Congress and Crime

Congress and Crime PDF

Author: Joseph F. Zimmerman

Publisher: Lexington Books

Published: 2014-08-06

Total Pages: 177

ISBN-13: 0739198076

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Congress in the latter part of the nineteenth century decided to enact a series of statutes facilitating state enforcement of their respective criminal laws. Subsequently, Congress enacted statutes federalizing what had been solely state crimes, thereby establishing federal court and state court concurrent jurisdiction over these crimes. Federalization of state crimes has been criticized by numerous scholars, U.S. Supreme Court justices, and national organizations. Such federalization has congested the calendars of the U.S. District Court and the U.S. Court of Appeals leading to delays in civil cases because of the Speedy TrialAct that vacates a criminal indictment if a trial is not commenced within a specific number of days, resulted in over-crowded U.S. penitentiaries, and raises the issue of double jeopardy that is prohibited by the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and the constitution of each state. This book examines the impact of federalization of state crime and draws conclusions regarding its desirability. It also offers recommendations directed to Congress and the President, one recommendation direct to state legislatures for remedial actions to reduce the undesirable effects of federalized state crimes, and one recommendation that Congress and all states enter into a federal-interstate criminal suppression compact.

Federal Criminal Law and Its Enforcement, 6th

Federal Criminal Law and Its Enforcement, 6th PDF

Author: Norman Abrams

Publisher: West Academic Publishing

Published: 2017-08-11

Total Pages: 117

ISBN-13: 9781640202320

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The authors have added excerpts of recent Supreme Court cases, including, in the area of corruption--McDonnell, Ocasio, and Taylor; firearms offenses--Voisine, Dean, Mathis, Johnson, Welch, Beckles, and Caetano; RICO--RJR Nabisco, Inc.; plea bargaining--Turner and Lee; and forfeiture laws--Luis and Honeycutt. Moreover, the authors expanded the chapter on Drug Offense Enforcement by including the Controlled Substance Analogue Enforcement Act, and offering Attorney General Sessions' May 10, 2017 modification of the Department of Justice's Charging and Sentencing Policy, which reverses former AG Holder's attempt to decrease penalties for drug offenses. The Corporate Criminal Liability chapter now includes a discussion of the 2015 Yates Memorandum requirement that individual directors and managers should generally be charged along with their corporations, as well as an analysis of whether this policy has actually been implemented. They have added a brief description of the grounds for deportation in our civil immigration system, often based upon conviction of a criminal offense.

Law Enforcement in a New Century and a Changing World: Improving the Administration of Federal Law Enforcement, Report of the Commission on the Advancement of Federal Law Enforcement

Law Enforcement in a New Century and a Changing World: Improving the Administration of Federal Law Enforcement, Report of the Commission on the Advancement of Federal Law Enforcement PDF

Author:

Publisher: Government Printing Office

Published:

Total Pages: 200

ISBN-13: 9780160884399

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Global crime, cybercrime and terrorism in new and evermore dangerous form will threaten the safety of Americans and the security of the United States in the next century. Globalized crime knows no borders; it can undermine business competition, corrode enemies, and destabilize political systems. Cybercrime can assault any country’s physical and information infrastructure. Terrorists can kill and destroy for maximum effect. In addition, increasingly sophisticated drug trafficking uses advanced information and telecommunications technologies to import and distribute illegal drugs without detection. For the first time in recent history, a Congressional Commission has set out to study the integration of widely disparate and often conflicting issues to strengthen the law enforcement fabric of the Federal Government while protecting democracy and the rights and liberties of individual citizens. The Commission saw its role as calling the Nation’s attention to the broadest concerns in national and international law enforcement. It also urges the Nation and its Federal law enforcement establishment to break down the barriers of institutional thinking and find new ways to approach the challenges of crime in the new century. Over its 2-year tenure, the Commission met more than 20 times and took verbal and sometimes written testimony from some 70 witnesses, including two members of President Clinton’s Cabinet and numerous presidential appointees. They identified that reforms are needed in six major areas: 1) To combat global crime, cybercrime, and terrorism; 2) Make it clear that the Attorney General has broad coordinating authority for Federal law enforcement, and minimize overlap and duplication 3) Provide the intelligence and information needed to combat terrorism; 4) Make global crime a national law enforcement priority; 5) Reverse the trend toward federalization; and 6)Focus on professionalism, integrity, and accountability.

Defining Federal Crimes

Defining Federal Crimes PDF

Author: Daniel C. Richman

Publisher: Wolters Kluwer Law & Business

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781543804324

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Defining Federal Crimes, Second Edition (available for free to students in e-book format) frames federal criminal law as a distinctive world created and shaped by the interplay between the three branches of the federal government. It provides an overview of basic doctrine while inviting students to explore the many difficult and unsettled questions that continue to perplex judges, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and policymakers. Particularly since students' basic Criminal Law courses draw on penal laws from any number of jurisdictions, this book will be their first exposure to an actual criminal law system, in which each law-shaping institution can react to the moves of the others. New to the Second Edition: Reorganization of the domestic Commerce Clause section and exploration of the Supreme Court's aborted engagement with the Treaty Power in Bond v. U.S. (Ch.2) Inclusion of the Court's deployment of the "rule of lenity" in Yates v. U.S. and reorganization of the mens rea section, including Elonis v. U.S. (Ch.3) Revisions to highlight the growing tension between the cases precluding mail fraud liability for deceit that "merely" causes the victim to enter into a transaction and those permitting liability an intangible property "right to control" theory (Ch.4) Considerable revision to the "under color of official right" extortion sections to accommodate McDonnell v. U.S.; a new case (Ocasio v. U.S.) exploring the interaction between "under color of official right" complicity and victim status in "fear of economic loss" extortion; a new case (U.S. v. Baroni--the "Bridgegate Case") offering an interesting use of the "misapplication" prong of section 18 U.S.C. 666 (Ch.6) New cases emerging from the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr., Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009, including U.S. v. Miller (Ch.7) New case (Rosemond v. U.S.) in Aiding and Abetting discussion; a new section on Accessory after the Fact and Misprison of Felony liability, including U.S. v. Olson; substantial revision of Material Support of Terrorism section (Ch.8) Substantial updates to Ch.9, including coverage of the opioid crisis and enforcement responses to it; exploration of the Court's analysis of McFadden v. U.S.; discussion of Congress's use of its appropriations power to limit the federal prosecution of medicinal marijuana cases, including U.S. v. Kleinman; a new case (U.S. v. Campbell) about the Maritime Drug Law Enforcement Act; a new section on prior felony informations and their use for plea bargaining leverage, including U.S. v. Kupa; new discussion of the charging policies of the Attorneys General and of disparate judicial analyses of narcotics mandatory minimums Extended discussions of corporate liability to include recent judicial efforts to oversee deferred prosecution agreements (Ch.11) Reorganization of Ch.12, with more attention given to the clash between Chevron deference and the rule of lenity Professors and students will benefit from: Comprehensive overview of the many federal criminal offenses prosecutors use to charge political corruption and explores difficult questions associated with criminalizing aspects of the political process Framing of apparently diverse offenses like money laundering, RICO, and material support of terrorism as the complicity-broadening devices that make them intellectually interesting and practically potent Use of "Notes and Questions" to situate major cases in their proper political and historical contexts, tie together topics from different parts of the book that touch on similar themes, and explore lingering doctrinal ambiguities