Federal Downsizing

Federal Downsizing PDF

Author: United States. General Accounting Office

Publisher:

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 44

ISBN-13:

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

As part of its downsizing efforts, the government has offered federal workers incentive payments, or buyouts, to encourage them to leave through voluntary separations. Unless a waiver is granted, buyout recipients generally must repay the buyout if they return to federal employment within five years of their separation. During the period GAO reviewed--January 1993 through June 1995--two different buyout rules were in effect at the Defense Department (DOD). DOD employees could receive buyouts, and they were not required to repay the buyouts if they returned to federal service, although DOD's policy was not to rehire its buyout recipients until one year after their separation. Beginning in March 1994, however, the Federal Workforce Restructuring Act mandated that all federal employees, including those at DOD, repay their buyouts if they returned to federal employment within five years of their separation. In October 1996, GAO reported on 23 cases of buyout recipients who appeared to have violated the act's repayment provision or DOD's reemployment policy or about whom GAO could not determine whether they had returned to federal employment because of inconsistent source data. (See GAO/GGD-97-7R.) This report discusses whether (1) the 23 buyout recipients returned to federal service and, if so, whether they repaid the buyout or met DOD's reemployment policy and (2) whether the agencies that were identified as employing the 23 buyout recipients had internal controls in place to help ensure that buyout recipients repaid buyouts when required to do so.

Ggd-98-12 Federal Downsizing

Ggd-98-12 Federal Downsizing PDF

Author: United States Accounting Office (GAO)

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2018-02-07

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13: 9781984332714

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

GGD-98-12 Federal Downsizing: Controls Needed to Ensure Compliance With Buyout Repayment Provisions

The North American Model of Wildlife Conservation

The North American Model of Wildlife Conservation PDF

Author: Shane P. Mahoney

Publisher: JHU Press

Published: 2019-09-10

Total Pages: 177

ISBN-13: 1421432811

DOWNLOAD EBOOK →

The foremost experts on the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation come together to discuss its role in the rescue, recovery, and future of our wildlife resources. At the end of the nineteenth century, North America suffered a catastrophic loss of wildlife driven by unbridled resource extraction, market hunting, and unrelenting subsistence killing. This crisis led powerful political forces in the United States and Canada to collaborate in the hopes of reversing the process, not merely halting the extinctions but returning wildlife to abundance. While there was great understanding of how to manage wildlife in Europe, where wildlife management was an old, mature profession, Continental methods depended on social values often unacceptable to North Americans. Even Canada, a loyal colony of England, abandoned wildlife management as practiced in the mother country and joined forces with like-minded Americans to develop a revolutionary system of wildlife conservation. In time, and surviving the close scrutiny and hard ongoing debate of open, democratic societies, this series of conservation practices became known as the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation. In this book, editors Shane P. Mahoney and Valerius Geist, both leading authorities on the North American Model, bring together their expert colleagues to provide a comprehensive overview of the origins, achievements, and shortcomings of this highly successful conservation approach. This volume • reviews the emergence of conservation in late nineteenth–early twentieth century North America • provides detailed explorations of the Model's institutions, principles, laws, and policies • places the Model within ecological, cultural, and socioeconomic contexts • describes the many economic, social, and cultural benefits of wildlife restoration and management • addresses the Model's challenges and limitations while pointing to emerging opportunities for increasing inclusivity and optimizing implementation Studying the North American experience offers insight into how institutionalizing policies and laws while incentivizing citizen engagement can result in a resilient framework for conservation. Written for wildlife professionals, researchers, and students, this book explores the factors that helped fashion an enduring conservation system, one that has not only rescued, recovered, and sustainably utilized wildlife for over a century, but that has also advanced a significant economic driver and a greater scientific understanding of wildlife ecology. Contributors: Leonard A. Brennan, Rosie Cooney, James L. Cummins, Kathryn Frens, Valerius Geist, James R. Heffelfinger, David G. Hewitt, Paul R. Krausman, Shane P. Mahoney, John F. Organ, James Peek, William Porter, John Sandlos, James A. Schaefer