal capital structure which is determined in the primary market. The debt-equity ratio is typically lower than in the Duffie/Lando (2001) model that operates under complete information in the primary market and can result in lower credit spreads.
Author: Florian Voigt
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Published: 2005-12-05
Total Pages: 32
ISBN-13: 3638445526
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 85%, Stellenbosch Universitiy, language: English, abstract: The financing strategy is the mix of capital chosen by each enterprise. This strategy is of extreme importance, because it can have a profound effect on the value of the enterprise. In general, firms have different possibilities to design its capital structure. Debt can be issued in a large quantity or only in a small amount. Furthermore, warrants, convertible bonds, caps, callers or preferred stock can be issued. Firms can use lease financing, bond swaps or forward contracts. The variations in capital structures are infinite, due to the endless number of financing instruments. Variables such as demand and supply, the capital requirement, the price of capital (interest rates), types of security, etc. are given at a particular point in time. We will discuss how a firm should finance in order to establish an optimal combination of equity and debt capital in the interests of the welfare of the owners. Uncertainty and risk are central to the financing problem and therefore financing must in essence be dynamic by nature. The single most important basis for making any financial decision is prognosis. The techniques used are mainly those of budgets and analysis by means of ratios. Prognosis, income expectations and developments in the money and capital markets, play a central role as the single most important basis of each financing decision. The optimal combinations of equity capital and debt to maximise the interest of the owners, are achieved by means of the sensible use of debt. The question thus arises to what extent this approach can be utilised and therefore the determining factors of the financial structure must be considered in more detail. This paper will focus on these factors. It will not discuss sources of financing in detail, which should be treated as a separate topic.
Author: Stephen M. Bainbridge
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Published: 2013-01-01
Total Pages: 498
ISBN-13: 0857931857
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →In most capital markets, insider trading is the most common violation of securities law. It is also the most well known, inspiring countless movie plots and attracting scholars with a broad range of backgrounds and interests, from pure legal doctrine to empirical analysis to complex economic theory. This volume brings together original cutting-edge research in these and other areas written by leading experts in insider trading law and economics. The Handbook begins with a section devoted to legal issues surrounding the USÕs ban on insider trading, which is one of the oldest and most energetically enforced in the world. Using this section as a foundation, contributors go on to discuss several specific court cases as well as important developments in empirical research on the subject. The Handbook concludes with a section devoted to international perspectives, providing insight into insider trading laws in China, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the European Union. This timely and comprehensive volume will appeal to students and professors of law and economics, as well as scholars, researchers and practitioners with an interest in insider trading.
Author: H. Osano
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2001-11-06
Total Pages: 310
ISBN-13: 0230288146
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →Banking, Capital Markets and Corporate Governance explores the fragility of the banking system, corporate governance, and the increasing securitization of corporate finance. The contributors address the following issues. The impact of banking during a crisis in providing an incentive for the managers of failing banks to restructure their assets; the way in which economic and legal institutions can control the management of banks and firms; and the effects of increases in the securitization of corporate finance and the amount of financial innovation.
Author: Ford Lumban Gaol
Publisher: CRC Press
Published: 2015-02-27
Total Pages: 448
ISBN-13: 1315687631
DOWNLOAD EBOOK →The human aspect plays an important role in the social sciences. The behavior of people has become a vital area of focus in the social sciences as well. Interdisciplinary Behavior and Social Sciences contains papers that were originally presented at the 3rd International Congress on Interdisciplinary Behavior and Social Science 2014 (ICIBSoS 2014),
