EU Policy and Legal Framework for Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Related Technologies - The AI Act

EU Policy and Legal Framework for Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Related Technologies - The AI Act PDF

Author: Nikos Th Nikolinakos

Publisher:

Published: 2023

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9783031279553

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) can benefit our society and economy, but also brings with it new challenges and raises legal and ethical questions. According to the author of this comprehensive analysis, it is imperative to ensure that AI is developed and applied in an appropriate legal and regulatory framework that promotes innovation and investment and, at the same time, addresses the risks associated with certain uses of AI-related technologies. Essential to understanding the relationship between policy and law, this book traces the evolution of EU policy on artificial intelligence and robotics, focusing in particular on the EU's ethical framework for AI, which defines trust as a prerequisite for ensuring a human-centric approach. The main part of the book provides a thorough and systematic analysis of the Commission's 2021 proposed AI Act, which establishes harmonised rules for the development, placement on the market and use of AI systems in the EU. The author painstakingly compares the Commission's proposed AI Act with the numerous "compromise" proposals of the Council of the European Union, leading to the final version of the Council's AI Act (general approach) and its formal adoption on 6 December 2022. The author also examines with extraordinary detail the amendments proposed by the relevant committees and political groups of the European Parliament, revealing the position the Parliament is likely to adopt in the forthcoming negotiations with the Commission and the Council on the text of the AI Act. Numerous legislative and policy documents are presented in detail, while the analysis also considers the comments made by all interested parties (e.g. the European Commission, Council of the European Union, European Parliament, governmental organisations, national competent authorities, and stakeholders/actors with different/conflicting interests, such as corporations, business and consumer associations, civil society and other non-profit organisations). In the course of its in-depth analysis, this book will provide readers with crucial insight into the reasons behind the European Institutions' different approaches and the often contradictory interests of stakeholders. Because the policy arguments are carefully balanced and drafted with scrupulous care, this volume will establish itself as a reference resource to be consulted for years to come.

EU Policy and Legal Framework for Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Related Technologies - The AI Act

EU Policy and Legal Framework for Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Related Technologies - The AI Act PDF

Author: Nikos Th. Nikolinakos

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-07-06

Total Pages: 746

ISBN-13: 3031279530

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) can benefit our society and economy, but also brings with it new challenges and raises legal and ethical questions. According to the author of this comprehensive analysis, it is imperative to ensure that AI is developed and applied in an appropriate legal and regulatory framework that promotes innovation and investment and, at the same time, addresses the risks associated with certain uses of AI-related technologies. Essential to understanding the relationship between policy and law, this book traces the evolution of EU policy on artificial intelligence and robotics, focusing in particular on the EU’s ethical framework for AI, which defines trust as a prerequisite for ensuring a human-centric approach. The main part of the book provides a thorough and systematic analysis of the Commission’s 2021 proposed AI Act, which establishes harmonised rules for the development, placement on the market and use of AI systems in the EU. The author painstakingly compares the Commission’s proposed AI Act with the numerous “compromise” proposals of the Council of the European Union, leading to the final version of the Council’s AI Act (general approach) and its formal adoption on 6 December 2022. The author also examines with extraordinary detail the amendments proposed by the relevant committees and political groups of the European Parliament, revealing the position the Parliament is likely to adopt in the forthcoming negotiations with the Commission and the Council on the text of the AI Act. Numerous legislative and policy documents are presented in detail, while the analysis also considers the comments made by all interested parties (e.g. the European Commission, Council of the European Union, European Parliament, governmental organisations, national competent authorities, and stakeholders/actors with different/conflicting interests, such as corporations, business and consumer associations, civil society and other non-profit organisations). In the course of its in-depth analysis, this book will provide readers with crucial insight into the reasons behind the European Institutions’ different approaches and the often contradictory interests of stakeholders. Because the policy arguments are carefully balanced and drafted with scrupulous care, this volume will establish itself as a reference resource to be consulted for years to come.

Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence PDF

Author: Andrea Renda

Publisher: Centre for European Policy Studies

Published: 2019-05-14

Total Pages: 152

ISBN-13: 9789461387165

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Despite still being in its infancy, artificial intelligence (AI) has already shown enormous potential to advance humanity towards new frontiers of prosperity and growth. Due to its powerful force, however, AI can also pose significant risks, which should be handled with the utmost care, but not with fear. The world's top political leaders have understood AI's disruptive potential and are rushing to secure a competitive advantage in this crucial emerging domain, even at the price of reviving old-fashioned industrial policy. At the same time, academia and civil society are calling for widely shared ethical principles to avoid negative repercussions. In this fast-changing context, Europe is struggling to keep pace with superpowers like the United States and China. This report summarises the work of the CEPS Task Force on Artificial Intelligence, which met throughout 2018. Arguing that the EU and its member states are uniquely positioned to lead the global community towards responsible, sustainable AI development, its members call upon European leaders to focus on leveraging AI's potential to foster sustainable development in line with the 2030 Agenda. The report puts forward 44 recommendations on how to design and promote lawful, responsible and sustainable AI and how to approach future policy and investment decisions with the aim of positioning Europe in the driver's seat to address the most disruptive technology transition of our times.

Artificial Intelligence: Robot Law, Policy and Ethics

Artificial Intelligence: Robot Law, Policy and Ethics PDF

Author: Nathalie Rébé

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2021-08-09

Total Pages: 262

ISBN-13: 9004458107

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In Artificial Intelligence: Robot Law, Policy and Ethics, Dr. Nathalie Rébé discusses the legal and contemporary issues in relation to creating conscious robots. This book provides an in-depth analysis of the existing regulatory tools, as well as a new comprehensive framework for regulating Strong AI.

Regulating Artificial Intelligence

Regulating Artificial Intelligence PDF

Author: Thomas Wischmeyer

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2019-11-29

Total Pages: 391

ISBN-13: 3030323617

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This book assesses the normative and practical challenges for artificial intelligence (AI) regulation, offers comprehensive information on the laws that currently shape or restrict the design or use of AI, and develops policy recommendations for those areas in which regulation is most urgently needed. By gathering contributions from scholars who are experts in their respective fields of legal research, it demonstrates that AI regulation is not a specialized sub-discipline, but affects the entire legal system and thus concerns all lawyers. Machine learning-based technology, which lies at the heart of what is commonly referred to as AI, is increasingly being employed to make policy and business decisions with broad social impacts, and therefore runs the risk of causing wide-scale damage. At the same time, AI technology is becoming more and more complex and difficult to understand, making it harder to determine whether or not it is being used in accordance with the law. In light of this situation, even tech enthusiasts are calling for stricter regulation of AI. Legislators, too, are stepping in and have begun to pass AI laws, including the prohibition of automated decision-making systems in Article 22 of the General Data Protection Regulation, the New York City AI transparency bill, and the 2017 amendments to the German Cartel Act and German Administrative Procedure Act. While the belief that something needs to be done is widely shared, there is far less clarity about what exactly can or should be done, or what effective regulation might look like. The book is divided into two major parts, the first of which focuses on features common to most AI systems, and explores how they relate to the legal framework for data-driven technologies, which already exists in the form of (national and supra-national) constitutional law, EU data protection and competition law, and anti-discrimination law. In the second part, the book examines in detail a number of relevant sectors in which AI is increasingly shaping decision-making processes, ranging from the notorious social media and the legal, financial and healthcare industries, to fields like law enforcement and tax law, in which we can observe how regulation by AI is becoming a reality.

Algorithms and Law

Algorithms and Law PDF

Author: Martin Ebers

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2020-07-23

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 1108424821

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Exploring issues from big-data to robotics, this volume is the first to comprehensively examine the regulatory implications of AI technology.

Robotics, AI and the Future of Law

Robotics, AI and the Future of Law PDF

Author: Marcelo Corrales

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-11-02

Total Pages: 237

ISBN-13: 9811328749

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Artificial intelligence and related technologies are changing both the law and the legal profession. In particular, technological advances in fields ranging from machine learning to more advanced robots, including sensors, virtual realities, algorithms, bots, drones, self-driving cars, and more sophisticated “human-like” robots are creating new and previously unimagined challenges for regulators. These advances also give rise to new opportunities for legal professionals to make efficiency gains in the delivery of legal services. With the exponential growth of such technologies, radical disruption seems likely to accelerate in the near future. This collection brings together a series of contributions by leading scholars in the newly emerging field of artificial intelligence, robotics, and the law. The aim of the book is to enrich legal debates on the social meaning and impact of this type of technology. The distinctive feature of the contributions presented in this edition is that they address the impact of these technological developments in a number of different fields of law and from the perspective of diverse jurisdictions. Moreover, the authors utilize insights from multiple related disciplines, in particular social theory and philosophy, in order to better understand and address the legal challenges created by AI. Therefore, the book will contribute to interdisciplinary debates on disruptive new AI technologies and the law.

Unboxing Artificial Intelligence: 10 steps to protect human rights

Unboxing Artificial Intelligence: 10 steps to protect human rights PDF

Author: Council of Europe

Publisher: Council of Europe

Published: 2019-08-09

Total Pages: 29

ISBN-13:

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Artificial intelligence (AI) involves opportunities as well as risks; human rights should be strengthened by AI, not undermined. This Recommendation on AI and human rights provides guidance on the way in which the negative impact of AI systems on human rights can be prevented or mitigated, focusing on 10 key areas of action.

The Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence

The Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence PDF

Author: Larry A. DiMatteo

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2022-08-11

Total Pages: 1230

ISBN-13: 1009080741

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The technology and application of artificial intelligence (AI) throughout society continues to grow at unprecedented rates, which raises numerous legal questions that to date have been largely unexamined. Although AI now plays a role in almost all areas of society, the need for a better understanding of its impact, from legal and ethical perspectives, is pressing, and regulatory proposals are urgently needed. This book responds to these needs, identifying the issues raised by AI and providing practical recommendations for regulatory, technical, and theoretical frameworks aimed at making AI compatible with existing legal rules, principles, and democratic values. An international roster of authors including professors of specialized areas of law, technologists, and practitioners bring their expertise to the interdisciplinary nature of AI.

Artificial Intelligence and International Economic Law

Artificial Intelligence and International Economic Law PDF

Author: Shin-yi Peng

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2021-10-14

Total Pages: 365

ISBN-13: 1108957153

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Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are transforming economies, societies, and geopolitics. Enabled by the exponential increase of data that is collected, transmitted, and processed transnationally, these changes have important implications for international economic law (IEL). This volume examines the dynamic interplay between AI and IEL by addressing an array of critical new questions, including: How to conceptualize, categorize, and analyze AI for purposes of IEL? How is AI affecting established concepts and rubrics of IEL? Is there a need to reconfigure IEL, and if so, how? Contributors also respond to other cross-cutting issues, including digital inequality, data protection, algorithms and ethics, the regulation of AI-use cases (autonomous vehicles), and systemic shifts in e-commerce (digital trade) and industrial production (fourth industrial revolution). This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.